# Law code of Vinodol
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{{Short description|Oldest law texts}}
{{infobox document|document_name=Law code of Vinodol|image=HR NSK R 4080 (Vinodol Statute).djvu|date_created=1288|purpose=[code](/source/Code_(law))}}
'''Law code of Vinodol''' or '''Vinodol [statute](/source/statute)''' ({{langx|hr|Vinodolski zakonik}}) is one of the oldest law texts written in the [Chakavian dialect](/source/Chakavian_dialect) of [Croatian](/source/Croatian_language) and is among the oldest Slavic [code](/source/Code_(law))s.[[Russkaya Pravda](/source/Russkaya_Pravda) is the only older code in Slavdom.][{{cite book |last1=Brozyna |first1=Martha A. |title= Gender and Sexuality in the Middle Ages: A Medieval Source Documents Reader
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uGWZ0I6aF7cC&dq=vinodol+oldest&pg=PA115|access-date=2013-10-14 |year=2005 |publisher= McFarland |isbn= 0786420421|page=115 }}][{{cite book |last1=Sedlar |first1=Jean W. |title= East Central Europe in the Middle Ages, 1000-1500 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3o5lrvuwOVwC&dq=second+oldest+vinodol+law+codex&pg=PA436|access-date=2013-10-14 |volume = 3 |year=1994 |publisher= University of Washington Press |isbn= 0295972912|page=436 }}] It was written in the [Glagolitic alphabet](/source/Glagolitic_alphabet). It was originally compiled in 1288 by a commission of 42 members in [Novi Vinodolski](/source/Novi_Vinodolski), a town on the Adriatic Sea coast in [Croatia](/source/Croatia), located south of Crikvenica, Selce and Bribir and north of Senj. However, the code itself is preserved in a 16th-century copy.
== The statute==
A paragraph was set to define the relation between the [duke](/source/duke)s and the [peasantry](/source/peasantry) of the region.[{{cite book |last1=Dvornik |first1=Francis|title= The Slavs in European History and Civilization
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LACpYP-g1y8C&dq=vinodol+statute&pg=PA139|access-date=2013-10-18 |year=1962 |publisher= Rutgers University Press |isbn= 0813507995|page=139 }}] It is the oldest among all Croatian city statutes, which represented an agreement between the people of Vinodol and their new liege lords Frangipani, the [counts of Krk](/source/Principality_of_Krk). It contains important information about the feudal law in this area which had replaced the tribal customs of an earlier period. The Vinodol Statute provides a rare contemporary picture of the life and political conditions in [medieval Europe](/source/Middle_Ages). The oldest regulations concerning public health in western Croatia are preserved within the Vinodol Statute. Today, it is stored in the [National and University Library Zagreb](/source/National_and_University_Library_Zagreb).
The Vinodol Statute confirms status of the Vinodol as an administrative and political center from the 13th century. The text of the statute is preserved as a copy from the 16th century.
== Editions ==
The first printed edition was prepared in 1843 by [Antun Mažuranić](/source/Antun_Ma%C5%BEurani%C4%87) in the third yearly volume of the journal ''[Kolo](/source/Kolo_(journal))''.[{{cite web|url=https://www.nsk.hr/u-povodu-725-obljetnice-vinodolskog-zakonika/|title=U povodu 725. obljetnice Vinodolskog zakonika|date=7 January 2013|work=nsk.hr|publisher=[National and University Library in Zagreb](/source/National_and_University_Library_in_Zagreb)|language=hr|accessdate=15 February 2021|archive-date=28 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200128050742/http://www.nsk.hr/u-povodu-725-obljetnice-vinodolskog-zakonika|url-status=dead}}] [Osip Bodyansky](/source/Osip_Bodyansky) translated it in 1846 to [Russian](/source/Russian_language) and [Anna Mikhailovna Evreinova](/source/Anna_Mikhailovna_Evreinova) edited the 1878 edition in [Saint Petersburg](/source/Saint_Petersburg), with facsimile of the original as well as Latin and Cyrillic transliteration. [Vatroslav Jagić](/source/Vatroslav_Jagi%C4%87) published it in 1880, both the original and a Russian translation with philological and legal commentary. [Wacław Maciejowski](/source/Wac%C5%82aw_Maciejowski) translated it in 1856 to [Polish](/source/Polish_language), [Jules Preux](/source/Jules_Preux) translated it in 1896 to [French](/source/French_language), [Mark Kostrenčić](/source/Mark_Kostren%C4%8Di%C4%87) translated it in 1931 to [German](/source/German_language) and [Lujo Margetić](/source/Lujo_Margeti%C4%87) translated it in 1981/1982 to [Italian](/source/Italian_language), and in 1983 to [English](/source/English_language). [Josip Bratulić](/source/Josip_Bratuli%C4%87) edited the 1988 facsimile edition with commentary and a dictionary.