# Margaret Alva

> Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Margaret_Alva
> Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Margaret_Alva.md
> Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret_Alva
> Source revision: 1353530250
> License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)

Indian politician (born 1942)

Margaret Alva Alva in 2006 17th Governor of Goa In office 12 July 2014 – 5 August 2014 Chief Minister Manohar Parrikar Preceded by Bharat Vir Wanchoo Succeeded by Om Prakash Kohli 23rd Governor of Gujarat In office 7 July 2014 – 15 July 2014 Chief Minister Anandiben Patel Preceded by Kamla Beniwal Succeeded by Om Prakash Kohli 19th Governor of Rajasthan In office 12 May 2012 – 5 August 2014 Chief Minister Ashok Gehlot Vasundhara Raje Preceded by Shivraj Patil Succeeded by Ram Naik (Additional Charge) 4th Governor of Uttarakhand In office 12 August 2011 – 14 May 2012 Chief Minister Ramesh Pokhriyal B. C. Khanduri Vijay Bahuguna Preceded by Banwari Lal Joshi Succeeded by Aziz Qureshi In office 6 August 2009 – 3 July 2011 Chief Minister Ramesh Pokhriyal Preceded by Banwari Lal Joshi Succeeded by Banwari Lal Joshi Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha In office 6 October 1999 — 16 May 2004 Preceded by Anant Kumar Hegde Succeeded by Anant Kumar Hegde Constituency Kanara Minister of State for Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions In office 26 June 1991 – 26 May 1996 Minister of State for Youth Affairs and Sports In office 26 May 1985 – 26 May 1989 Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi Minister of State, Parliamentary Affairs In office 25 July 1984 – 25 July 1985 Prime Minister Indira Gandhi Rajiv Gandhi In office 25 July 1993 – 25 July 1996 Prime Minister P. V. Narasimha Rao Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha In office 25 July 1974–25 July 1998 Constituency Karnataka Personal details Born Margaret Nazareth (1942-04-14) 14 April 1942 (age 84) Mangalore, Madras Presidency, British India (present-day Mangaluru, Karnataka, India) Party Indian National Congress Spouse Niranjan Alva ​ ​ (m. 1964; died 2018)​ [1] Relations Violet Alva (mother-in-law) Joachim Alva (father-in-law) Anuja Chauhan (daughter-in-law) Children 4, including Niret Alva Alma mater Mount Carmel College (B.A.), University Law College, Bangalore (LL.B.) Profession Lawyer

**Margaret Nazareth Alva** (born 14 April 1942) is an Indian lawyer and politician who served as the 17th [Governor of Goa](/source/Governor_of_Goa), 23rd [Governor of Gujarat](/source/Governor_of_Gujarat), 19th [Governor of Rajasthan](/source/Governors_of_Rajasthan) and 4th [Governor of Uttarakhand](/source/Governor_of_Uttarakhand) at various times between 2009 and 2014. She has formerly served as the Cabinet Minister. She took over in Rajasthan from the Punjab governor, [Shivraj Patil](/source/Shivraj_Patil), who had been holding an additional charge of that state. Before being appointed governor, she was a senior figure in the [Indian National Congress](/source/Indian_National_Congress) and was Joint Secretary of the [All India Congress Committee](/source/All_India_Congress_Committee). Her mother-in-law, [Violet Alva](/source/Violet_Alva), was Second [Deputy Chairperson of the Rajya Sabha](/source/Deputy_Chairperson_of_the_Rajya_Sabha) in 1960s.

On 17 July 2022, the [United Progressive Alliance](/source/United_Progressive_Alliance) along with some other non-UPA opposition parties nominated her for the post of [Vice President of India](/source/Vice_President_of_India) in the [2022 election](/source/2022_Indian_vice_presidential_election).[2] But she was defeated by her opponent [Jagdeep Dhankhar](/source/Jagdeep_Dhankhar) by a margin of 346 votes on 6 August 2022.

## Early life

Margaret Nazareth Alva was born Margaret de Nazareth on 14 April 1942,[3] to a [Mangalorean Catholic](/source/Mangalorean_Catholic) family at [Mangalore](/source/Mangalore), in [Karnataka](/source/Karnataka). She obtained a BA degree from [Mount Carmel College, Bangalore](/source/Mount_Carmel_College%2C_Bangalore) and a law degree from [Government Law College](/source/University_Law_College%2C_Bangalore) in the same city.[4] She was a keen and appreciated debater during her time at college and had some involvement in students' movements.[5]

Alva combined her work as an advocate with involvement in welfare organisations, eventually becoming president of the [Young Women's Christian Association](/source/Young_Women's_Christian_Association). One of her early involvements was with the Karuna [non-governmental organisation](/source/Non-governmental_organisation), which she founded and which was focused on issues relating to women and children.[4][6]

On 24 May 1964 she married Niranjan Thomas Alva, whom she had met while they were both students at Government Law College.[5] The couple had one daughter and three sons, the oldest being [Niret Alva](/source/Niret_Alva).[7] Niranjan Alva ran a successful export business, which gave his wife a [financial security](/source/Economic_security) that proved beneficial in her later [career](/source/Career).[4]

## Politics

### Beginnings

Alva's decision to enter politics in 1969 was influenced by her husband's parents, [Joachim Alva](/source/Joachim_Alva) and [Violet Alva](/source/Violet_Alva), both of whom had served [Members of Parliament](/source/Member_of_Parliament) representing the Indian National Congress. She has acknowledged this encouragement, saying that "I never had to face any family constraints on my political activities" and she has also said that the death of Violet in 1969 provided the impetus. She aligned herself with the [Congress (Indira)](/source/Congress_(Indira)) faction led by [Indira Gandhi](/source/Indira_Gandhi) and worked for its state unit in Karnataka.[4][5] She served as Joint Secretary of the All India Congress Committee between 1975 and 1977 and as General Secretary of the Karnataka Pradesh Congress Committee between 1978 and 1980.[3]

### Rajya Sabha

In April 1974, Alva was elected to the Rajya Sabha as a representative of Congress. She served a six-year term and was then re-elected for three more six-year terms, in 1980, 1986, and 1992. During her time in the Rajya Sabha, she was its vice-chairman (1983–85) and also served terms as [Union Minister of State](/source/Union_Minister_of_State) in the ministries for Parliamentary Affairs (1984–85) and for Youth and Sports and Women and Child Development, an arm of the [Ministry of Human Resource Development](/source/Ministry_of_Human_Resource_Development). She also served on various House committees, which garnered her a considerable degree of procedural expertise,[4] and was briefly Minister for Science and Technology.[6]

In her HRD role, between 1985 and 1989,[8] Alva oversaw the [Rajiv Gandhi](/source/Rajiv_Gandhi)-led government's 28-point plan intended to improve the rights and involvement of women and children. In addition, she made proposals for various development corporations for women, only some of which materialised, and also campaigned for a greater prominence of [women in government](/source/Women_in_government) and in her party's official posts. Her 1989 proposal that 33 per cent of seats in [panchayat raj](/source/Panchayat_raj) (local government) elections should be reserved for women became law in 1993 and, according to Laura Jenkins, "marked a further shift from the former abhorrence of reservations as a nationally divisive policy". She continued her efforts to improve the lot of women during her period as Minister of State for Personnel, Public Grievances, Pensions and Parliamentary Affairs (1991 and 1993-96[8]), where she tried to increase the number of female officeholders in various ministries and government organisations, such as the [Union Public Service Commission](/source/Union_Public_Service_Commission) and the judiciary.[4][9]

Alva has also been involved with women's issues and related matters such as population growth on the international stage, notably through various [United Nations](/source/United_Nations) bodies and in writings.[4][10]

### Lok Sabha

Alva was elected to the [13th Lok Sabha](/source/13th_Lok_Sabha) as a [Member of Parliament](/source/Member_of_Parliament) in 1999 for the [Uttara Kannada constituency](/source/Uttara_Kannada_(Lok_Sabha_constituency)), serving a five-year term.[8] She lost a subsequent re-election attempt in the 2004.[11] Between 2004 and 2009, she served as General Secretary of the All India Congress Committee and was an advisor to the Bureau of Parliamentary Studies & Training, a government body that works with newly elected parliamentary representatives at both national and state level.[6]

### Governorships

In November 2008, Alva said that Congress seats for the elections in Karnataka were open to bidders rather than subject to meritocratic appointment. Congress denied her claims and a meeting with the party president, [Sonia Gandhi](/source/Sonia_Gandhi) resulted in Alva resigning or being removed from her numerous official responsibilities in the party.[12] Subsequently, Alva patched up her differences with Congress leadership. She has declined to go into details of the 2008 controversy even as her resignation letter continues to be a subject of media speculation.[13]

On 6 August 2009, Alva became the first female [Governor of Uttarakhand](/source/Governor_of_Uttarakhand). Although she said then that she was enthusiastic about the challenges facing the nascent state, she found herself sidelined outside national politics and frustrated by the [Bharatiya Janata Party](/source/Bharatiya_Janata_Party) state government. She remained in the post until May 2012, at which time she was appointed [Governor of Rajasthan](/source/Governor_of_Rajasthan), which was a more important region in political terms. Of her time in Uttarakhand, Alva said that "The quietude allowed me to recharge my batteries and even spare some time for working on my biography". The autobiography is not expected to appear until after her retirement.[14][15][16]

The move to Rajasthan relieved Shivraj Patil, the [Governor of Punjab](/source/List_of_Governors_of_Punjab_(India)), of his temporary adjunct responsibility for that state which had arisen due to the death of the incumbent governor, [Prabha Rau](/source/Prabha_Rau), in April 2010;[17] on 7 August 2014 she was dismissed by the President of India on the advice of the [Narendra Modi](/source/Narendra_Modi) ministry.

## Electoral performance

This section is [transcluded](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Transclusion) from [2022 Indian vice presidential election](/source/2022_Indian_vice_presidential_election). ([edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2022_Indian_vice_presidential_election&action=edit) | [history](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2022_Indian_vice_presidential_election&action=history))

Results of the Indian vice-presidential election, 2022 Candidate Party (Coalition) Electoral Votes % of Votes Jagdeep Dhankhar BJP (NDA) 528 74.37 Margaret Alva INC (UO) 182 25.63 Total 710 100 Valid Votes 710 Invalid Votes 15 Turnout 725 92.95% Abstentions 55 7.05% Electors 780

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)** ["Niranjan Thomas Alva passes away"](http://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/niranjan-thomas-alva-passes-away-118040700451_1.html). *Business Standard India*. Press Trust of India. 7 April 2018.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** ["Ex-union minister Margaret Alva is Opposition's vice presidential candidate"](https://indianexpress.com/article/india/margaret-alva-opposition-vice-president-candidate-8035019/). *The Indian Express*. 17 July 2022. Retrieved 17 July 2022.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-mem_3-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-mem_3-1) ["Rajya Sabha Members Biographical Sketches 1952 – 2003"](http://rajyasabha.nic.in/rsnew/pre_member/1952_2003/a.pdf) (PDF). Rajya Sabha website.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-secretariat_4-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-secretariat_4-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-secretariat_4-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-secretariat_4-3) [***e***](#cite_ref-secretariat_4-4) [***f***](#cite_ref-secretariat_4-5) [***g***](#cite_ref-secretariat_4-6) Commonwealth Secretariat (1999). [*Women in Politics: Voices from the Commonwealth*](https://books.google.com/books?id=3_7kSP6mH7QC&pg=PA75). Commonwealth Secretariat. pp. 75–77. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [9780850925692](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780850925692).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-vittal_5-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-vittal_5-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-vittal_5-2) Vittal, Gita (2007). [*Reflections: Experiences of a Bureaucrat's Wife*](https://books.google.com/books?id=EgYRwrtyPAIC&pg=PA68). Academic Foundation. pp. 68–69. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [9788171884711](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788171884711).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-rajgovt_6-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-rajgovt_6-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-rajgovt_6-2) ["Hon'ble Governor of Rajasthan: Smt. Margaret Alva"](https://web.archive.org/web/20140225010406/http://rajbhawan.rajasthan.gov.in/SitePages/governer.aspx). Government of Rajasthan. Archived from [the original](http://rajbhawan.rajasthan.gov.in/SitePages/governer.aspx) on 25 February 2014. Retrieved 19 February 2014.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-bi_7-0)** ["Miditech moves on"](http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/miditech-moves-on/190046/). *Business Standard*. 29 September 2004.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-rajass_8-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-rajass_8-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-rajass_8-2) ["Governor of Rajasthan"](http://rajassembly.nic.in/MargaretAlva.htm). Legislative Assembly of Rajasthan. Retrieved 19 February 2014.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-9)** Jenkins, Laura Dudley (1999). ["Competing Inequalities: The Struggle Over Reserved Legislative Seats for Women in India"](https://books.google.com/books?id=YWPGs-KXry4C&pg=PA66). In Boris, Eileen; Janssens, Angelique (eds.). *Complicating Categories: Gender, Class, Race and Ethnicity*. Cambridge University Press. p. 66. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [9780521786416](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780521786416).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-10)** Alva, Margaret (2012). ["India"](https://books.google.com/books?id=9g9Rqa8WXzsC&pg=PT12). In Graham, Kennedy (ed.). *The Planetary Interest*. Routledge. pp. 12, 208. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [9781135358204](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781135358204).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-11)** ["Margaret Alva to be Uttarakhand governor"](https://web.archive.org/web/20160304094125/http://www.timesnow.tv/Margaret-Alva-to-be-Uttarakhand-governor/videoshow/4322547.cms). *The Times of India*. Archived from [the original](http://www.timesnow.tv/Margaret-Alva-to-be-Uttarakhand-governor/videoshow/4322547.cms) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 19 February 2014.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-12)** ["Cong cuts Alva down to size"](http://www.thestatesman.net/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=262855:Cong%20cuts%20Alva%20down%20to%20size&catid=36:india&from_page=search). The Statesman. 13 November 2008. Retrieved 20 January 2010.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-13)** ["My book will reveal why I quit the AICC: Rajasthan Governor Margaret Alva"](https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/margaret-alva-governor-of-rajasthan-ashok-gehlot-rajasthan-170748-2013-07-17). *[India Today](/source/India_Today)*. Living Media India Limited. 18 July 2013. Retrieved 21 August 2013.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-14)** ["Alva sworn in Uttarakhand Governor"](https://web.archive.org/web/20140227205011/http://www.hindu.com/2009/08/07/stories/2009080757450500.htm). *[The Hindu](/source/The_Hindu)*. 7 August 2009. Archived from [the original](http://www.hindu.com/2009/08/07/stories/2009080757450500.htm) on 27 February 2014. Retrieved 19 February 2014.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-15)** ["Wanchoo for Goa, Alva for Rajasthan"](http://www.telegraphindia.com/1120429/jsp/nation/story_15432107.jsp#.UwSFm5itxII). *The Telegraph*. 29 April 2009. Retrieved 19 February 2014.{{[cite news](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_news)}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service ([link](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_deprecated_archival_service))

1. **[^](#cite_ref-16)** Sharma, Neena (10 May 2012). ["Eventful stint that lent charm to Governor's post"](https://www.tribuneindia.com/2012/20120511/dplus.htm). *The Tribune*. Retrieved 19 February 2014.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-17)** ["Margaret Alva sworn in as Rajasthan Governor"](http://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/margaret-alva-sworn-in-as-rajasthan-governor-112051200090_1.html). *Business Standard*. Press Trust of India. 12 May 2012. Retrieved 19 February 2014.

v t e Governors of Gujarat Mehdi Nawaz Jung Nityanand Kanungo P. N. Bhagwati Shriman Narayan P. N. Bhagwati Kambanthodath Vishwanatham Sharda Mukherjee Kizhekethil Chandy Braj Kumar Nehru R. K. Trivedi Mahipal Shastri Sarup Singh Naresh Chandra Krishna Pal Singh Anshuman Singh K. G. Balakrishnan* Sunder Singh Bhandari Kailashpati Mishra Balram Jakhar* Nawal Kishore Sharma S. C. Jamir Kamla Beniwal Margaret Alva* Om Prakash Kohli Acharya Devvrat *Acting

v t e Governors of Uttarakhand Governors Surjit Singh Barnala Sudarshan Agarwal Banwari Lal Joshi Margaret Alva Aziz Qureshi Krishan Kant Paul Baby Rani Maurya Gurmit Singh (incumbent) Official residence Dehradun Nainital

v t e Governors of Rajasthan Man Singh II Gurmukh Nihal Singh Sampurnanand Hukam Singh Jogendra Singh Vedpal Tyagi$ Raghukul Tilak K. D. Sharma$ Om Prakash Mehra Vasantdada Patil Sukhdev Prasad Milap Chand Jain$ D. P. Chattopadhyaya Sarup Singh Marri Chenna Reddy Dhanik Lal Mandal# Bali Ram Bhagat Darbara Singh Navrang Lal Tibrewal$ Anshuman Singh Nirmal Chandra Jain Kailashpati Mishra# Madan Lal Khurana T. V. Rajeswar# Pratibha Patil Akhlaqur Rahman Kidwai# Shilendra Kumar Singh Prabha Rau Shivraj Patil# Margaret Alva Ram Naik Kalyan Singh Kalraj Mishra Haribhau Bagade $ - acting, # - additional charge

Authority control databases International VIAF WorldCat National United States

---
Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Margaret Alva](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret_Alva) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret_Alva?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.