# Manya Reiss

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**Manya Reiss** (also known as Maria Aerova, sometimes spelled Ayerova, Chinese: [马](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E9%A9%AC)[尼](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%B0%BC)[娅](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%A8%85); pinyin: *Mǎníyà*, 1900–1962) was an American [Marxist–Leninist](/source/Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism) and a founding member of the [Communist Party USA](/source/Communist_Party_USA) (CPUSA).[1]: 203

## Biography

Manya Reiss was born in China to a family of [Russian-Jewish](/source/History_of_the_Jews_in_Russia) origin and then immigrated to the United States in 1912.[2] In the United States, she was a garment worker as well as a communist activist.[3] In 1931, she attended the [International Lenin School](/source/International_Lenin_School).[2] After this, she worked for the Eastern Secretariat of the [Comintern](/source/Comintern) and was later sent on missions to Germany and France.[2] She returned to the United States in the late 1930s to work for the propaganda department of the Communist Party USA and to teach at a party school.[2] By 1940, she had returned to Moscow.[2]

In 1957, Reiss moved to China to work for [Xinhua News Agency](/source/Xinhua_News_Agency)[1]: 203 and the Beijing Daily.[4]

When Reiss became ill with cancer, she was visited in the hospital by Zhou Enlai, Chen Yi, and Lu Dingyi.[1]: 203

Reiss died of cancer in Beijing[5] and was buried at the [Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery](/source/Babaoshan_Revolutionary_Cemetery).[1]: 203 Wu Lengxi, director of the [New China News Agency](/source/New_China_News_Agency) and [Sidney Rittenberg](/source/Sidney_Rittenberg) delivered eulogies.[1]: 203 *[People's Daily](/source/People's_Daily)* reported on her death and memorial service.[1]: 203

## References

1. Li, Hongshan (2024). *Fighting on the Cultural Front: U.S.-China Relations in the Cold War*. New York, NY: [Columbia University Press](/source/Columbia_University_Press). ISBN 9780231207058.

1. Harvey Klehr, John Earl Haynes, Kirill Mikhailovich Anderson (1998): The Soviet world of American communism, Yale University Press

1. China reconstructs, Issues 1-12, page 13

1. Mary M. Leder, Laurie Bernstein (2001): My life in Stalinist Russia: an American woman looks back, Indiana University Press

1. [Anne-Marie Brady](/source/Anne-Marie_Brady) (2003): Making the foreign serve China: managing foreigners in the People's Republic, Rowman & Littlefield

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