# Lambert Barnard > Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Lambert_Barnard > Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Lambert_Barnard.md > Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lambert_Barnard > Source revision: 1341846528 > License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) {{Short description|English painter}} {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}} {{Infobox person | image=Barnard Chichester mural.png | caption=Painting by Lambert Barnard for [Chichester Cathedral](/source/Chichester_Cathedral); depicts the event in 686 when [King Cædwalla](/source/C%C3%A6dwalla_of_Wessex) issued a charter confirming the rights and territories previously given to [Wilfrid](/source/Wilfrid) by [King Aethelwealh](/source/%C3%86thelwealh_of_Sussex) and the estate of the Hundred of Pagham. ''Note:'' the man in white looking over the left shoulder of the king is believed to be a self-portrait of Barnard | name = Lambert Barnard | birth_date = c.1485 | death_date = 1567 | other_names = Lambert Bernardi | known_for = painting | notable_works = The Nine Ladies Worthy, The Amberley Panels, The Chichester Cathedral Charter Paintings }} '''Lambert Barnard''', also known as '''Lambert Bernardi''' (c.1485–1567), was an English [Renaissance](/source/The_Renaissance) painter. == Origins and style == Barnard's place of birth is unknown.{{efn|[Mark Antony Lower](/source/Mark_Antony_Lower) suggested that Lambert's father was Theodore Barnardi a Flemish artist of Italian descent, who came to England with his two sons to paint the panels at Chichester cathedral.{{sfn|Lower|1865|page=112}}}}Croft-Murray, 1957, p. 110Tittler, 2011, ODNB All of his extant works can be found in and around [Chichester](/source/Chichester). His son, Anthony Barnard (1514–1619),West Sussex Record Office PAR 36/1/1/1. and grandson, Lambert, and two descendant generations of painters (both also named Lambert) followed his path and remained in the city.Hadfield, A. and Dimmock, M. Art, Literature and Religion in Early Modern Sussex. p. 64 Barnard worked in dry [fresco](/source/fresco) and with oil on board. His style is characterized by the use of rich colours, heavy black outline, and lavish gilding. His work often suffered from heavy over-painting that obscured the delicacy of his hand, but it is still possible to see his knowledge of contemporary European practice. This hints that he might have served an apprenticeship with a Franco/Flemish workshop before c.1513, entering into the service of [Robert Sherborn](/source/Robert_Sherborn), [Bishop of Chichester](/source/Bishop_of_Chichester) from 1508 to 1536. Barnard maintained a small workshop with an apprentice boy, John Foster, and his son, Anthony Barnard, who may also have worked alongside his father in the cathedral on his last commission. Records indicate that in 1533, at Bishop Sherborne's request, the Dean and Chapter of Chichester Cathedral granted Barnard an annual payment in recognition of "his long and good service."Croft-Murray 1957, p. 111 Following the bishop's death in 1536, Barnard remained in his tenement in East Street, Chichester, living on his annuity, occasionally updating his work on the portraits of kings and bishops, and making repairs to other works in the cathedral.Coke, Chichester 2014, p. 4 and 38 == Works == Over the next twenty years in collaboration with the bishop, Barnard executed several works: the foliage and heraldry-themed vaults of Chichester Cathedral (from c.1513);Croft-Murray, 1957, pp. 113-114Coke, Chichester 2014, pp. 7-9Coke, Farnham 2014, pp. 67-68 a domestic wall painting in the Vicar's Close in Chichester;Coke, Chichester 2014, pp. 10-11 a series of "The Nine Ladies Worthy", or "Heroines of Antiquity" referred to as "The Amberley Panels" (c.1526) for one of the bishop's residences, [Amberley Castle](/source/Amberley_Castle);{{efn|During Lambert Barnard's time Amberley Castle was the Bishop of Chichester's Summer Palace.{{sfn|Brownswood Hotels|2019}}Horsfield 1835, pp. 158-159}}Clarkson, SAC 1865, pp. 185–239Clarkson, AJ, 1865 pp. 65–68Croft-Murray, 1957, pp. 118-122Coke, SAC 2007, pp. 137-152Coke, Chichester 2014, pp. 12-16Coke, Farnham,2014, pp. 70-77 the Italianate heraldic ceiling of the Tudor Room of the Bishop's Palace in Chichester (c.1524–1528) Croft-Murray, 1957, p. 114Foster, 2011, pp. 78-83Coke, Chichester 2014, pp. 17-19Coke, Farnham 2014, pp. 78-79 and his most important work, " Chichester Cathedral Charter History Paintings" (1533).Croft-Murray, 1957, pp. 114-118Tudor-Craig 2000, pp. 323-328Woolfson and Lush, 2007, pp. 259–281Coke, Chichester 2011, pp. 146–158Coke, Chichester 2014, pp. 23-37Coke, Farnham 2014, pp. 79-94 This latter is a large scheme originally displayed in the south transept of Chichester Cathedral and depicts its early foundation at Selsey with the West Saxon King Caedwalla{{efn|The West Saxon Cædwalla conquered the South Saxons in AD 686.Kirby. 1992. p. 101}} granting the [See of Selsey](/source/Selsey_Abbey) to St Wilfrid and secondly, its continuation at Chichester showing Henry VIII Confirming to Bishop Sherborn the Royal Protection of Chichester Cathedral. These two conjoined panels are framed above an attached series of roundels of portrait heads of the early kings and queens of England and hang in the south transept. Following the collapse of the cathedral spire in 1861 the rest of the scheme, a 'Catalogus', painted roundels of the Bishops of Selsey and Chichester, was moved to the north transept.{{sfn|Chavasse|2011|pages= 159–166}} In its entirety it also offers a commentary on the historic authority of the Roman [Catholic Church](/source/Catholic_Church) in England and the political events leading up to the changes of [the Reformation](/source/the_Reformation). The recent dating of this scheme in 1533 makes it an original statement hugely important to the history of English art.Coke, Farnham 2014, pp. 61-66 == Other works == Barnard appears to have spent his working life within Chichester and its immediate area. However, around 1532, he was employed by Sherborn's colleague and executor [Thomas West, 9th Baron De La Warr](/source/Thomas_West%2C_9th_Baron_De_La_Warr), to decorate the vaults of nearby [Boxgrove Priory](/source/Boxgrove_Priory) with West's family heraldry;Croft-Murray, 1957, p. 122Coke, Chichester 2014, pp. 20-22 he may also have been the "Mr. Barnard" responsible for supplying a now lost altarpiece of the ''Conception'' for the high altar of St Margaret's Church, Westminster in 1545.Coke, Chichester 2014, p. 38 thumb|center|300px|Lambert Barnard painted the ceiling of Boxgrove Priory, in the nave, with the arms and crests entwined with flowers and foliage, of his patron's Thomas West family {{clear}} There is a copy of [John Lydgate](/source/John_Lydgate)'s "[Troy Book](/source/Troy_Book) and Siege of Thebes" in the [British Library](/source/British_Library).Lydgate et al, Royal MS 18 D II, 1457-c.1530 The book was originally made for [Sir William Herbert, 1st Earl of Pembroke](/source/William_Herbert%2C_1st_Earl_of_Pembroke_(died_1469)), at some time before 1462, and partially illustrated with eight miniatures. The decoration was completed, between 1516 and 1523, with a further seventeen miniatures that have been attributed to Barnard. However the evidence for this has been inconclusive, with the antiquarian [Edward Croft-Murray](/source/Edward_Croft-Murray) describing any connection as "very tentative".Croft-Murray, 1957, pp. 123-124 As English paintings of the early sixteenth century that were produced outside the ambiance of the royal court, Lambert Barnard's surviving work is rare and should be seen as an important indicator of English regional painting of that time.Croft-Murray, 1957, p. 125 ==Notes== {{notelist}} ==References== {{reflist}} ==Sources== * {{Cite web|author=Brownswood Hotels|title=Amberley Castle, 900 years of history in brief|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190224002024/https://www.amberleycastle.co.uk/uploads/Documents/13.pdf?d=20181107231439|url=https://amberleycastle.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2026/01/Amberley-Castle-History-2022-A4-4pp-D.pdf|archive-date=24 February 2019|url-status=live|access-date=23 February 2019|publisher=Brownsword Hotels|year=2019}} * {{Cite journal|last=Chavasse|first= Ruth|title=The Bishop's Portrait Medallions in their Renaissance and Reformation Context: A Note on Episcopal Authority as Interpreted by Bishop Sherborn and Lambert Barnard| editor-first1=Paul|editor-last1= Foster|editor-first2=Rachel|editor-last2= Moriarty|series=Chichester—The Palace and its Bishops|journal= Otter Memorial Paper|volume= 27|publisher=University of Chichester|year= 2011|isbn= 978-1-907-85203-9}} * {{Cite journal|last=Clarkson|first= Rev. George Arthur|title=Notes on Amberley it's Castle, Church etc.|journal=Sussex Archaeological Collections|volume= 17|location=Lewes| publisher=Sussex Archaeological Society| year=1865}} * {{Cite journal|last=Clarkson|first= Rev. George Arthur|title=A Series of Paintings in Amberley Castle|journal=Archaeological Journal|volume= 22|location=London| year=1865|doi=10.5284/1018054}} * {{Cite journal|last=Coke|first= Karen|title=The Amberley Castle Panels and a Drawing by William Henry Brooke|journal= Sussex Archaeological Collections|volume= 145|location=Lewes|publisher=Sussex Archaeological Society|year=2007|url=https://archaeologydataservice.ac.uk/archiveDS/archiveDownload?t=arch-285-1/dissemination/pdf/vol_145/07Coke.pdf|doi=10.5284/1000334}} * {{Cite journal|last=Coke|first= Karen|title= Bishop Robert Sherburne and Lambert Barnard: an English response to Italian pictorial practice?|editor-first1= Paul|editor-last1= Foster|editor-first2=Rachel|editor-last2= Moriarty|series=Chichester—The Palace and its Bishops|journal=Otter Memorial Paper|volume= 27|publisher=University of Chichester|year=2011|isbn= 978-1-907-85203-9}} * {{Cite journal|last=Coke|first= Karen| title=Lambert Barnard Bishop Sherborn's 'Paynter'|editor-first1=M.|editor-last1= Dimmock| editor-first2=A.|editor-last2= Hadfield|editor-first3=p. |editor-last3= Quinn|journal=Art, Literature and Religion in Early Modern Sussex: Culture and Conflict|location=Farnham|publisher= Ashgate Publishing|year= 2014|isbn= 978-1-40945-703-9}} * {{Citation|last=Coke|first= Karen|title= Lambert Barnard, Chichester's Tudor Painter|publisher= Dean And Chapter of Chichester Cathedral|location=Chichester|year= 2014|isbn=978-0-992-87140-6}} * {{Cite journal|author-link=Edward Croft-Murray|last= Croft-Murray|first= Edward|title=Lambert Barnard: An English Early Renaissance Painter'|journal= Archaeological Journal| volume= 113|year=1957|pages= 108–125|doi= 10.1080/00665983.1956.10854106}} * {{Cite journal|last=Foster|first= Paul|series= Chichester—The Palace and its Bishops|title= The Tudor Room Heraldic Ceiling| editor-first1= Paul|editor-last1= Foster|editor-first2=Rachel|editor-last2= Moriarty|journal= Otter Memorial Paper|volume= 27|publisher=University of Chichester|year=2011|isbn= 978-1-907-85203-9}} * {{Cite book|last1=Hadfield|first1=Andrew|last2=Dimmock|first2=Matthew|title=Art, Literature and Religion in Early Modern Sussex: Culture and Conflict|publisher=Taylor & Francis|year=2016|isbn=978-1-317-17839-2}} * {{Citation |last=Horsfield |first=Thomas Walker |year=1835 |title=The History, Antiquities and Topography of the County of Sussex|volume= II |author-link=Thomas Walker Horsfield|publisher=Sussex Press|location=Lewes|oclc=24139360}} * {{Citation |last=Kirby |first=D.|title=The Earliest English Kings |year=1992 |location=London |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-09086-5 }} * {{Cite book|last=Lower|first=Mark Antony|title=The Worthies of Sussex|publisher=Sussex Advertiser|location=Lewes|year=1865|oclc=249704190}} * {{Cite web|first1=John|last1=Lydgate|first2=Troy|last2=Brook|first3=William|last3=Cornish|first4=John|last4=Skelton|first5=William|last5=Peer|display-authors=etal|title=Royal MS 18 D 11|series=Digitised Manuscripts|url=http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Royal_MS_18_D_II|publisher=British Library|location=London|access-date=23 February 2019|date=1457–1530}} * {{Cite ODNB|last=Tittler|first=Robert|title=Barnard, Lambert (d. 1567/8), painter and calligrapher |publisher=Oxford University Press|url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/search?q=lambert+barnard&searchBtn=Search&isQuickSearch=true|year= 2011}} * {{Citation|last=Tudor-Craig|first=Pamela|title= Iconography of the Painting|editor-first=Martin|editor-last=Biddle|series=King Arthur’s Round Table|publisher=The Boydell Press|location=Woodbridge, Suffolk|year=2000|isbn= 978-0-85115-626-2}} * {{Cite journal|last1=Woolfson|first1= Jonathan|last2= Lush|first2= Deborah|title=Lambert Barnard in Chichester Cathedral: Ecclesiastical Politics and the Tudor Royal Image|journal=Antiquaries Journal| volume= 87| year=2007|pages= 259–280|doi= 10.1017/S0003581500000913|s2cid= 154913240}} ==Further reading== * {{Cite journal|last=Planché|first= J. R.|title= The Nine Worthies of the World: An Illustration of the Paintings in Amberley Castle'|journal=Journal of the British Archaeological Association|year=1864|volume= 20|issue= 4|pages= 315–324|doi=10.1080/00681288.1864.11887102}} * {{Cite journal|last=Steer|first= Francis W.| title=The Heraldic Ceiling at the Bishop's Palace, Chichester|journal= Chichester Papers|volume=10|publisher=Chichester City Council|year=1958|issn=0577-7372}} * {{Cite journal|last=Steer|first= Francis W.| title=Robert Sherburne Bishop of Chichester: Some Aspects of his Life Reconsidered|journal= Chichester Papers|volume=16|publisher=Chichester City Council|year=1960}} {{Commons category}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Barnard, Lambert}} Category:1480s births Category:1576 deaths Category:16th-century English painters Category:English male painters Category:People from Chichester --- Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Lambert Barnard](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lambert_Barnard) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lambert_Barnard?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.