# Lachine, Quebec

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**Lachine** (laʃin) is a [borough](/source/Borough) (*[arrondissement](/source/Arrondissement)*) within the city of [Montreal](/source/Montreal) on the [Island of Montreal](/source/Island_of_Montreal) in southwestern [Quebec](/source/Quebec), Canada.

It was founded as a trading post in 1669. Developing into a parish and then an autonomous city, it was [merged as a municipality into Montreal](/source/Montreal_merger) in 2002.

## History

The first [seigniory](/source/Seigniory), C��te-Saint-Sulpice, was granted to the explorer and fur trader [René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle](/source/Ren%C3%A9-Robert_Cavelier,_Sieur_de_La_Salle) in 1667, with the first French settlers arriving at the beginning of 1669. A trading post was established and then fortified under the name of Fort Rolland. This bastion became an important place for the fur trade.[citation needed]

On August 4, 1689, more than 1500 [Mohawk](/source/Mohawk_Nation) warriors raided the small village and burned it to the ground in retaliation for the ravaging of the [Seneca](/source/Seneca_tribe) lands, which the [governor of New France](/source/Governor_of_New_France), the [Marquis de Denonville](/source/Marquis_de_Denonville), was accused of having committed. Some estimates suggest that during the [Lachine massacre](/source/Lachine_massacre) approximately 200 settlers were killed, while a further 120 were taken captive.[2]

Lachine was [incorporated](/source/Municipal_corporation) as a village in 1848. It became a town in 1872 and a city in 1909.[3] In 1912, it annexed the neighbouring Town of Summerlea, itself founded in 1895.[4] It merged with the town of [Saint-Pierre](/source/Ville_Saint-Pierre) in 1999, and the combined municipality [merged into Montreal](/source/Montreal_merger) on January 1, 2002. Lachine's logo during its municipality days is still in use today.[citation needed]

## Etymology

Lachine, apparently from the French term *la Chine* for [China](/source/China), is often said to have been named in 1667, in mockery of its then owner [René-Robert Cavelier de La Salle](/source/Ren%C3%A9-Robert_Cavelier,_Sieur_de_La_Salle), who explored the interior of North America trying to find a passage to China. When he returned without success, he and his men were derisively named *les Chinois* (the Chinese). The name was adopted when the parish of Saints-Anges-de-la-Chine was created in 1676,[5] with the form "Lachine" appearing with the opening of a post office in 1829.[6]

An alternative etymology attributes the name to the famous French explorer [Samuel de Champlain](/source/Samuel_de_Champlain), who also hoped to find a passage from the [Saint Lawrence River](/source/Saint_Lawrence_River) to China. According to this version, in 1618 Champlain proposed that a customs house would tax the trade goods from China passing this point, hence the name Lachine.[7]

## Geography

The borough is located in the southwest portion of the [island of Montreal](/source/Island_of_Montreal), at the inlet of the [Lachine Canal](/source/Lachine_Canal), between the borough of [LaSalle](/source/LaSalle,_Quebec) and the city of [Dorval](/source/Dorval). It was a separate city until the [municipal mergers](/source/Montreal_merger) on January 1, 2002, and it did not demerge on January 1, 2006.[8]

The borough is bordered to the northwest by the city of [Dorval](/source/Dorval), to the northeast by [Saint-Laurent](/source/Saint-Laurent,_Quebec), to the east by [Côte Saint-Luc](/source/C%C3%B4te_Saint-Luc), [Montreal West](/source/Montreal_West,_Quebec) and a narrow salient of [Le Sud-Ouest](/source/Le_Sud-Ouest), and to the south by [LaSalle](/source/LaSalle,_Quebec). Its western limit is the shore of [Lake Saint-Louis](/source/Lake_Saint-Louis) and the [Saint Lawrence River](/source/Saint_Lawrence_River).

It has an area of 17.83 km2 (7 sq. mi.) and a population of 44,489 per the 2016 Canadian Census.

## Demographics

Historical populations Year Pop. ±% 1966 50,221 — 1971 51,220 +2.0% 1976 47,542 −7.2% 1981 42,826 −9.9% 1986 39,850 −6.9% 1991 40,233 +1.0% 1996 39,910 −0.8% 2001 40,222 +0.8% 2006 41,391 +2.9% 2011 41,616 +0.5% 2016 44,489 +6.9%

[9]

Home language (2016) Language Population Percentage (%) French 23,750 60% English 11,880 29% Non-official language only 4,555 11%

Mother tongue (2016) Language Population Percentage (%) French 23,320 56% English 9,700 24% Non-official language only 8,275 20%

Visible minorities (2016) Ethnicity Population Percentage (%) Not a visible minority 32,250 75.9% Visible minorities 10,255 24.1%

## Government

### Municipal government

As of the [November 7, 2021 Montreal election](/source/2021_Montreal_municipal_election), the current borough council consists of the following members:

District Position Name Party — Borough mayor City councillor Maja Vodanovic Projet Montréal — City councillor Vicki Grondin Projet Montréal Du Canal Borough councillor Micheline Rouleau Projet Montréal Fort-Rolland Borough councillor Michèle Flannery Projet Montréal J.-Émery-Provost Borough councillor Younes Boukala Projet Montréal

### Federal and provincial districts

The entire borough is located within the federal riding of [Dorval-Lachine-LaSalle](/source/Dorval-Lachine-LaSalle), and within the provincial electoral district of [Marquette](/source/Marquette_(provincial_electoral_district)).

## Infrastructure

[Autoroute 20](/source/Quebec_Autoroute_20) passes through Lachine, which is also served by the [Lachine](/source/Lachine_(AMT)) commuter train station.

Most noticeable of Lachine's features is the [Lachine Canal](/source/Lachine_Canal) and its recreational facilities, including the [Lachine Canal National Historic Site](/source/Lachine_Canal_National_Historic_Site). Around the canal's inlet, in the southern part of the borough, are located [The Fur Trade at Lachine National Historic Site](/source/The_Fur_Trade_at_Lachine_National_Historic_Site), [René Lévesque](/source/Ren%C3%A9_L%C3%A9vesque) Park (on a long peninsula extending into [Lac Saint-Louis](/source/Lac_Saint-Louis)), and the [Musée de Lachine](/source/Mus%C3%A9e_de_Lachine), which has collections of modern [outdoor sculpture](/source/Public_art) both on its own grounds, in [René-Lévesque Park](/source/Ren%C3%A9-L%C3%A9vesque_Park), and in other sites throughout the borough. Other historic buildings are also located near the canal's inlet.

## Parks

A memorial to [Air India Flight 182](/source/Air_India_Flight_182) is located in Monk Island, in Lachine. It was inaugurated in 2010.[10]

## Education

### Primary and secondary schools

The *[Commission scolaire Marguerite-Bourgeoys](/source/Commission_scolaire_Marguerite-Bourgeoys)* operates Francophone public schools.[11]

Adult schools include:

- *Centre d'éducation des adultes de LaSalle*, *Édifice Boileau*

Professional development centres include:

- *Centre de formation professionnelle de Lachine* (CFP), *Édifice Dalbé-Viau* and *Édifice de la Rive*

Secondary schools include:

- *[École secondaire Dalbé-Viau](/source/%C3%89cole_secondaire_Dalb%C3%A9-Viau)*
- *[Collège Saint-Louis](https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coll%C3%A8ge_Saint-Louis_(Montr%C3%A9al))*
- *College Sainte-Anne de Lachine*

Primary schools include:

- *École Primaire Catherine-Soumillard*
- *École Primaire Victor Therrien*[12]

- *École Primaire des Berges-de-Lachine*
- *École Primaire Jardin-des-Saints-Anges*
- *École Primaire Martin-Bélanger*
- *École Primaire Paul-Jarry*
- *École Primaire Philippe-Morin*
- *École Primaire Très-Saint-Sacrement*

The [Lester B. Pearson School Board](/source/Lester_B._Pearson_School_Board) (LBPSB) operates Anglophone public schools.

- [Lakeside Academy](/source/Lakeside_Academy_(Lachine)) (a merger of [Lachine High School](/source/Lachine_High_School) and [Bishop Whelan High School](/source/Bishop_Whelan_High_School))
- Maple Grove Elementary School in Lachine, a merger of the Meadowbrook School in Lachine and the Bishop-Whelan School in [Dorval](/source/Dorval,_Quebec), opened in August 2010[13]
- A portion is zoned to LaSalle Elementary Junior and Senior Campus in [LaSalle](/source/LaSalle,_Quebec)[14]
- The Pearson Electrotechnology Centre (PEC; *Centre d'électrotechnologie Pearson*), a public vocational school of the LBPSB, is in Lachine.[15]

### Public libraries

The [Montreal Public Libraries Network](/source/Montreal_Public_Libraries_Network) operates the Saint-Pierre Branch and the Saul-Bellow Branch in Lachine.[16]

## Notable residents

- [Jean-Louis Besnard](/source/Jean-Louis_Besnard) (dit Carignant) (1734–1791), merchant trader
- [Saul Bellow](/source/Saul_Bellow) (1915–2005), author
- [M. Wylie Blanchet](/source/M._Wylie_Blanchet) (1891–1961), [travel writer](/source/Travel_literature), was raised in Lachine[17]: 13
- [Tim Harkness](/source/Tim_Harkness) (1937), baseball player for the [New York Mets](/source/New_York_Mets)
- [Enock Makonzo](/source/Enock_Makonzo) (1997), football player for the [Edmonton Elks](/source/Edmonton_Elks)
- [Victor Malarek](/source/Victor_Malarek) (1948-), journalist, broadcaster, novelist, investigative reporter
- [Michael E. Rose](/source/Michael_E._Rose) (1954–), journalist, broadcaster, novelist, playwright
- [Shmuel Schecter](/source/Shmuel_Schecter) (1915–2000), rabbi and [Torah](/source/Torah) educator

## See also

- [Montreal Merger](/source/Montreal_Merger)
- [List of former cities in Quebec](/source/List_of_former_municipalities_in_Quebec)
- [Municipal reorganization in Quebec](/source/Municipal_reorganization_in_Quebec)
- [Lachine Canal](/source/Lachine_Canal) opened in 1825.

## References

1. ["Official Transport Quebec Road Map"](http://www.quebec511.gouv.qc.ca/fr/carte_routiere/). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20110224075355/http://www.quebec511.gouv.qc.ca/fr/carte%5Froutiere/) 2011-02-24 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 2009-03-28.

1. Winsor, Justin (1884). *Narrative and critical history of America*. [\[1\]](https://archive.org/details/narrativecritica42wins/page/350): Boston : Houghton, Mifflin. p. 350.

1. [Lachine's first city hall](http://montreal-history.com/resource/3474) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20200323024411/http://montreal-history.com/resource/3474) 2020-03-23 at the Wayback Machine (click on "Read More" at bottom)

1. Fougères, Dany & Shaffer, Valérie (2018). ["An Undivided Island: Domination at the Dawn of a New Era"](https://books.google.com/books?id=8JNNDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA435). *Montreal: The History of a North American City*. Fougères, D. & MacLeod, R. (eds.). McGill-Queen's University Press. pp. 435, 437. ISBN 978-0-7735-5128-2. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230805045708/https://books.google.com/books?id=8JNNDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA435) 2023-08-05 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 2022-02-05.

1. ["*Site archéologique de l'Église-des-Saints-Anges-de-Lachine*"](http://www.patrimoine-culturel.gouv.qc.ca/rpcq/detail.do?methode=consulter&id=95504&type=bien#.XnWK_oyJKpo). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20211206233108/https://www.patrimoine-culturel.gouv.qc.ca/rpcq/detail.do?methode=consulter&id=95504&type=bien#.XnWK_oyJKpo) 2021-12-06 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 2020-03-21.

1. ["Commission de toponymie du Québec - Lachine (Ville)"](https://web.archive.org/web/20150525185041/http://www.toponymie.gouv.qc.ca/ct/topos/odo.asp?Speci=98645). Archived from [the original](http://www.toponymie.gouv.qc.ca/ct/topos/odo.asp?Speci=98645) on 2015-05-25. Retrieved 2008-04-16.

1. Brook, Timothy (2007). [*Vermeer's Hat: The Seventeenth Century and the Dawn of the Global World*](https://archive.org/details/vermeershatseven0000broo/page/46). London: Bloomsbury Press. p. [46](https://archive.org/details/vermeershatseven0000broo/page/46). ISBN 978-1-59691-444-5.

1. ["Musée de Lachine"](http://ville.montreal.qc.ca/portal/page?_pageid=3156,3575643&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL). 10 May 2023. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20110522214303/http://ville.montreal.qc.ca/portal/page?_pageid=3156,3575643&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL) 22 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 16 October 2006.

1. ["Ville de Montréal - Montréal en statistiques - Lachine"](http://ville.montreal.qc.ca/portal/page?_pageid=6897,68087638&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20151006190102/http://ville.montreal.qc.ca/portal/page?_pageid=6897,68087638&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL) 2015-10-06 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 2015-11-02.

1. "[Memorial to victims of Air India bombing inaugurated in Lachine](http://montreal.ctvnews.ca/memorial-to-victims-of-air-india-bombing-inaugurated-in-lachine-1.582413) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20141209215101/http://montreal.ctvnews.ca/memorial-to-victims-of-air-india-bombing-inaugurated-in-lachine-1.582413) 2014-12-09 at the Wayback Machine." *[CTV](/source/CTV_(Canada)) Montreal*. Sunday December 5, 2010. Retrieved on December 7, 2014.

1. "[ÉCOLES ET CENTRES](http://www.csmb.qc.ca/fr-CA/recherche-etablissement.aspx) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20141203094019/http://www.csmb.qc.ca/fr-CA/recherche-etablissement.aspx) 2014-12-03 at the Wayback Machine." *[Commission Scolaire Marguerite-Bourgeoys](/source/Commission_Scolaire_Marguerite-Bourgeoys)*. Retrieved on December 7, 2014.

1. ["*École Primaire Victor Therrien*"](https://web.archive.org/web/20160630012916/http://www3.csmb.qc.ca/ecoles/victor-therien/Accueil/tabid/5863/Default.aspx). Archived from [the original](http://www3.csmb.qc.ca/ecoles/victor-therien/Accueil/tabid/5863/Default.aspx) on 2016-06-30. Retrieved 2016-06-17.

1. "[Home](http://maplegrove.lbpsb.qc.ca/) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20141211114448/http://maplegrove.lbpsb.qc.ca/) 2014-12-11 at the Wayback Machine." Maple Grove Elementary School. Retrieved on December 7, 2014.

1. "[School Board Map](http://www.lbpsb.qc.ca/content/CSLBP_Carte_2016_v06.pdf) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20170921001425/http://www.lbpsb.qc.ca/content/CSLBP_Carte_2016_v06.pdf) 2017-09-21 at the Wayback Machine." [Lester B. Pearson School Board](/source/Lester_B._Pearson_School_Board). Retrieved on September 28, 2017.

1. "[Home](http://pec.lbpsb.qc.ca/) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20141111180232/http://pec.lbpsb.qc.ca/) 2014-11-11 at the Wayback Machine." Pearson Electrotechnology Centre. Retrieved on December 7, 2014.

1. "[Les bibliothèques par arrondissement](http://ville.montreal.qc.ca/portal/page?_pageid=4276,6695558&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20170606145313/http://ville.montreal.qc.ca/portal/page?_pageid=4276,6695558&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL) 2017-06-06 at the Wayback Machine." [Montreal Public Libraries Network](/source/Montreal_Public_Libraries_Network). Retrieved on December 7, 2014.

1. Converse, Cathy (2018 [2008]). *Following the Curve of Time: The Untold Story of Capi Blanchet* (Book). 2nd ed. Horsdal, Marlyn (ed.). TouchWood Editions. ISBN 978-1-77151-296-1.

## External links

- [Borough website](http://ville.montreal.qc.ca/pls/portal/url/page/arr_lach_en/accueil)

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Lachine, Quebec](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lachine%2C_Quebec) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lachine%2C_Quebec?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.