# Maria Schilder

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**Maria Schilder**, née **Hertrich** (4 August 1898 – 30 July 1975) was a German [malacologist](/source/Malacology) and chemist.[1] Along with her husband, [Franz Alfred Schilder](/source/Franz_Alfred_Schilder), she systematized molluscs having produced over 250 scientific papers, most on the living and fossil *[Cypraeidae](/source/Cypraeidae)*, or cowries.[2]

## Life

Maria Hertrich was born on 4 August 1898.[1] She was from Munich.[3] Around 1922 she married Franz Alfred Schilder.[2] They had one daughter Franzisca who died in 1961.[3]

Maria Schilder died 30 July 1975.[1]

## Work

Being initially a chemist, Schilder switched her professional focus to the study of molluscs.[2] Together with her husband, Franz Alfred, Schilder studied the family *Cypraeidae*, the cowries.[4] The Schilders defined areas of [endemism](/source/Endemism) throughout the Indo-West Pacific based on [mollusk](/source/Mollusca) distributions.[5] Along with her husband, Schilder identified geographically distinct races (or [subspecies](/source/Subspecies)) and recognized them [taxonomically](/source/Taxonomy_(biology)).[4]

In *“Revision of the Genus Monetaria (Cypraeidae)”* they researched how [Bergmann's Rule](/source/Bergmann's_rule) applied to east coastal Australia where the shells are smaller in the warmer north.[6] Together the Schilders wrote over 250 scientific papers, most on the living and fossil *Cypraeidae*, or cowries.[2]

After the death of her husband, Schilder published *A Catalog of Living and Fossil Cowries* in 1971*.*[7]

Schilder is honored in the cowry name *[Annepona mariae](/source/Annepona_mariae)* (Schilder, 1927) and her daughter Franzisca is honored in the cowry name *Bistolida hirundo francisca* (Schilder & Schilder, 1938).[3]

## Publications (selection)

- 1930 – *Variationsstatistische studien an Monetaria annulus (Moll. Gastr. Cypraeidae)*
- 1938 – *Prodrome of a monograph on living Cypraeidae*
- 1949 – *Beiträge zur taxonomischen Zoologie*
- 1952 – *Die Kaurischnecke*
- 1954 – *Zahl und Verbreitung der Käfer*
- 1971 – *A catalogue of living and fossil cowries. Taxonomy and bibliography of Triviacea and Cypraeacea*

## References

1. ["Biographical Etymology of Marine Organism Names."](https://web.archive.org/web/20200802141026/https://www.bemon.loven.gu.se/petymol.s.html). *www.bemon.loven.gu.se*. Archived from [the original](https://www.bemon.loven.gu.se/petymol.s.html) on 2020-08-02. Retrieved 2020-05-15.

1. Parenti, Lynne & Ebach, Malte (2009-11-18). [*Comparative Biogeography: Discovering and Classifying Biogeographical Patterns of a Dynamic Earth*](https://books.google.com/books?id=K1GU_1I6bG4C). University of California Press. p. 71. ISBN 978-0-520-94439-8.

1. ["Franz Alfred Schilder | Shellers From the Past and Present"](https://www.conchology.be/?t=9001&id=28096). *www.conchology.be*. Retrieved 2020-05-15.

1. Parenti, Lynne & Ebach, Malte (2009-11-18). [*Comparative Biogeography: Discovering and Classifying Biogeographical Patterns of a Dynamic Earth*](https://books.google.com/books?id=K1GU_1I6bG4C). University of California Press. p. 69. ISBN 978-0-520-94439-8.

1. Williams, David Mervyn & Knapp, Sandra (2010). [*Beyond Cladistics: The Branching of a Paradigm*](https://books.google.com/books?id=aH5B3ifHmuwC). University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-26772-5.

1. Hogendorn, Jan & Johnson, Marion (2003-09-18). [*The Shell Money of the Slave Trade*](https://books.google.com/books?id=Uhq94TIsRQwC). Cambridge University Press. p. 162. ISBN 978-0-521-54110-7.

1. Schilder, Maria & Schilder, Franz Alfred (1971). [*A Catalogue of Living and Fossil Cowries: Taxonomy and Bibliography of Triviacea and Cypraeacea, (Gastropeda Prosebranehia)*](https://books.google.com/books?id=YhcWAQAAIAAJ). Institut royal des sciences naturelles de Belgique, r. Vautier, 31.

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