# Marie Goetze

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{{short description|German contralto}}
[[File:Marie Ritter-Götze, contralto.png|thumb|Photograph from the ''[Musical Courier](/source/Musical_Courier)'' indentifying Marie Ritter-Götze while she was a singer at the [Metropolitan Opera](/source/Metropolitan_Opera).]]
'''Marie Goetze''',{{sfn|Dahlhaus| Döhring|1997|page=258}} sometimes given as '''Marie Götz'''{{sfn|Mesa|2015|page=358}} or '''Marie Götze'''{{sfn|Freund|2003|page=15}} and also known by her married name '''Marie Ritter-Goetze''' (also styled '''Marie Ritter-Götze'''),{{sfn|Kutsch| Riemens|2003|page=1771}} (2 November 1865 – 18 December 1922) was a German [contralto](/source/contralto). A native of Berlin, she was trained by [Jenny Meyer](/source/Jenny_Meyer) at the [Stern Conservatory](/source/Stern_Conservatory) and privately with [Désirée Artôt](/source/D%C3%A9sir%C3%A9e_Art%C3%B4t). She was a longtime principal artist at the [Berlin Hofoper](/source/Berlin_Hofoper) 1884-1886 and again from 1892 until her retirement from the stage in 1920. She also was a resident artist at the [Hamburg State Opera](/source/Hamburg_State_Opera) (1886-1890) and in New York City at the [Metropolitan Opera](/source/Metropolitan_Opera) (1890-1891). She performed as a guest artist at many important theatres; among them the [Royal Opera House](/source/Royal_Opera_House) in London, the [Cologne Opera](/source/Cologne_Opera), [Oper Frankfurt](/source/Oper_Frankfurt), and the [Bavarian State Opera](/source/Bavarian_State_Opera).{{sfn|Kutsch| Riemens|2003|page=1771}} She was a lauded interpreter of the role of Fides in [Giacomo Meyerbeer](/source/Giacomo_Meyerbeer)'s ''[Le Prophète](/source/Le_Proph%C3%A8te)''.{{sfn|Letellier|2019|page=154}}

==Life and career==
Born in Berlin on 2 November 1865,{{sfn|Dahlhaus| Döhring|1997|page=258}} Marie Goetze was the daughter of a Royal Prussian civil servant.{{sfn|Kutsch| Riemens|2003|page=1771}} Her parents opposed her desire to become an opera singer and she began her training relatively late at the age of 19 when parents' unwillingness relented.{{sfn|Kutsch| Riemens|2003|page=1771}} She was educated in her native city at the [Stern Conservatory](/source/Stern_Conservatory) where studied singing with contralto [Jenny Meyer](/source/Jenny_Meyer).{{sfn|Killy|Vierhaus|1996|page=72}} She then pursued further vocal training with Belgian soprano [Désirée Artôt](/source/D%C3%A9sir%C3%A9e_Art%C3%B4t).{{sfn|Mesa|2015|page=358}}

Goetze's professional opera debut took place at the [Kroll Opera House](/source/Kroll_Opera_House) in Berlin where she performed the part of Azucena in [Giuseppe Verdi](/source/Giuseppe_Verdi)'s ''[Il trovatore](/source/Il_trovatore)'' in 1884.{{sfn|Mesa|2015|page=358}} That same year she became a member of the [Berlin Hofoper](/source/Berlin_Hofoper) where she was in residence for two years.{{sfn|Killy|Vierhaus|1996|page=73}} She left there in 1886 to join the company of the [Hamburg State Opera](/source/Hamburg_State_Opera) (HSO) where she was a principal artist through 1890.{{sfn|Killy|Vierhaus|1996|page=73}} Her first appearance at the HSO was in the title part of [Georges Bizet](/source/Georges_Bizet)'s ''[Carmen](/source/Carmen)''.{{sfn|Kutsch| Riemens|2003|page=1771}} While in Hamburg she married the baritone Josef Ritter (1859-1911) and was briefly billed under her married name Marie Goetze-Ritter (also given as Marie Ritter-Götze).{{sfn|Kutsch| Riemens|2003|page=1771}}

In the 1890-1891 season Goetze was member of the [Metropolitan Opera](/source/Metropolitan_Opera) ("Met) in New York.{{sfn|Killy|Vierhaus|1996|page=73}} She made her debut at the Met on 26 November 1890 as Loretta in the United States premiere of [Alberto Franchetti](/source/Alberto_Franchetti)'s ''[Asrael](/source/Asrael)''.<ref>{{cite news|title=Metropolitan Opera House|work=[The New York Times](/source/The_New_York_Times)|date= December 2, 1890|page= 4}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=''Asrael'' at the Metropolitan. The German Opera Season Opens with an Italian Novelty|work=[The Philadelphia Inquirer](/source/The_Philadelphia_Inquirer)|date= November 28, 1890|page= 7}}</ref> Her other repertoire at the [Metropolitan Opera House](/source/Metropolitan_Opera_House_(39th_Street)) included Bostana in ''[Der Barbier von Bagdad](/source/Der_Barbier_von_Bagdad)'', Brangäne in ''[Tristan und Isolde](/source/Tristan_und_Isolde)'', Fides in ''[Le Prophète](/source/Le_Proph%C3%A8te)'', Fricka in ''[Das Rheingold](/source/Das_Rheingold)'' and ''[Die Walküre](/source/Die_Walk%C3%BCre)'', and Ortrud in ''[Lohengrin](/source/Lohengrin_(opera))''.{{sfn|Kutsch| Riemens|2003|page=1771}} In May 1891 she sang in the inaugural festival that opened the newly built [Carnegie Hall](/source/Carnegie_Hall);{{sfn| Binkowski|2016|page=130}} performing the role of the Angel in Mendelssohn's ''[Elijah](/source/Elijah_(oratorio))'' with the [Oratorio Society of New York](/source/Oratorio_Society_of_New_York), soprano [Antonie Mielke](/source/Antonie_Mielke) as The Widow, and bass [Emil Fischer](/source/Emil_Fischer_(bass)) singing the title part.<ref>{{cite news|title=Amusements: The Music Hall Concerts|work=[The New York Times](/source/The_New_York_Times)|date= May 7, 1891|page= 4 }}</ref>  She also performed the part of Fides as a guest artist at the [Vienna State Opera](/source/Vienna_State_Opera) in 1891. Her other part in Vienna included Amneris in ''[Aida](/source/Aida)''.{{sfn|Mesa|2015|page=358}} 

In 1892 Goetze returned to the [Berlin Hofoper](/source/Berlin_Hofoper) (BH) where she remained until her retirement from the stage in 1920.{{sfn|Letellier|2019|page=154}} She participated in the world premieres of several operas in that theatre; among them [Felix Weingartner](/source/Felix_Weingartner)'s ''Genesius'', Op. 14 (15 November 1892);{{sfn|Kutsch| Riemens|2003|page=1771}} Ernst Frank's ''Hero'' (26 November 1884);{{sfn|Kutsch| Riemens|2003|page=1771}} [Wilhelm Kienzl](/source/Wilhelm_Kienzl)'s ''[Der Evangelimann](/source/Der_Evangelimann)'' (4 May 1895, as Magdalena);{{sfn|Mesa|2015|page=358}} [Albert Lortzing](/source/Albert_Lortzing)'s ''[Regina](/source/Regina_(Lortzing))'' (21 March 1899);{{sfn|Kutsch| Riemens|2003|page=1771}} and [Ferdinand Hummel](/source/Ferdinand_Hummel)'s ''Die Beichte'', op. 69 (1900).{{sfn|Kutsch| Riemens|2003|page=1771}} In 1902 she starred in the Berlin premiere of [Wilhelm Kienzl](/source/Wilhelm_Kienzl)'s ''Heilmar der Narr'',{{sfn|Kutsch| Riemens|2003|page=1771}} and in 1906 she appeared in the BH's first staging of [Richard Strauss](/source/Richard_Strauss)'s ''[Salome](/source/Salome_(opera))'' in the role of Herodias.{{sfn|Mesa|2015|page=358}} She later performed the part of [Clytemnestra](/source/Clytemnestra) in the first performance in Berlin of Strauss's ''[Elektra](/source/Elektra_(opera))'' in 1909. Her repertoire at the BH included several roles in Wagner operas; including Adriano in ''[Rienzi](/source/Rienzi)'', Brangäne, Magdalene in ''[Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg](/source/Die_Meistersinger_von_N%C3%BCrnberg)'', and Ortrud. Other roles she performed included Dalila in ''[Samson et Dalila](/source/Samson_and_Delilah_(opera))'' and Frau Reich in ''[The Merry Wives of Windsor](/source/The_Merry_Wives_of_Windsor_(opera))''.{{sfn|Kutsch| Riemens|2003|page=1771}}

In 1893 Goetze performed in the premiere of Josef Foerster's ''Die Rose von Pontevedra'' at the Ekhof Theatre in [Gotha](/source/Gotha). In May 1896 she performed for the official celebrations in Moscow of the [Coronation of Nicholas II and Alexandra Feodorovna](/source/Coronation_of_Nicholas_II_and_Alexandra_Feodorovna). She appeared often as a guest artist at the [Cologne Opera](/source/Cologne_Opera) from 1899 until the end of her career; doing the same at [Oper Frankfurt](/source/Oper_Frankfurt) from 1900 onwards. She also made guest appearances at the [Deutschen Landestheater](/source/Deutschen_Landestheater), Prague (1901); the [Dresden Hofoper](/source/Dresden_Hofoper) (1907); the [National Theatre Brno](/source/National_Theatre_Brno) (1911); and the [Bavarian State Opera](/source/Bavarian_State_Opera) (1916). In 1910 she performed the parts of Brangäne and Clytemnestra at the [Royal Opera House](/source/Royal_Opera_House), Covent Garden.{{sfn|Wearing|2014|pages=42-43}} She performed on some of the earliest recordings made by the [Gramophone & Typewriter Co](/source/Gramophone_%26_Typewriter_Co) in Berlin in 1901, and also made recordings with Anker Records, [Beka Records](/source/Beka_Records), [Edison Records](/source/Edison_Records), [His Master's Voice](/source/His_Master's_Voice_(British_record_label)), Lyrophon, [Odeon Records](/source/Odeon_Records), and [Pathé Records](/source/Path%C3%A9_Records).{{sfn|Kutsch| Riemens|2003|page=1771}}

Goetze died in Berlin on 18 December 1922.{{sfn|Killy|Vierhaus|1996|page=72}}

==References==
{{reflist}}
===Bibliography===
*{{cite book|title=Opening Carnegie Hall: The Creation and First Performances of America's Premier Concert Stage|first=Carol J.|last= Binkowski|isbn=9780786498727|publisher=[McFarland & Company](/source/McFarland_%26_Company)|year=2016}}
*{{cite book|first1=Carl|last1=Dahlhaus|author-link1=Carl Dahlhaus|author-link2=Sieghart Döhring|first2=Sieghart|last2=Döhring|year=1997|title=Pipers Enzyklopädie des Musiktheaters|chapter=Goetze, Marie|isbn=978-3492039727 }}
*{{cite book|title=Stage By Stage: The Birth of Theatre|first=Philip|last= Freund|year=2003|publisher=[Peter Owen](/source/Peter_Owen_(publisher))|isbn=0720611679}}
*{{cite book|title=Deutsche Biographische Enzyklopädie|editor-last=Killy|editor-first= Walther|editor-last2= Vierhaus|editor-first2= Rudolf|year=1996|publisher=[K. G. Saur Verlag](/source/K._G._Saur_Verlag)|isbn=978-3423590532|chapter=Goetze, Marie|editor1-link=Walther Killy|editor2-link= Rudolf Vierhaus}}
*{{cite encyclopedia|first1= K. J.|last1= Kutsch|author-link1=Karl-Josef Kutsch|first2= Leo|last2= Riemens|encyclopedia=[Grosses Sängerlexikon](/source/Grosses_S%C3%A4ngerlexikon)|publisher=[K. G. Saur Verlag](/source/K._G._Saur_Verlag)|editor-first=Hansjörg|editor-last= Rost|title=Goetze, Marie|year=2003|isbn=9783598440885|author-link2=Leo Riemens}}
*{{cite book|title=Meyerbeer’s Le Prophète: A Parable of Politics, Faith and Transcendence|first= Robert Ignatius|last= Letellier|year=2019|publisher=[Cambridge Scholars Publishing](/source/Cambridge_Scholars_Publishing)|isbn=9781527527188|author-link=Robert Letellier}}
*{{cite book|title= Opera: An Encyclopedia of World Premieres and Significant Performances, Singers, Composers, Librettists, Arias and Conductors, 1597-2000|first=Franklin |last= Mesa|year= 2015|chapter=Götz, Marie|publisher=[McFarland & Company](/source/McFarland_%26_Company)|isbn=9781476605371}}
*{{cite book |year=2014| last = Wearing | first = J. P. |authorlink=J. P. Wearing| title = The London Stage, 1910–1919: A Calendar of Players and Plays | location = New Jersey | publisher = Scarecrow Press | isbn = 978-0-8108-1596-4}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Goetze, Marie}}
Category:1865 births
Category:1922 deaths
Category:German operatic contraltos
Category:Singers from Berlin

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Marie Goetze](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie_Goetze) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie_Goetze?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.