# Ludwig Winter

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{{Short description|German landscape architect (1846–1912)}}
{{more citations needed|date=January 2010}}
{{Infobox person
|name        = Ludwig Winter
|image       = Ludwig Winter (ca 1905).png
|caption     = Winter in 1905
|birth_date  = {{Birth date|1846|08|09}}
|birth_place = [Heidelberg](/source/Heidelberg), Prussia
|death_date  = {{Death date and age|1912|07|12|1846|08|09|df=y}}
|death_place = [Mannheim](/source/Mannheim), Germany
|known_for   = [Giardini Botanici Hanbury](/source/Giardini_Botanici_Hanbury)
|occupation  = [Botanist](/source/Botanist), [garden designer](/source/garden_designer)
}}

'''Ludwig Winter''' (August 9, 1846 – July 12, 1912) was a German botanist, nurseryman and landscape designer, creator of gardens such as the [Giardini Botanici Hanbury](/source/Giardini_Botanici_Hanbury), noted for introducing tall palms and other foreign species to the Ligurian riviera.<ref>John Dixon Hunt, "The Italian garden: art, design, and culture", 1996 [https://books.google.com/books?id=WtzB3_U63QkC&pg=PA237 page 237]</ref>

==Biography==
Born in [Prussia](/source/Kingdom_of_Prussia), the son of a bookseller, the family moved to [Leipzig](/source/Leipzig) where he studied [botany](/source/botany) and became a gardener at [Erfurt](/source/Erfurt).{{Citation needed|date=January 2010}}

After two years at Erfurt he went to the School of Horticulture in [Potsdam](/source/Potsdam), graduating in Botanics, and then became head gardener at the [Botanical Garden of Poppelsdorf](/source/Botanische_G%C3%A4rten_der_Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universit%C3%A4t_Bonn) near Bonn.{{Citation needed|date=January 2010}} In 1867 he went to the [Paris World Exposition](/source/Exposition_Universelle_(1867)) and settled there, working first as a labourer and then as head gardener in the [Tuileries Garden](/source/Tuileries_Garden).{{Citation needed|date=January 2010}}

As the [Franco-Prussian War](/source/Franco-Prussian_War) approached, the increasingly tense atmosphere in Paris forced Winter to move south via Marseilles and Cannes to [Hyères](/source/Hy%C3%A8res) in the Côte d'Azur, where he worked as a plant illustrator for Charles Huber Freres & Co, a prominent nursery and principal source of novelty plants during that period.<ref>'Die neuen Pflanzen von Ch. Huber Freres & Co. in Hyeres', by D. J. Mabberley 1985 [https://www.jstor.org/pss/1221212]</ref>

In 1869, [Thomas Hanbury](/source/Thomas_Hanbury) began work on his botanical gardens at [Mortola](/source/Giardini_Botanici_Hanbury) and engaged Winter as a botanist. He devoted himself to this garden for five years, importing a wide variety of plants from Australia, New Zealand and California and acclimatising them to Liguria. When the work at Mortola was complete in 1874, Winter moved to [Bordighera](/source/Bordighera) from where he designed and collaborated on many gardens, parks and nurseries on the Ligurian Riviera and the Costa Azzurra, as well as introducing and breeding roses, acacias and other flowers.

In 1875, he created an experimental nursery at [Vallone del Sasso](/source/Vallone_del_Sasso), where he brought a wealth of rare tropical plants including palms, lianas and ficus. He designed beautiful gardens, such as those for the [Empress Eugenie](/source/Empress_Eugenie) at Cap Martin, Prince Hohenlohe in San Remo, the Countess Foucher de Careil in Mentone, Villa Zirio in [San Remo](/source/Sanremo), Villa Bischoffsheim in Bordighera and Borgo Storico Seghetti Panichi in [Ascoli Piceno](/source/Ascoli_Piceno). The most celebrated is the Giardino di Madonna della Ruota, on the road between [Bordighera](/source/Bordighera) and [Ospedaletti](/source/Ospedaletti).<ref>[http://www.bordighera.it/international/english]</ref>

==Gardens and parks==
Five of Winter's gardens survive:
* [Giardini Botanici Hanbury](/source/Giardini_Botanici_Hanbury) at Mortola, [Ventimiglia](/source/Ventimiglia%2C_Italy)
* La Madonna della Ruota, [Bordighera](/source/Bordighera)
* Villa Wilmott, [Imperia](/source/Imperia)
* [Winter Gardens](/source/Winter_Gardens_(Bordighera)), Vallone del Sasso, [Bordighera](/source/Bordighera)
* [Borgo Storico Seghetti Panichi](/source/Borgo_Storico_Seghetti_Panichi), [Ascoli Piceno](/source/Ascoli_Piceno)

== Plant breeding==
Hybrids bred by Winter include
* Acacia x deneufvillei, Acacia x hanburyana, Acacia x siebertiana <ref>[http://www.anbg.gov.au/abrs/online-resources/flora/stddisplay.xsql?pnid=514 Australian National Botanic Gardens]</ref>

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090415143002/http://www.grandigiardini.it/scheda.php?id=94 La Madonna della Ruota]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090429143930/http://www.grandigiardini.it/scheda.php?id=59 Parco Storico Seghetti Panichi]

==Notes==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Winter, Ludwig}}
Category:German landscape architects
Category:1846 births
Category:1912 deaths
Category:Scientists from Heidelberg
Category:19th-century German botanists

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Ludwig Winter](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_Winter) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_Winter?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.