# LNWR Jubilee Class

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LNWR Jubilee Class No.1501 Jubilee, note the double chimney Type and origin Power type Steam Designer Francis Webb Builder Crewe Works Build date 1897–1900 Total produced 40 Specifications Configuration: ​ • Whyte 4-4-0 • UIC 2′B n4v Gauge 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) Leading dia. 3 ft 9 in (1.143 m) Driver dia. 7 ft 1 in (2.159 m) Loco weight 54.50 long tons (55.37 t) Boiler pressure 200 psi (1.38 MPa) Cylinders Four, two outside high-pressure, two inside low-pressure High-pressure cylinder 15 in × 24 in (381 mm × 610 mm) Low-pressure cylinder 20+1⁄2 in × 24 in (521 mm × 610 mm) Valve gear Joy, one set for each pair of cylinders. Performance figures Tractive effort 80%: 29,152 lbf (129.7 kN)[citation needed] Career Operators LNWR · LMS Power class LMS: 2P Number in class 1 January 1923: 9 Numbers LNWR: 1901–1940; LMS: 5110–5117 Withdrawn 1923–1925 Disposition All scrapped

The [London and North Western Railway](/source/London_and_North_Western_Railway) (LNWR) **Jubilee Class** was a class of [4-4-0](/source/4-4-0) 4-cylinder [compound locomotives](/source/Compound_locomotive) by [F.W. Webb](/source/F.W._Webb). A total of forty were built from 1897–1900. Slightly unusually for the LNWR, the class received a number series, this being 1901–1940. All were named, mostly after Royal Navy battleships.

## *Iron Duke* and *Black Prince*

Smoke box details of the *Black Prince*

The first two of this class were prototypes, built to different designs to permit a comparison. The first, No. 1501 the *Iron Duke* (later re-named *Diamond Jubilee* and then *Jubilee*), was a 4-cylinder simple locomotive with 15 in × 24 in (381 mm × 610 mm) cylinders. The second, No. 1502 *Black Prince*, was not Webb's first compound, but was his first 4-cylinder compound and the first in the UK.[1] The outside high-pressure cylinders were the same as *Iron Duke*'s, the inside low-pressure cylinders were 19+1⁄2 in × 24 in (495 mm × 610 mm).[2]

There was no simpling valve or other means for starting, and so when starting they just operated as small 2-cylinder simples.[1] The [Joy valve gear](/source/Joy_valve_gear) was shared between high and low pressure, with a rocking lever to the high-pressure valves. The inside cylinders were angled above the outside cylinders and although this could have been solved by cranking the rocking levers, this gave an uneven drive to the valves; valve-setting between both of them had to be a compromise position, ideal for neither, and so gave an uneven power distribution between high and low. Their running was thus not as free-running as it might have been, which Webb would address in his later designs.[1]

These were also Webb's first designs with a leading bogie rather than a pony truck,[2] which was also described as a "double radial truck".[1][3] The truck pivots geometrically at a point behind its rear axle, although there is no single mechanical pivot point. This motion is controlled instead, like Webb's earlier single radial truck, by curved radial slides, with a radius of curvature at the centre of the truck of 10 ft 9 in (3.28 m).[4]

Another novel feature was that both locomotives were fitted with [double chimneys](/source/Double_chimney). The smokebox was partitioned internally into upper and lower halves, the lower section exhausting through the front chimney and the upper tubes through the rear chimney. The blastpipes were fed separately, the front chimney from the left cylinders and the rear from the right.[2] After some time in service, the two chimneys were replaced with a single chimney on an undivided smokebox and their performance and fuel consumption measured again. It was found that the compound locomotive had identical performance both with and without the double chimney, but that the simple locomotive was improved by it.[2] The double chimney was re-fitted to *Jubilee*, but the production locomotives were built as compounds without it.

After around a year's running, the simple had run for 33,517 miles, with an average coal consumption of 40.3 pounds per mile and the compound (starting slightly later) for 23,503 miles with a consumption of 38.1 pounds per mile. The compound was thus cheaper by 2.2 pounds per mile, or 5%.[2]

The ratio between LP and HP cylinders was 1.69, lower than that considered optimal.[3] Webb's 3-cylinder compounds had used the more usual figure of 2. To improve this to 1.87, Webb had decided to increase the size of the LP cylinders to 20+1⁄2 in × 24 in (521 mm × 610 mm), and this was applied to the production locomotives.[2]

## Service

As with other Webb compounds, they were mechanically unreliable.[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed)*] As a result, [George Whale](/source/George_Whale) rebuilt these as two-cylinder simple locomotives of the [Renown Class](/source/LNWR_Renown_Class), starting with 1918 *Renown* in 1908. Rebuilt engines retained their numbers. Rebuilding continued so that at the grouping of 1923, only 9 Jubilees remained, being 1903/4/8/11/12/15/23/27/29.

1908 *Royal George* was withdrawn in January 1923, but the remaining eight were allocated the LMS numbers 5110–5117, in sequence. Two, 1904 *Rob Roy* and 1923 *Agamemnon* were withdrawn 1923, without receiving new numbers. The LMS rebuilt the remaining six into Renowns in 1924, making the class extinct (Their subsequent history is discussed at [LNWR Renown Class](/source/LNWR_Renown_Class)).

*Polyphemus* with a London-Birmingham Down service, around 1910

A successor to this class, the [*Alfred the Great* class](/source/LNWR_Alfred_the_Great_Class), retained the 4-cylinder compound design but used two sets of valvegear, both Joy, allowing the LP cutoff to be controlled independently.[1]

## Locomotive list

LNWR Jubilee class locomotive list[5] LNWR No. LNWR name Crewe Works No. Date built Date rebuilt LMS No. Date withdrawn Notes 1901 Jubilee 3856 Jun 1897 Apr 1919 5156 Named Iron Duke until December 1897, numbered 1501 until March 1899 1902 Black Prince 3857 Jun 1897 Aug 1919 5157 Numbered 1502 until March 1899 1903 Iron Duke 3928 Mar 1899 May 1924 5110 1904 Rob Roy 3929 Mar 1899 — (5111) May 1923 Never carried its LMS number 1905 Black Diamond 3930 Mar 1899 Aug 1914 5137 1906 Robin Hood 3931 Apr 1899 May 1917 5149 1907 Black Watch 3932 Apr 1899 Feb 1922 5178 1908 Royal George 3933 Apr 1899 — — Jan 1923 1909 Crusader 3934 Apr 1899 Nov 1919 5159 1910 Cavalier 3935 Apr 1899 Aug 1921 5172 1911 Centurion 3936 Jun 1899 Dec 1924 5112 1912 Colossus 3937 Jun 1899 May 1924 5113 1913 Canopus 3938 Jun 1899 Mar 1910 5132 1914 Invincible 3939 Jun 1899 Sep 1916 5144 Renumbered 1257 in April 1920 1915 Implacable 3940 Jun 1899 Nov 1923 5114 1916 Irresistible 3941 Jul 1899 Feb 1919 5155 1917 Inflexible 3942 Jul 1899 Aug 1922 5184 1918 Renown 3943 Jul 1899 Jun 1908 5131 1919 Resolution 3944 Aug 1899 Nov 1919 5160 1920 Flying Fox 3945 Aug 1899 Dec 1920 5166 1921 John of Gaunt 3995 Feb 1900 Apr 1913 5134 Named T. H. Ismay until April 1913 1922 Intrepid 3996 Feb 1900 Oct 1916 5146 1923 Agamemnon 3997 Mar 1900 — (5115) Never carried its LMS number 1924 Powerful 3998 Mar 1900 Jun 1922 5183 1925 Warrior 3999 Mar 1900 Apr 1917 5147 1926 La France 4000 Mar 1900 Mar 1922 5180 Shown at Exposition Universelle in Paris[6] 1927 Goliath 4001 Mar 1900 Jan 1924 5116 1928 Glatton 4002 Apr 1900 Aug 1921 5173 1929 Polyphemus 4003 Apr 1900 Feb 1924 5117 1930 Ramillies 4004 Apr 1900 Apr 1916 5142 1931 Agincourt 4045 Sep 1900 Dec 1921 5176 1932 Anson 4046 Sep 1900 Jun 1920 5162 1933 Barfleur 4047 Sep 1900 Apr 1921 5169 1934 Blenheim 4048 Sep 1900 Sep 1920 5165 1935 Collingwood 4049 Oct 1900 Mar 1910 5133 1936 Royal Sovereign 4050 Oct 1900 Jun 1917 5150 1937 Superb 4051 Oct 1900 Jan 1919 5154 1938 Sultan 4052 Oct 1900 Feb 1920 5161 1939 Temeraire 4053 Oct 1900 Aug 1919 5158 1940 Trafalgar 4054 Oct 1900 Apr 1921 5170

## References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to [LNWR Jubilee class](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:LNWR_Jubilee_class).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVan_Riemsdijk199475_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVan_Riemsdijk199475_1-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVan_Riemsdijk199475_1-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVan_Riemsdijk199475_1-3) [***e***](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVan_Riemsdijk199475_1-4) [Van Riemsdijk (1994)](#CITEREFVan_Riemsdijk1994), p. 75.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Cassiers,_1899_2-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Cassiers,_1899_2-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-Cassiers,_1899_2-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-Cassiers,_1899_2-3) [***e***](#cite_ref-Cassiers,_1899_2-4) [***f***](#cite_ref-Cassiers,_1899_2-5) Bird, George Frederick (January 1899). ["British Four-Cylinder Locomotives"](https://en.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=Page:Cassier%27s_Magazine_Volume_XV.djvu/154). *[Cassier's Magazine](/source/Cassier's_Magazine)*. Vol. XV, no. 3. pp. 142–153.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAhrons1927292–293_3-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAhrons1927292–293_3-1) [Ahrons (1927)](#CITEREFAhrons1927), pp. 292–293.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAhrons1927311_4-0)** [Ahrons (1927)](#CITEREFAhrons1927), p. 311.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBaxter1979197–199_5-0)** [Baxter 1979](#CITEREFBaxter1979), pp. 197–199.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** Weiss, M. (1901). ["Die Lokomotiven an der Pariser Weltausstellung"](https://doi.org/10.5169/seals-22707). *Schweizerische Bauzeitung*. **37** (20). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.5169/seals-22707](https://doi.org/10.5169%2Fseals-22707). Retrieved 22 November 2021.

- [Ahrons, E.L.](/source/E.L._Ahrons) (1927). *The British Steam Railway Locomotive 1825-1925*. Amen Corner, London: [Locomotive Publishing Co.](/source/Locomotive_Publishing_Co.) pp. [292–293](https://archive.org/stream/britishsteamrail00ahro/page/292/mode/2up).

- Baxter, Bertram (1979). Baxter, David (ed.). *British Locomotive Catalogue 1825–1923*. Vol. 2B: London and North Western Railway and its constituent companies. Ashbourne, Derbyshire: Moorland Publishing Company. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-903485-84-2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-903485-84-2).

- [Casserley, H. C.](/source/H._C._Casserley) & Johnston, Stuart W. (1974) [1966]. *Locomotives at the Grouping 3: London, Midland and Scottish Railway*. Shepperton, Surrey: [Ian Allan](/source/Ian_Allan_Publishing). pp. 60–61. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-7110-0554-0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7110-0554-0).

- [Van Riemsdijk, J.T.](/source/John_Van_Riemsdijk) (1994). *Compound Locomotives: An International Survey*. Penryn: Atlantic Transport Publishers. p. 75. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-906899-61-3](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-906899-61-3).

- [Yeadon, W. B.](/source/Willie_Yeadon) *A Compendium of LNWR Locomotives 1912–1949: Volume 1*. Nottingham: Challenger Publications. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-901945-90-4](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-901945-90-4).

v t e London and North Western Railway locomotives John Ramsbottom (North Eastern Division 1846–1857) Francis Trevithick (Northern Division 1846–1857) SFB passenger 187 Velocipede 173 Cornwall 290 Rocket LFB passenger 7ft Single (Raven) 176 Courier SFB goods LFB goods SFB goods tank LFB goods tank John Ramsbottom (Northern Division 1857–1862) 3020 Cornwall (renewed) 271 DX Problem / Lady of the Lake Edward Bury (Southern Division 1846–1847) Bury Bar Frame locomotive James McConnell (Southern Division 1847–1862) Bloomer McConnell Goods Wolverton Express Goods John Ramsbottom (1862–1871) 4ft Shunter Samson Newton Special Tank Francis William Webb (1871–1903) Alfred the Great Chopper Tank Coal Engine Coal Tank Experiment Dreadnought Teutonic Greater Britain John Hick Dock Tank Precursor Precedent Improved Precedent Jubilee Waterloo 4ft 6in Tank 5ft 6in Tank 18in Goods (Cauliflower) 18in Tank A B 1400 Class George Whale (1903–1909) Experiment 19in Express Goods Precursor Precursor Tank Renown C D E F G Charles John Bowen Cooke (1909–1920) 1185 Claughton George V Queen Mary Prince of Wales Prince of Wales Tank C1 G1 MM H. P. M. Beames (1920–1921) 380 G2 G2A George Hughes (1922–1923) No new locomotive classes Locomotives of the London and North Western Railway LMS locomotives British Railways steam locomotives

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