# LT&SR 1 Class

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The **London, Tilbury and Southend Railway 1 class** was a class of [4-4-2T](/source/4-4-2T) suburban tank engines. Thirty-six were built between 1880–1892, by [Sharp, Stewart and Company](/source/Sharp,_Stewart_and_Company) and [Nasmyth, Wilson and Company](/source/Nasmyth,_Wilson_and_Company). They were the first locomotives owned by the [London, Tilbury and Southend Railway](/source/London,_Tilbury_and_Southend_Railway) and were the first 4-4-2T locomotives to operate in Britain.

## Background

Prior to 3 July 1880, all train services on the [London, Tilbury and Southend Railway](/source/London,_Tilbury_and_Southend_Railway) (LT&SR) had been run by the [Great Eastern Railway](/source/Great_Eastern_Railway) (GER) under contract. An injunction prevented the GER from building locomotives for the LT&SR after this date. The railway therefore approached [William Adams](/source/William_Adams_(locomotive_engineer)), a former locomotive superintendent of the GER, then working for the [London and South Western Railway](/source/London_and_South_Western_Railway) who supervised the new design which was officially ascribed to [Thomas Whitelegg](/source/Thomas_Whitelegg).[1]

## Design

The design was based on William Adams's [46 class](/source/LSWR_46_class) [4-4-0](/source/4-4-0)T but with 6 ft 1 in (1.854 m) driving wheels and an extended coal bunker supported by a [radial axle](/source/Radial_axle) making them the first [4-4-2 tanks](/source/4-4-2T) to be used in the United Kingdom.

Eighteen locomotives were built by [Sharp, Stewart and Company](/source/Sharp,_Stewart_and_Company) in 1880-1881, followed by a further twelve in 1885, and a final batch of six by [Nasmyth, Wilson & Co.](/source/Nasmyth,_Wilson_%26_Co.) in 1895. They were used on the railway's commuter services between London [Fenchurch Street railway station](/source/Fenchurch_Street_railway_station) and Upminster, Southend and Tilbury. The class proved successful and most survived in service for fifty years or more. One member of this class was recorded as having hauled a train of 240 t (236 long tons; 265 short tons) at an average of 82.2 km/h (51.1 mph) to Southend with water taken during runs.[2]

The merit of the engines was such that enlarged versions, the [LT&SR 37 Class](/source/LT%26SR_37_Class), [LT&SR 51 Class](/source/LT%26SR_51_Class) and [LTSR 79 Class](/source/LTSR_79_Class), were produced in 1897, 1900 and 1909 respectively, and the LMS built further examples of the 79 Class as late as 1930. In total, 97 engines of the four classes were built over a 50 year period.

## Numbering

On the LTSR they were numbered 1–36 and named for places on or near their railway line. In 1912, the LTSR was absorbed by the [Midland Railway](/source/Midland_Railway) and the locomotives were renumbered 2110–2145 and the names removed. At the [grouping](/source/Railway_Act_1921) in 1923, all passed to the [London, Midland and Scottish Railway](/source/London,_Midland_and_Scottish_Railway) and at first retained their former MR numbers. However between 1923 and 1927 twenty-five were progressively renumbered—2110–19 to 2200–09 in 1923, 2120–24 to 2210–14 in 1925, and 2125–34 to 2190–99. In 1930, all 36 were renumbered in the 2056–2091 range.

Retirements started in 1929, and by 1936, all had been withdrawn and scrapped.

## Fleet details

LTSR No. LTSR Name Builder Built MR No. & 1st LMS No. LMS 1923–27 Renumber LMS 1930 No. Withdrawn 1 Southend Sharp Stewart 2880 1880 2110 2200 2077 1930 2 Gravesend Sharp Stewart 2881 1880 2111 2201 2078 1935 3 Tilbury Sharp Stewart 2882 1880 2112 2202 2079 1935 4 Bromley Sharp Stewart 2883 1880 2113 2203 2080 1932 5 Plaistow Sharp Stewart 2884 1880 2114 2204 2081 1930 6 Upton Park Sharp Stewart 2885 1880 2115 2205 2082 1933 7 Barking Sharp Stewart 2886 1880 2116 2206 2083 1935 8 Rainham Sharp Stewart 2887 1880 2117 2207 2084 1933 9 Tilbury Docks Sharp Stewart 2888 1880 2118 2208 2085 1930 10 Grays Sharp Stewart 2889 1880 2119 2209 2086 1930 11 Stanford Sharp Stewart 2890 1880 2120 2210 2087 1930 12 Pitsea Sharp Stewart 2891 1880 2121 2211 2088 1930 13 Black Horse Road Sharp Stewart 2969 1881 2122 2212 2089 1932 14 Leigh Sharp Stewart 2970 1881 2123 2213 2090 1935 15 East Ham Sharp Stewart 2971 1881 2124 2214 2091 1933 16 Low Street Sharp Stewart 3018 1881 2125 2190 2067 1934 17 Thames Haven Sharp Stewart 3019 1881 2126 2191 2068 1935 18 Burdett Road Sharp Stewart 3020 1881 2127 2192 2069 1930 19 Dagenham Sharp Stewart 3217 1884 2128 2193 2070 1935 20 Hornchurch Sharp Stewart 3218 1884 2129 2194 2071 1932 21 Upminster Sharp Stewart 3219 1884 2130 2195 2072 1932 22 Commercial Road Sharp Stewart 3220 1885 2131 2196 2073 1935 23 Laindon Sharp Stewart 3221 1885 2132 2197 2074 1930 24 Ockendon Sharp Stewart 3222 1885 2133 2198 2075 1935 25 Stifford Sharp Stewart 3223 1885 2134 2199 2076 1935 26 West Thurrock Sharp Stewart 3224 1885 2135 — 2056 1932 27 Whitechapel Sharp Stewart 3225 1885 2136 — 2057 1932 28 Romford Sharp Stewart 3226 1885 2137 — 2058 1935 29 Stepney Sharp Stewart 3227 1885 2138 — 2059 1932 30 Fenchurch Sharp Stewart 3228 1885 2139 — 2060 1934 31 St. Pancras Nasmyth Wilson 425 1892 2140 — 2061 1933 32 Leyton Nasmyth Wilson 426 1892 2141 — 2062 1933 33 Wanstead Nasmyth Wilson 427 1892 2142 — 2063 1935 34 Tottenham Nasmyth Wilson 428 1892 2143 — 2064 1930 35 West Ham Nasmyth Wilson 429 1892 2144 — 2065 1933 36 Walthamstow Nasmyth Wilson 430 1892 2145 — 2066 1932

## References

1. Bradley, D.L. (1967). *Locomotives of the London and South Western Railway. Part 2.*. Railway Correspondence and Travel Society. p. 19.

1. ["ÖNB-ANNO - die Lokomotive"](http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=lok&datum=1914&page=9&size=45)

- Baxter, Bertram (1982). *British Locomotive Catalogue 1825-1923 3A: Midland Railway and its Constituents*. Ashbourne: Moorland Publishing Co. p. 39-40.
- Casserley, H.C. & S.W. Johnston (1974 [1966]). *Locomotives at the Grouping 3: London, Midland and Scottish Railway*. Shepperton, Surrey: Ian Allan Limited. p. 40. ISBN 0-7110-0554-0.

## External links

- [http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=lok&datum=1914&page=9&size=45](http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=lok&datum=1914&page=9&size=45)
- [http://orion.math.iastate.edu/jdhsmith/term/slgblts.htm](http://orion.math.iastate.edu/jdhsmith/term/slgblts.htm)

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [LT&SR 1 Class](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LT%26SR_1_Class) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LT%26SR_1_Class?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.