# Mamga Bay
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{{Short description|Bay in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia}}
{{Infobox body of water
| name= Mamga Bay
| native_name={{native name|ru|Бухта Мамга}}
| other_name=
| image=Shantar1z.png
| caption = Mamga Bay is located in the northwestern part of Tugur Bay, south of the [Shantar Islands](/source/Shantar_Islands)
| pushpin_map = Russia Khabarovsk Krai
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in [Khabarovsk Krai](/source/Khabarovsk_Krai)
| image_bathymetry =
| caption_bathymetry =
| location= [Russian Far East](/source/Russian_Far_East)
| coords= {{coord|54|24|N|136|46|E|region:RU_type:waterbody_source:GNS-enwiki|display=inline, title}}
| rivers=Mamga River
| oceans= [Sea of Okhotsk](/source/Sea_of_Okhotsk)
| countries= [Russia](/source/Russia)
| length={{convert|3|km|abbr=on}}
| width={{convert|8|km|abbr=on}}
| area=
| depth=
| settlements=
}}
'''Mamga Bay''' ({{langx|ru|Бухта Мамга}}, ''Bukhta Mamga'') is a bay in the [Tuguro-Chumikansky District](/source/Tuguro-Chumikansky_District) of [Khabarovsk Krai](/source/Khabarovsk_Krai), [Russian Federation](/source/Russian_Federation).
[Beluga whale](/source/Beluga_whale)s are frequently seen in the bay.[Solovyev, B. A., Shpak, O. V., Glazov, D. M., Rozhnov, V. V., & D. M. Kuznetsova. (2015). "Summer distribution of beluga whales (''Delphinapterus leucas'') in the Sea of Okhotsk". ''Russian J. Theriol.'' 14 (2): 201-215.]
==Geography==
Mamga Bay is a small bay located on the northwestern side of [Tugur Bay](/source/Tugur_Bay). It lies in the northwestern [Sea of Okhotsk](/source/Sea_of_Okhotsk). The bay is open to the south and a small river, the Mamga, flows into it from the west.[{{cite web|url=http://mapcarta.com/16386292|title=Bukhta Mamga|work=Mapcarta|accessdate=15 January 2017}}]
==History==
[New London](/source/New_London%2C_Connecticut) and [Hawaiian](/source/Honolulu) [whaling](/source/whaling) [schooner](/source/schooner)s wintered in Mamga Bay from 1856 to 1862.[''Polynesian'', Honolulu, November 12, 1859, Vol. XVI, No. 28.][''Friend'', Honolulu, November 18, 1861, Vol. X, No. 11, p. 88.] They called it '''Caroline Harbor''',[''Java'', of New Bedford, June 30, 1866, Kendall Whaling Museum (KWM).] after the schooner ''Caroline'' (106 tons[Thrum, T. G. (1909). ''Hawaiian almanac and annual for 1910''. Honolulu, Black & Auld, Printers.]), which was the first to winter there in 1856–1857. The four crew left with her all died of [scurvy](/source/scurvy).[''Whalmen's Shipping List'', New Bedford, December 22, 1857, Vol. XV, No. 41.][Dusseault, Edward. "Recollections of Other Days", ''Ballou's Monthly Magazine'', June 1879, Vol. 49, pp. 556-561.] These schooners acted as [tenders](/source/ship's_tender) to [barque](/source/barque)s, which sent boat crews ahead in the early summer with provisions to cruise for [bowhead whale](/source/bowhead_whale)s with the schooners before the ships were able to work their way through the ice to Tugur Bay.[''Friend'', Honolulu, December 2, 1861, Vol. X, No. 12, p. 96.]
In the summer of 1862 the [Russian-American Company](/source/Russian-American_Company) (RAC) established a whaling station on the tip of the peninsula that forms the eastern side of the bay. Under the command of a Captain Elfsberg of the [Imperial Navy](/source/Imperial_Russian_Navy), the two schooners ''Ayan'' and ''Caroline'' obtained 2,700 bbls of [whale oil](/source/whale_oil) and 31,000 lbs of [whalebone](/source/baleen) between 1863 and 1865. In 1865 the station and one of the schooners, the ''Caroline'', were sold to Otto Wilhelm Lindholm, who operated another station at the head of Tugur Bay. With the ''Caroline'' and another schooner, the ''Hannah Rice'' (160 tons), purchased the following year, Lindholm cruised for bowhead whales in Tugur Bay and in adjacent bays and gulfs.[Lindholm, O. V., Haes, T. A., & Tyrtoff, D. N. (2008). ''Beyond the frontiers of imperial Russia: From the memoirs of Otto W. Lindholm''. Javea, Spain: A. de Haes OWL Publishing.]
Whales were towed to the station, where they were flensed on the beach and their blubber rendered into oil at a tryworks on the point. A chartered vessel from [Nikolayevsk](/source/Nikolayevsk-on-Amur) took aboard the oil and bone at the end of the season to either [Honolulu](/source/Honolulu) or [San Francisco](/source/San_Francisco). Lindholm and his men wintered in the houses abandoned by the RAC, while the schooners were hauled up onto the riverbank at the mouth of the Mamga River to protect them from being damaged by the ice. In 1870 and 1871 he took down two of the houses on the point and loaded them onto one of his schooners and sailed to [Nakhodka](/source/Nakhodka) for the winter, leaving subordinates in command of the station. Lindholm last mentioned using the station for whaling in 1876, when he sent his [steam-brig](/source/Steam_brig) ''Sibir'' to pick up the catch there,[ but it was visited by the ''Sibir'' again in 1879 and 1883.][''Daily Alta California'', San Francisco, December 7, 1879, Vol. XXXI, No. 10,829.][''Northern Light'', of New Bedford, September 25, 1883, GBWL #761.]
[American](/source/United_States) [whaleship](/source/whaler)s visited Mamga to sell goods and receive repairs from ice damage.[''Java'', of New Bedford, June 30-July 1, July 10, Sep. 15-16, 1866, KWM.]
==References==
{{reflist}}
Category:Bays of the Sea of Okhotsk
Category:Bays of Khabarovsk Krai
Category:Whaling stations
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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Mamga Bay](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamga_Bay) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamga_Bay?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.