# Kuakini > Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Kuakini > Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Kuakini.md > Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuakini > Source revision: 1319658607 > License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) {{Short description|Hawaiian noble (1789–1844)}} {{Infobox royalty | name = John Adams Kuakini | title = Royal Governor of Hawai{{okina}}i Island and O{{okina}}ahu | image = John Adams Kuakini.png | image_size = 220px | caption = An 1822 sketch by [William Ellis](/source/William_Ellis_(British_missionary)) | native_lang1_name1 = Kaluaikonahale | spouse = High Chiefess Keoua
High Chiefess Ha{{okina}}aheo | issue = High Chief Keoua
High Chiefess [Kamānele](/source/Kam%C4%81nele) | birth_date = c. 1789 | birth_place = | full name = Kaluaikonahale | death_date = {{death date|1844|12|9}} | death_place = [Kailua-Kona](/source/Kailua%2C_Hawaii_County%2C_Hawaii) | father = [Keʻeaumoku Pāpaiahiahi](/source/Keeaumoku_P%C4%81paiahiahi) | mother = Nāmāhāna{{okina}}i{{okina}}Kaleleokalani }} '''John Adams Ki{{okina}}iapalaoku Kuakini''' (1789–1844) was an important adviser to [Kamehameha I](/source/Kamehameha_I) in the early stages of the [Kingdom of Hawaii](/source/Hawaiian_Kingdom). He was responsible for contributing to the infrastructure among other changes in the [Kona District](/source/Kona_District%2C_Hawaii) during this era. ==Family life== [[File:Kuakini wearing feather cloak.jpg|thumb|left|200px|Sketch of Kuakini wearing his ''[ʻahuʻula](/source/%CA%BBAhu_%CA%BBula)'' signifying [Hawaiian nobility](/source/Ali%CA%BBi).]] He was born about 1789 with the name ''Kaluaikonahale''.{{cite web |title= Kaluaikonahale Kuakini |work= Our Family History and Ancestry |publisher= Families of Old Hawaii |url= http://familiesofoldhawaii.com/getperson.php?personID=I3881&tree=Ano |access-date= 2010-02-16 }} His father was [Keʻeaumoku Pāpaiahiahi](/source/Keeaumoku_P%C4%81paiahiahi), an [ali{{okina}}i](/source/Ali%CA%BBi) (noble) from the [island of Hawai{{okina}}i](/source/Hawaii_(island)), and his mother was Nāmāhāna{{okina}}i{{okina}}Kaleleokalani, the widow queen and half-sister of the late king of [Maui](/source/Maui), Kamehameha Nui. Historian [Samuel Kamakau](/source/Samuel_Kamakau) later makes the contradictory claim that [Kaʻiana](/source/Ka%CA%BBiana) was Kuakini's father and also claimed he was a ''poʻolua'' child (possessing two head or father).{{cite journal|last=Miller|first=David G.|title=Kaʻiana, the Once Famous 'Prince of Kauaʻi'|journal=Hawaiian Journal of History|location=Honolulu|publisher=Hawaiian Historical Society|volume=22|year=1988|hdl=10524/389|oclc=60626541|pages=14, 18}} Keʻeaumoku became a [fugitive](/source/fugitive) from King [Kahekili II](/source/Kahekili_II) of Maui. Escaping to [Hana](/source/Hana%2C_Hawaii), the family moved back to Hawai{{okina}}i island and lived on [Kahalu{{okina}}u Bay](/source/Kahalu%CA%BBu_Bay). He was the youngest of four important siblings: sisters [Queen Ka{{okina}}ahumanu](/source/Ka%CA%BBahumanu), Kamehameha's favorite wife and later became the powerful [Kuhina nui](/source/Kuhina_Nui), [Kalākua Kaheiheimālie](/source/Kal%C4%81kua_Kaheiheim%C4%81lie) and [Namahana-o-Pi{{okina}}ia](/source/Namahana_Pi%CA%BBia), also queens of Kamehameha, and brother [George Cox Kahekili Ke{{okina}}eaumoku](/source/Keeaumoku_II), who later became the Governor of Maui. His father helped [Kamehameha I](/source/Kamehameha_I) come to power in the [battle of Moku{{okina}}ōhai](/source/Battle_of_Mokuohai) in 1782. With the introduction of [Christianity](/source/Christianity), Hawaiians were encouraged to take [British](/source/British_Empire) or [American](/source/United_States) names. As an example of his royal manner, he chose the name John Adams after [John Quincy Adams](/source/John_Quincy_Adams), the [U.S. president](/source/President_of_the_United_States) in office at the time. He adopted the name as well as other customs of the U.S. and [Europe](/source/Europe).Robert Oaks, ''Hawai{{okina}}i: A History of the Big Island'', Arcadia Publishing, 2003, {{ISBN|978-0-7385-2436-8}}, Page 45 As a youth he excelled at sports such as [canoeing](/source/canoeing), but later acquired a taste for alcohol, fine food, and women. He seriously injured his foot, however, trying to escape after being caught with the wife of Governor Kuihelani of Oahu. He recovered, but walked with a limp for the rest of his life. Like many of [Polynesian](/source/Polynesians) royal lineage, he had a large stature. A visitor in 1819 described him as about 6 feet 3 inches, and in his later days was said to have weighed over 400 pounds. He married Keouawahine and Kaniuʻopiohaʻaheo or Haʻaheo. With Keouawahine, he had one son Keoua, who died in infancy, and with Haʻaheo, he had one daughter [Mele Kaʻauʻamoku o Kamānele](/source/Kam%C4%81nele) (1814–1834). Kamānele was considered to be a potential bride for King [Kamehameha III](/source/Kamehameha_III), but she died young. The king later married [Kalama](/source/Kalama), the daughter of ship pilot [Naihekukui](/source/Naihekukui).{{cite book |author=Hiram Bingham I |author-link=Hiram Bingham I |title=A Residence of Twenty-one Years in the Sandwich Islands |publisher=H.D. Goodwin |orig-year=1848 |year=1855 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=T1VFAAAAYAAJ |edition=Third }} ==Royal Governor== thumb|250px|Sketch from William Ellis of Kuakini welcoming visitors with a Hula dance ceremony When the Kingdom's central government moved to [Lahaina](/source/Lahaina%2C_Hawaii) in 1820, his influence expanded on Hawai{{okina}}i island. After [John Young](/source/John_Young_(advisor)) had effectively but unofficially served in the role, Kuakini was appointed the first recorded [Royal Governor of Hawai{{okina}}i island](/source/Governors_of_Hawaii_(island)), serving from 1820 until his death.[http://archives1.dags.hawaii.gov/gsdl/collect/governme/index/assoc/HASH01a2.dir/doc.pdf List of Royal Governors of Hawai{{okina}}i Island] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721042628/http://archives1.dags.hawaii.gov/gsdl/collect/governme/index/assoc/HASH01a2.dir/doc.pdf |date=2011-07-21 }} in Hawai{{okina}}i State Archives However, on April 1, 1831, a potential [rebellion](/source/rebellion) was uncovered on the island of [O{{okina}}ahu](/source/Oahu). His sister Queen Regent Ka{{okina}}ahumanu appointed him [Royal Governor of O{{okina}}ahu](/source/Governors_of_Oahu) after [Kuini Liliha](/source/Kuini_Liliha), the leader of the rebellion, he resided at [Fort Honolulu](/source/Honoulu_Fort) serving as the Commander in Chief.[http://archives1.dags.hawaii.gov/gsdl/collect/governme/index/assoc/HASH01e7.dir/doc.pdf List of Royal Governors of O{{okina}}ahu] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721042609/http://archives1.dags.hawaii.gov/gsdl/collect/governme/index/assoc/HASH01e7.dir/doc.pdf |date=2011-07-21 }} in Hawai{{okina}}i State Archives Some time in the next few years he moved back to the island of Hawai{{okina}}i after Ka{{okina}}ahumanu died and [Elizabeth Kīna{{okina}}u](/source/K%C4%ABna%CA%BBu) became Queen Regent, calling herself Ka{{okina}}ahumanu II. From 1841 through 1843 he served in the [House of Nobles](/source/Legislature_of_the_Hawaiian_Kingdom).{{cite web |url=http://archives1.dags.hawaii.gov/gsdl/collect/governme/index/assoc/HASH21d4/a928edca.dir/Kuakini.jpg |title=Kuakini office record |work=state archives digital collections |publisher=state of Hawaii |access-date=2009-11-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111007003908/http://archives1.dags.hawaii.gov/gsdl/collect/governme/index/assoc/HASH21d4/a928edca.dir/Kuakini.jpg |archive-date=2011-10-07 |url-status=dead }} He gave land to [missionaries](/source/Missionary), such as [Asa Thurston](/source/Asa_Thurston) to build [Moku{{okina}}aikaua Church](/source/Mokuaikaua_Church), and others on the island. He extended a series of low walls that were originally used as [Ahupua{{okina}}a](/source/Ahupua%CA%BBa) (traditional land division) barriers for pigs, because the [cattle](/source/Hawaiian_wild_cattle) left behind by [George Vancouver](/source/George_Vancouver) were wandering through the village of [Kailua](/source/Kailua-Kona%2C_Hawaii). This work became known as ''Ka pā nui o Kuakini'' ("The Great Wall of Kuakini"), some of which still stands today. In the village he built [Hulihe{{okina}}e Palace](/source/Hulihe%CA%BBe_Palace) in the American style out of native [lava](/source/lava), coral [lime](/source/Limestone) mortar, [koa](/source/Acacia_koa) and [{{okina}}ohi{{okina}}a](/source/Metrosideros_polymorpha) timbers. Completed in 1838, he used the palace to entertain visiting Americans and Europeans with great feasts. He made official visits to all ships that arrived on the island, offering them tours of sites such as the [Kīlauea](/source/K%C4%ABlauea) volcano.William Ellis, 1825, ''A journal of a tour around Hawaii, the largest of the Sandwich Islands'', Published by Crocker & Brewster Kuakini died December 9, 1844, in [Kailua-Kona](/source/Kailua-Kona%2C_Hawaii).{{cite web |title= name-goes-here |author= Henry Soszynski |url= http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~royalty/hawaii/i15.html |work= Hon. Ali'i John Adams Kuakini |access-date= 2010-02-16 }} He left Hulihe{{okina}}e Palace to his ''hānai'' (adopted son) [William Pitt Leleiohoku I](/source/Leleiohoku_I), who left it to his wife Princess [Ruth Ke{{okina}}elikōlani](/source/Ke%CA%BBelik%C5%8Dlani). ==Legacy== thumb|Portions of the Great Wall still exist around Kailua-Kona Hulihe{{okina}}e Palace is now a museum run by the [Daughters of Hawai{{okina}}i](/source/Daughters_of_Hawaii), including some of his artifacts.[http://www.daughtersofhawaii.com/huliheepalace/ Hulihe{{okina}}e Palace] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090330004728/http://daughtersofhawaii.com/huliheepalace/ |date=2009-03-30 }} official web site A highway is named "Kuakini Highway", which runs from the [Hawaii Belt Road](/source/Hawaii_Belt_Road) through the town of [Kailua-Kona](/source/Kailua-Kona%2C_Hawaii), to the [Old Kona Airport State Recreation Area](/source/Old_Kona_Airport_State_Recreation_Area).Juvik and Juvik editors, 1998, ''Atlas of Hawaii'', University of Hawaii Press, {{ISBN|978-0-8248-2125-8}} He is also the namesake of Kuakini Street, Honolulu, which is in turn the namesake of the [Kuakini Medical Center](/source/Kuakini_Medical_Center) on it. ==Ancestry== {{ahnentafel |collapsed=yes |align=center |boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc; |boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9; |boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc; |boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc; |boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe; |1= 1. '''Kuakini''' |2= 2. [Keʻeaumoku Pāpaʻiahiahi](/source/Keeaumoku_P%C4%81paiahiahi) |3= 3. NāmāhānaʻiʻKaleleokalani |4= 4. Keawepoepoe |5= 5. Kūmaʻaikū |6= 6. Kekaulike |7= 7. Haʻaloʻu |8= 8. Lonoikahaupu |9= 9. [Kalanikauleleiaiwi](/source/Kalanikauleleiaiwi) (= 29) |10= |11= |12= 12. Kaulahea II |13= 13. Papaikaniau |14= 14. [Haʻae-a-Mahi](/source/Haae-a-Mahi) |15= 15. Kalelemauliokalani |16= 16. Kauakahilau |17= 17. Kuluina |18= 18. Kaneikauaiwilani |19= 19. [Keakealaniwahine](/source/Keakealaniwahine) |20= |21= |22= |23= |24= 24. Lonohonuakini |25= 25. Kalanikauanakinilani |26= 26. ʻUmi-a-Liloa of Maui |27= 27. Kuʻihewamakawalu |28= 28. Kauaua-a-Mahi |29= 29. [Kalanikauleleiaiwi](/source/Kalanikauleleiaiwi) (= 9) |30= 30. Kaulahea II (= 12) |31= 31. Papaikaniau (= 13) }} ==References== {{commons category|Kuakini}} {{Reflist}} {{s-start}} {{succession box|title=[Royal Governor of Hawaiʻi](/source/Governors_of_Hawaii_(island)) Island|before=[John Young](/source/John_Young_(Hawaii))? |after=[Naihe](/source/Naihe) |years=1820 - 1831}} {{succession box|title=[Royal Governor of Oʻahu](/source/Governors_of_Oahu)|before=[Kuini Liliha](/source/Kuini_Liliha) |after= [Kīna{{okina}}u](/source/K%C4%ABna%CA%BBu) |years=1831 - 1832 }} {{succession box|title=[Royal Governor of Hawaiʻi](/source/Governors_of_Hawaii_(island)) Island|before=[Naihe](/source/Naihe) |after=[William Pitt Leleiohoku I](/source/William_Pitt_Leleiohoku_I) |years= 1832 - 1844 }} {{s-end}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Kuakini, John Adams}} Category:1780s births Category:1844 deaths Category:Governors of Hawaii (island) Category:Governors of Oahu Category:Members of the Hawaiian Kingdom House of Nobles Category:House of Kekaulike Category:Royalty of the Hawaiian Kingdom Category:Converts to Christianity from Hawaiian religion Category:Hawaiian Kingdom Protestants Category:Commanders-in-chief of the Hawaiian Kingdom --- Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Kuakini](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuakini) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuakini?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.