# Laviniinae > Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Laviniinae > Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Laviniinae.md > Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laviniinae > Source revision: 1355374865 > License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) Subfamily of fishes Laviniinae Temporal range: Late Eocene/Early Oligocene-recent PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Mylopharodon conocephalus Scientific classification Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Actinopterygii Order: Cypriniformes Family: Leuciscidae Subfamily: Laviniinae Bleeker, 1863 Genera See text **Laviniinae** is a [subfamily](/source/Subfamily) of freshwater [ray-finned fishes](/source/Actinopterygii) belonging to the [family](/source/Family_(taxonomy)) [Leuciscidae](/source/Leuciscidae), the family which includes the [daces](/source/Dace), [chubs](/source/Chub), [Eurasian minnows](/source/Phoxinus) and related fishes. Members of this subfamily are known as **western chubs** or the **western clade (WC)** of minnows. As the name suggests, most members of this clade are found in western [North America](/source/North_America) aside from *[Chrosomus](/source/Chrosomus)*, which is found in eastern North America.[1][2] One of the largest North American cypriniforms and the largest member of Leuciscidae, the [Colorado pikeminnow](/source/Colorado_pikeminnow) (*Ptychocheilus lucius*), belongs to this subfamily.[1] Fossil remains of a large minnow presumably related to *[Ptychocheilus](/source/Ptychocheilus)* have been recovered from the [Late Eocene](/source/Priabonian) or [Early Oligocene](/source/Rupelian)-aged deposits of the [Cypress Hills Formation](/source/Cypress_Hills_Formation) in [Saskatchewan](/source/Saskatchewan).[3] ## Genera Laviniinae contains the following genera:[4] - *[Chrosomus](/source/Chrosomus)* [Rafinesque](/source/Constantine_Samuel_Rafinesque), 1820 (redbelly daces) - *[Eremichthys](/source/Eremichthys)* [Hubbs](/source/Carl_Leavitt_Hubbs) & [R. R. Miller](/source/Robert_Rush_Miller), 1948 (desert dace) - †*[Evarra](/source/Evarra)* [Woolman](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Albert_Jefferson_Woolman&action=edit&redlink=1), 1894 (Mexican daces) - *[Gila](/source/Gila_(fish))* [Baird](/source/Spencer_Fullerton_Baird) & Girard, 1853 (western chubs) - *[Hesperoleucus](/source/Hesperoleucus)* [Snyder](/source/John_Otterbein_Snyder), 1913 (California roach) - *[Lavinia](/source/Lavinia_(fish))* [Girard](/source/Charles_Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Girard), 1854 (hitch) - *[Mylopharodon](/source/Mylopharodon)* [Ayres](/source/William_Orville_Ayres), 1855 (hardheads) - *[Orthodon](/source/Orthodon)* Girard, 1856 (Sacramento blackfish) - *[Ptychocheilus](/source/Ptychocheilus)* [Agassiz](/source/Louis_Agassiz), 1855 (pikeminnows) - *[Relictus](/source/Relictus)* Hubbs & R. R. Miller, 1972 (relict dace) - *[Siphateles](/source/Siphateles)* [Cope](/source/Edward_Drinker_Cope), 1883 ## References 1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-:0_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-:0_1-1) Schönhuth, Susana; Vukić, Jasna; Šanda, Radek; Yang, Lei; Mayden, Richard L. (2018-10-01). ["Phylogenetic relationships and classification of the Holarctic family Leuciscidae (Cypriniformes: Cyprinoidei)"](http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1055790317308618). *Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution*. **127**: 781–799. [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[2018MolPE.127..781S](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018MolPE.127..781S). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1016/j.ympev.2018.06.026](https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.ympev.2018.06.026). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [1055-7903](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1055-7903). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [29913311](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29913311). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [49292104](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:49292104). 1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** ["Order CYPRINIFORMES: Family LEUCISCIDAE: Subfamilies LAVINIINAE, PLAGOPTERINAE and POGONICHTHYINAE"](https://web.archive.org/web/20211209190236/http://etyfish.org/cypriniformes16/). *The ETYFish Project*. 2018-10-17. Archived from [the original](http://www.etyfish.org/cypriniformes16/) on 2021-12-09. Retrieved 2020-11-27. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** Divay, Julien D.; Murray, Alison M. (2015-06-23). ["The late Eocene–early Oligocene ichthyofauna from the Eastend area of the Cypress Hills Formation, Saskatchewan, Canada"](https://www.tandfonline.com/action/showCitFormats?doi=10.1080%2F02724634.2014.956877&). *Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology*. **35** (4) e956877. [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[2015JVPal..35E6877D](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015JVPal..35E6877D). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1080/02724634.2014.956877](https://doi.org/10.1080%2F02724634.2014.956877). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [0272-4634](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0272-4634). 1. **[^](#cite_ref-Cof_family_4-0)** Fricke, Ron; [Eschmeyer, William N.](/source/William_N._Eschmeyer) & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). ["Genera in the family Laviniinae"](http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?tbl=genus&family=Laviniinae). *[Catalog of Fishes](/source/Catalog_of_Fishes)*. [California Academy of Sciences](/source/California_Academy_of_Sciences). Retrieved 13 May 2025. Taxon identifiers Laviniinae Wikidata: Q100144507 Wikispecies: Laviniinae NCBI: 2743727 --- Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Laviniinae](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laviniinae) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laviniinae?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.