# Left Democratic Front

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Political alliance in India

For other uses, see [Left Democratic Front (disambiguation)](/source/Left_Democratic_Front_(disambiguation)).

Left Democratic Front ഇടതുപക്ഷ ജനാധിപത്യ മുന്നണി Abbreviation LDF Leader Pinarayi Vijayan (Leader of the Opposition) T. P. Ramakrishnan (convenor) Lok Sabha Leader K. Radhakrishnan Rajya Sabha Leader John Brittas Founders P. K. Vasudevan Nair E. M. S. Namboodiripad Founded 1979; 47 years ago (1979) Ideology Socialism[1][2] Marxism[2] Secularism[2] Colours Red Rajya Sabha 6 / 9 Lok Sabha 1 / 20 Kerala Legislative Assembly 35 / 140 Gram Panchayats 338 / 941 Block Panchayat 64 / 152 District Panchayat 7 / 14 Municipalities 28 / 86 Municipal Corporation 1 / 6 Politics of India Political parties Elections

Part of a series on Communism in India People M. N. Roy M. P. T. Acharya Sahajanand Saraswati Shripad Amrit Dange Abani Mukherji Yashpal A. K. Gopalan B. T. Ranadive Nripen Chakraborty P. Krishna Pillai Puran Chand Joshi Damodar Dharmananda Kosambi Bhagat Singh Ajoy Ghosh E. M. S. Namboodiripad S.K. Limaye Promode Dasgupta V. Subbiah Puchalapalli Sundarayya Kondapalli Seetharamaiah Saroj Dutta Jyoti Basu Bhupesh Gupta Hare Krishna Konar Dasarath Deb Harkishan Singh Surjeet Lakshmi Sahgal T. Nagi Reddy Jagjit Singh Lyallpuri Charu Majumdar Indrajit Gupta E. K. Nayanar V. S. Achuthanandan Geeta Mukherjee Mohit Sen A. G. Noorani Biman Bose Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee Pinarayi Vijayan Vinod Mishra Manik Sarkar D. Raja Ganapathy Kobad Ghandy Bikash Ranjan Bhattacharya Sitaram Yechury Anuradha Ghandy Mohammed Salim History Colonial period and partition Communism in the independence movement Conspiracy cases Peshawar Kanpur Bolshevik Meerut Kakori conspiracy Foundation of the CPI Tanka movement Quit India Movement Telangana Rebellion 1946 Naval Uprising Tebhaga movement Punnapra-Vayalar uprising Post-independence and Cold War 2nd Congress of the CPI Goa liberation movement 1957 general election in Kerala Angamaly police firing Sino-Indian border dispute 1964 split in the CPI Historic Eight Documents Naxalite–Maoist insurgency Naxalbari uprising Timeline Left Front Tripura West Bengal Rajan case Operation Barga Left Democratic Front Indravelli massacre Contemporary history Bara massacre Laxmanpur Bathe massacre Maoism in the Nandigram violence Salwa Judum 2013 Naxal attack in Darbha valley Ideologies Marxism–Leninism Maoism Marxism–Leninism–Maoism Stalinism Marxist feminism Marxist humanism National communism Primitive communism Trotskyism Principles Agrarian socialism Anti-fascism Anti-imperialism Class conflict Land reform in Kerala Left-wing nationalism Left-wing populism People's war Proletarian internationalism Revolutionary socialism Welfare Current organisations AIFB TUCC BPI CPI AISF AITUC AIYF BKMU NFIW CPI(M) AIDWA AIKS CITU DYFI SFI CPI (Maoist) KAMS PLGA RYL CPI(ML)L AIKM AISA CPIML ND MCPI(U) AICTU MFB MLPI (Red Flag) NSA RCPI RMPI RSP UCPI Defunct organisations AICP BLPI CIC CC Communist Marxist Party Communist Party of French India Comrades Association CPI (ML) HSRA ICS Lal Communist Party Lal Sena LKPH MCPI WPP Media Deshabhimani Ganashakti LeftWord Books Nava Telangana People's Democracy Prajasakti Qaumi Jang Theekkathir Visalaandhra Related topics Anarchism in India Communism in Kerala Communism in Nepal Communist movements in India Gandhian socialism Inquilab Zindabad Lal Salam List of communist parties in India Red corridor Socialism in India State of socialist orientation Communism portal v t e

The **Left Democratic Front** (**LDF**) is an alliance of [left-wing](/source/Left-wing_politics) political parties led by [Communist Party of India (Marxist)](/source/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist)) in the Indian state of [Kerala](/source/Kerala).[3] It is currently the [official opposition](/source/Official_opposition) in [Kerala Legislative Assembly](/source/Kerala_Legislative_Assembly) since 2026.[4] It is one of the two major political alliances in Kerala, the other being [Indian National Congress](/source/Indian_National_Congress)–led [United Democratic Front](/source/United_Democratic_Front_(Kerala)), each of which has been in power alternately for the last four decades.[5] LDF has won the elections to the [State Legislature of Kerala](/source/Kerala_Legislative_Assembly) in the years [1980](/source/1980_Kerala_Legislative_Assembly_election),[6] [1987](/source/1987_Kerala_Legislative_Assembly_election),[7] [1996](/source/1996_Kerala_Legislative_Assembly_election),[8] [2006](/source/2006_Kerala_Legislative_Assembly_election),[9] [2016](/source/2016_Kerala_Legislative_Assembly_election)[10] and had a historic re-election in [2021](/source/2021_Kerala_Legislative_Assembly_election)[11] where an incumbent government was re-elected for the first time in 40 years.[12] LDF has won 6 out of 10 elections since the formation of the alliance in 1980. The alliance consists of [CPI(M)](/source/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist)), [CPI](/source/Communist_Party_of_India) and various smaller parties.[13]

LDF has been in power in the [State Legislature of Kerala](/source/Kerala_Legislative_Assembly) under [E. K. Nayanar](/source/E._K._Nayanar) (1980–81, 1987–91, 1996–2001),[14] [V. S. Achuthanandan](/source/V._S._Achuthanandan) (2006–11),[15] [Pinarayi Vijayan](/source/Pinarayi_Vijayan) (2016–2026).[16] [E. K. Nayanar](/source/E._K._Nayanar) served as the Chief Minister of Kerala for 11 years and later became the longest serving [Chief Minister of Kerala](/source/Chief_Minister_of_Kerala).[17][18]

The alliance led by [Pinarayi Vijayan](/source/Pinarayi_Vijayan) returned to power in [2016 Assembly Election](/source/2016_Kerala_Legislative_Assembly_election) winning 91 out of 140 seats and further increasing its tally to 99 seats in the [2021 Assembly Election](/source/2021_Kerala_Legislative_Assembly_election). Pinarayi Vijayan became the first [Chief minister of Kerala](/source/Chief_minister_of_Kerala) to be re-elected after completing a full term (five years) in office after a [historic election in 2021](/source/2021_Kerala_Legislative_Assembly_election) where an incumbent government was re-elected for the first time in 40 years.[19][20][21]

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## History

See also: [Communism in Kerala](/source/Communism_in_Kerala)

### Early years (1957–1979)

[1st cabinet ministry](/source/First_Namboodiripad_ministry) of Kerala led by [E. M. S. Namboodiripad](/source/E._M._S._Namboodiripad) (1957)

The political scenario in Kerala (1957–1980) was characterized by continually shifting alliances, party mergers and splits, factionalism within the coalitions and within political parties, and the formation of a numerous splinter groups.[22] [1957 Kerala Legislative Assembly election](/source/1957_Kerala_Legislative_Assembly_election) was the first assembly election in the Indian state of Kerala. The Communist Party of India won the election with 60 seats. The election led to the formation of first democratically elected communist government in India. A [Communist](/source/Communist_Party_of_India)-led government under E. M. S. Namboodiripad resulted from the first elections for the new Kerala Legislative Assembly in 1957, making him the first communist leader in India to head a popularly elected government.[23][24] It was one of the first Communist governments to be democratically elected, after Communist successes in the [1945 elections](/source/1945_San_Marino_general_election) in the [Republic of San Marino](/source/Republic_of_San_Marino), a [microstate in Europe, and the 1946 Czechoslovak elections](/source/European_microstate).[25][26] The coalition politics of Kerala began with [second election](/source/1960_Kerala_Legislative_Assembly_election) held to the state legislative assembly in 1960.[22] The [Communist Party of India (Marxist)](/source/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist)) first came into power in Kerala in 1967, under [Seven party front](/source/United_Front_(1967%E2%80%931969%2C_Kerala)), which was an alliance of CPI(M), [CPI](/source/Communist_Party_of_India), [IUML](/source/Indian_Union_Muslim_League), and four other parties.[27] In 1970's, the major political parties in the state were unified under two major coalitions, one of them led by [Indian National Congress](/source/Indian_National_Congress) and [Communist Party of India](/source/Communist_Party_of_India) and the other by [CPI(M)](/source/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist)).

### Formation of LDF (1979)

In the late 1970s and early 1980s, two main pre-poll political alliances were formed: the Left Democratic Front (LDF), led by the [Communist Party of India (Marxist)](/source/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist)) and [Communist Party of India](/source/Communist_Party_of_India) and the United Democratic Front (UDF), led by the [Indian National Congress](/source/Indian_National_Congress).[22] These pre-poll political alliances of Kerala have stabilized strongly in such a manner that, with rare exceptions, most of the coalition partners stick their loyalty to the respective alliances (Left Democratic Front or United Democratic Front).

### Left Democratic Front (1980–present)

[2nd Nayanar Ministry (1987)](/source/Second_E._K._Nayanar_ministry)

LDF first came into power in [1980 election](/source/1980_Kerala_Legislative_Assembly_election) under the leadership of [E. K. Nayanar](/source/E._K._Nayanar) sworn in as the [Chief Minister of Kerala](/source/Chief_Minister_of_Kerala) on 26 March 1980[28] for the first time in 1980. He formed government with the support of [Congress (A)](/source/Congress_(A)) under [A. K. Antony](/source/A._K._Antony) and [Kerala Congress](/source/Kerala_Congress) under [K. M. Mani](/source/K._M._Mani), Nayanar later became the longest serving [Chief Minister of Kerala](/source/Chief_Minister_of_Kerala), ever since [1980 election](/source/1980_Kerala_Legislative_Assembly_election), the power has been clearly alternating between the two alliances till the [2016](/source/2016_Kerala_Legislative_Assembly_election).[22] LDF has won 6 out of 10 elections since the formation of the alliance in 1980. Since 1980, none of alliances in Kerala has been re-elected till the [2016](/source/2016_Kerala_Legislative_Assembly_election). The [1987](/source/1987_Kerala_Legislative_Assembly_election), [1996](/source/1996_Kerala_Legislative_Assembly_election) elections led [E. K. Nayanar](/source/E._K._Nayanar), and the [2006](/source/2006_Kerala_Legislative_Assembly_election) elections led by [V. S. Achuthanandan](/source/V._S._Achuthanandan) formed governments and completed their full terms but were not re-elected. In 2016, LDF won the [2016 election](/source/2016_Kerala_Legislative_Assembly_election) led by [Pinarayi Vijayan](/source/Pinarayi_Vijayan) and had a historic re-election in [2021 election](/source/2021_Kerala_Legislative_Assembly_election) where an incumbent government was re-elected for first time in 40 years. [Pinarayi Vijayan](/source/Pinarayi_Vijayan) is the first [Chief minister of Kerala](/source/Chief_minister_of_Kerala) to be re-elected after completing a full term (five years) in office.[20]

### List of LDF Conveners

Founders of the LDF

**[E. M. S. Namboodiripad](/source/E._M._S._Namboodiripad)**

**[P. K. Vasudevan Nair](/source/P._K._Vasudevan_Nair)**

**[E. K. Nayanar](/source/E._K._Nayanar)**
Longest serving [Chief minister of Kerala](/source/List_of_chief_ministers_of_Kerala)

No Portrait Name Year 1 P. V. Kunjikannan 1980–1986 2 T. K. Ramakrishnan 1986–1987 3 M. M. Lawrence 1987–1998 4 V. S. Achuthanandan 1998–2001 5 Paloli Mohammed Kutty 2001–2006 6 Vaikom Viswan 2006–2018 7 A. Vijayaraghavan 2018–2022 8 E. P. Jayarajan 2022–2024[29] 9 T. P. Ramakrishnan 2024–present[29]

## Members

Main article: [List of Left Democratic Front (Kerala) members](/source/List_of_Left_Democratic_Front_(Kerala)_members)

### Current members

Left Democratic Front[30][31][32] Party Flag Ideology Kerala Unit Leader Communist Party of India (Marxist) Marxism-Leninism Socialism Secularism Anti-imperialism M. V. Govindan Communist Party of India Marxism-Leninism Socialism Secularism Anti-imperialism Binoy Viswam Kerala Congress (M) Democratic socialism Manism Jose K. Mani Indian Socialist Janata Dal Democratic socialism Mathew T. Thomas Rashtriya Janata Dal Socialism Left-wing populism M. V. Shreyams Kumar Nationalist Congress Party – Sharadchandra Pawar Gandhian socialism Secularism Thomas K. Thomas Kerala Congress (B) Democratic socialism K. B. Ganesh Kumar Indian National League Secularism Social justice Ahamed Devarkovil Congress (Secular) Gandhian socialism Secularism Kadannappalli Ramachandran Janadhipathya Kerala Congress Socialism Antony Raju Revolutionary Socialist Party (Leninist) Revolutionary socialism Kovoor Kunjumon

### Associate Members

**The following are the associate member parties in LDF:**[33]

- [Kerala Congress (Skaria Thomas)](/source/Kerala_Congress_(Skaria_Thomas))

- [National Secular Conference](/source/National_Secular_Conference)

- [Marxist-Leninist Party of India (Red Flag)](/source/Marxist-Leninist_Party_of_India_(Red_Flag))

- [National League](/source/Indian_National_League) led by Abdul Wahab[34]

- [Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam](/source/Dravida_Munnetra_Kazhagam)[35]

## Chief ministers

Main article: [List of chief ministers of Kerala](/source/List_of_chief_ministers_of_Kerala)

### List of chief ministers from Left Democratic Front in Kerala (1980–present)

No[a] Portrait Name[b] Tenure Total Party[c] Ministry 1 E. K. Nayanar (1919–2004) 25 January 1980 20 October 1981 1 year, 268 days 10 years, 353 days Communist Party of India (Marxist) Nayanar I 26 March 1987 24 June 1991 4 years, 90 days Nayanar II 20 May 1996 17 May 2001 4 years, 362 days Nayanar III 2 V. S. Achuthanandan (1923–2025) 18 May 2006 18 May 2011 5 years, 0 days 5 years 0 days Achuthanandan 3 Pinarayi Vijayan (b. 1945) 25 May 2016 19 May 2021 9 years, 358 days 9 years, 358 days Pinarayi I 20 May 2021 18 May 2026 Pinarayi II

### List of chief ministers from parties of Left Democratic Front (1957–1980)

No[d] Portrait Name[e] Tenure Total Party[f] Ministry 1 E. M. S. Namboodiripad (1909–1998) 5 April 1957 31 July 1959 2 years, 117 days 4 years 357 days Communist Party of India Namboodiripad I 6 March 1967 1 November 1969 2 years, 240 days Communist Party of India (Marxist) Namboodiripad II 2 C. Achutha Menon (1913–1991) 1 November 1969 3 August 1970 275 days 7 years, 80 days Communist Party of India Achutha Menon I 4 October 1970 25 March 1977 6 years, 172 days Achutha Menon II 3 P. K. Vasudevan Nair (1926–2005) 29 October 1978 12 October 1979 348 days 348 days Vasudevan Nair

### List of political alliances of Kerala in power (1980–present)

No. Political alliance Total days in governance Number of Chief ministers 1 LDF 9476 days 3 2 UDF R}} days 3

## Electoral history

### Kerala Legislative Assembly elections

Vote share in consecutive Kerala Assembly elections 1982 47.25% 1987 44.97% 1991 45.88% 1996 45.88% 2001 43.70% 2006 48.63% 2011 44.94% 2016 43.48% 2021 45.43% 2026 37.64%

Performance of Left Democratic Front, Kerala in Kerala Assembly elections Election Year Leader Seats won Change Outcome 1980 E. K. Nayanar 93 / 140 New Government, later Opposition 1982 63 / 140 30 Opposition 1987 78 / 140 15 Government 1991 48 / 140 42 Opposition 1996 80 / 140 32 Government 2001 V. S. Achuthanandan 40 / 140 40 Opposition 2006 98 / 140 58 Government 2011 68 / 140 30 Opposition 2016 Pinarayi Vijayan 91 / 140 23 Government 2021 99 / 140 8 Government 2026 35 / 140 64 Opposition

All time-LDF Kerala assembly seat count (For majority=70 seats)

#### Assembly election result by alliance

Election Seats won Ruling Coalition Majority LDF UDF Others 1980 93 46 1 LDF 47 1982 63 77 0 UDF 14 1987 78 61 1 LDF 17 1991 48 90 2 UDF 40 1996 80 59 1 LDF 21 2001 40 99 1 UDF 59 2006 98 42 0 LDF 56 2011 68 72 0 UDF 4 2016 91 47 2 LDF 44 2021 99 41 0 LDF 58 2026 35 102 3 UDF 67

### Indian General Elections (Lok Sabha)

Performance of Left Democratic Front, Kerala in Lok Sabha elections Election Year Legislature Seats won / contested Change in seats Total votes Per. of votes Change in vote % Ref. 1980 7th Lok Sabha 12 / 20 12 N/A N/A N/A [36] 1984 8th Lok Sabha 2 / 20 10 4,607,568 42.24% N/A [37][38] 1989 9th Lok Sabha 3 / 20 1 6,370,627 42.93% 0.70% [39] 1991 10th Lok Sabha 4 / 20 1 6,446,253 44.28% 1.35% [40][41] 1996 11th Lok Sabha 10 / 20 6 6,469,266 44.87% 0.59% [42] 1998 12th Lok Sabha 9 / 20 1 6,628,189 44.55% 0.32% [43] 1999 13th Lok Sabha 9 / 20 6,713,244 43.70% 0.85% [44] 2004 14th Lok Sabha 18 / 20 9 6,962,151 46.15% 2.45% [45] 2009 15th Lok Sabha 4 / 20 14 6,717,418 41.89% 4.26% [46] 2014 16th Lok Sabha 8 / 20 4 7,211,257 40.12% 1.77% [47] 2019 17th Lok Sabha 1 / 20 7 7,156,387 36.29% 3.83% [48] 2024 18th Lok Sabha 1 / 20 6,590,526 33.34% 2.95% [49]

### In Kerala Municipal Corporations

Corporation Election Year Seats won/ Total seats Sitting side Thiruvananthapuram Corporation 2025 29 / 100 Opposition Kozhikode Municipal Corporation 35 / 75 Government Kochi Municipal Corporation 20 / 74 Opposition Kollam Municipal Corporation 16 / 55 Opposition Thrissur Municipal Corporation 11 / 55 Opposition Kannur Municipal Corporation 15 / 55 Opposition

## List of elected members

### Kerala Legislative Assembly

The LDF is the [official opposition](/source/Official_opposition) alliance in the [Kerala Niyamasabha](/source/Kerala_Niyamasabha) which has 35 seats out of the 140.[50]

Map of Kerala showing 2026 State Legislative Assembly Election Results

### Rajya Sabha

Main article: [List of Rajya Sabha members from Kerala](/source/List_of_Rajya_Sabha_members_from_Kerala)

**Keys:**

[CPI(M)](/source/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist)) (3) [CPI](/source/Communist_Party_of_India) (2) [KC(M)](/source/Kerala_Congress_(M)) (1)

# Name[51] Party Term start[52] Term end[52] 1 A. A. Rahim CPI(M) 03-Apr-2022 03-Apr-2028 2 V. Sivadasan CPI(M) 24-Apr-2021 23-Apr-2027 3 John Brittas CPI(M) 24-Apr-2021 23-Apr-2027 4 P. Santhosh Kumar CPI 03-Apr-2022 03-Apr-2028 5 P. P. Suneer CPI 02-Jul-2024 01-Jul-2030 6 Jose K Mani KC(M) 02-Jul-2024 01-Jul-2030

### Lok Sabha

Main article: [List of members of the 18th Lok Sabha](/source/List_of_members_of_the_18th_Lok_Sabha)

[CPI(M)](/source/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist)) (1)

# Constituency Name Party 1 Alathur (SC) K. Radhakrishnan Communist Party of India (Marxist)

## Kerala local body elections

The Left Democratic Front (LDF), who also forms the [state government](/source/First_Vijayan_ministry), won in more than half of all [gram panchayats](/source/Gram_panchayat) and [block panchayats](/source/Block_panchayat), two-thirds of [district panchayats](/source/District_Councils_of_India) and in five out of six [municipal corporations](/source/Municipal_corporation_(India)).

2015 Kerala local elections Local self-government body Local Bodies won Total LDF UDF NDA Others Gram Panchayats 549 365 14 13 941 Block Panchayats 90 61 0 1 152 District Panchayats 7 7 0 0 14 Municipalities 44 41 1 0 87 Corporations 4 2 0 0 6

2020 Kerala local elections Local self-government body Local Bodies in lead Total LDF UDF Others Tie Gram Panchayats 514 321 42 64 941 Block Panchayats 108 38 0 6 152 District Panchayats 11 3 0 0 [g] 14 Municipalities 43 41 2 0 [h] 86 Corporations 5 1 0 0 6

## Political activism

See also: [Political activism in Kerala](/source/Political_activism_in_Kerala)

On 7 December 2011, the LDF organized a 208 km human wall demanding the construction of a new dam in place of the present 115-year leaky dam at Mullapperiyar. The human wall was the second-longest of the kind in Kerala which stretched across two districts.[53]

LDF launched its website ahead of 2011 Kerala Assembly Election.[54]

## See also

- [Communist Party of India (Marxist), Kerala](/source/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist)%2C_Kerala)

- [Communism in Kerala](/source/Communism_in_Kerala)

- [United Front (1967–1969, Kerala)](/source/United_Front_(1967%E2%80%931969%2C_Kerala))

- [Left Front (West Bengal)](/source/Left_Front_(West_Bengal))

- [Politics of Kerala](/source/Politics_of_Kerala)

- [United Democratic Front (Kerala)](/source/United_Democratic_Front_(Kerala))

- [Political parties in Kerala](/source/Political_parties_in_Kerala)

- [List of communist parties in India](/source/List_of_communist_parties_in_India)

## Notes

1. **[^](#cite_ref-36)** A number in parentheses indicates that the incumbent has previously held office

1. **[^](#cite_ref-37)** Year in parentheses indicates life span

1. **[^](#cite_ref-38)** This column only names the chief minister's party. The state government he heads may be a complex coalition of several parties and independents; these are not listed here.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-39)** A number in parentheses indicates that the incumbent has previously held office

1. **[^](#cite_ref-40)** Year in parentheses indicates life span

1. **[^](#cite_ref-41)** This column only names the chief minister's party. The state government he heads may be a complex coalition of several parties and independents; these are not listed here.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-59)** The ties were later resolved, LDF now control 11 and UDF controls 3 district panchayats. Refer Aftermath section

1. **[^](#cite_ref-60)** The ties were later resolved and LDF now control 43 municipalities and UDF controls 41. Refer Aftermath section

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)** ["Socialist Kerala: A very different India"](https://peoplesworld.org/article/socialist-kerala-a-very-different-india/). People's World. 2 November 2009.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-ideology_2-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-ideology_2-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-ideology_2-2) Siyad KV, Muhammed (25 June 2025). ["Kerala's ideological drift: Why LDF–UDF convergence is fueling BJP's rise"](https://maktoobmedia.com/opinion/keralas-ideological-drift-why-ldf-udf-convergence-is-fueling-bjps-rise/). *maktoob media*.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** ["Kerala Is Still the Stronghold of India's Communist Movement"](https://jacobin.com/2025/08/kerala-india-communist-movement-left). Jacobin. 8 November 2025.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** ["Kerala Assembly Election Results 2026"](https://www.news18.com/elections/assembly/kerala/result/). News18. Retrieved 4 May 2026.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** ["Election history of Kerala"](http://www.ceo.kerala.gov.in/electionhistory.html). *CEO Kerala*. Chief Election Officer, Kerala. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20160509200606/http://www.ceo.kerala.gov.in/electionhistory.html) from the original on 9 May 2016. Retrieved 20 May 2021.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** ["Victory of CPI-M–led LDF in Kerala elections manifests swing away from Congress(I)"](https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/states/story/19800215-victory-of-cpi-m-led-ldf-in-kerala-elections-manifests-swing-away-from-congressi-806437-2014-02-10). *India Today*. 15 February 1980. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230513172757/https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/states/story/19800215-victory-of-cpi-m-led-ldf-in-kerala-elections-manifests-swing-away-from-congressi-806437-2014-02-10) from the original on 13 May 2023. Retrieved 20 May 2021.

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## Further reading

- [*Chief Ministers, Ministers, and Leaders of Opposition of Kerala*](http://www.niyamasabha.org/codes/14kla/chief%20ministers,%20ministers,%20leaders%20of%20opposition.pdf) (PDF), [Thiruvananthapuram](/source/Thiruvananthapuram): Secratriat of [Kerala Legislature](/source/Kerala_Legislative_Assembly), 2018

## External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to [Left Democratic Front (Kerala)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Left_Democratic_Front_(Kerala)).

- [Official website for election Results](https://web.archive.org/web/20140513114743/http://trend.kerala.gov.in/)

- [LDF Keralam](http://ldfkeralam.org/)

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Left Democratic Front](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Left_Democratic_Front) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Left_Democratic_Front?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.