# Kryptonia

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Phylum of bacteria

Kryptonia Scientific classification Domain: Bacteria Kingdom: Pseudomonadati Phylum: Kryptoniota corrig. Eloe-Fadrosh et al. 2016 Class "Kryptonia" Synonyms "Kryptonia" (sic) Eloe-Fadrosh et al. 2016

**Kryptonia** is a [bacterial phylum](/source/Bacterial_phyla) with [candidate](/source/Candidatus) status. It is a member of the [FCB](/source/Sphingobacteria_(phylum)) group.[1]

The phylum was first proposed in 2016 following the recovery of genomes from a large-scale effort to mine [metagenomic](/source/Metagenomics) and [single-cell genomic](/source/Single_cell_genomics) datasets for novel bacterial diversity.[1] Extensive analysis of 5.2 Tb of metagenomic data from around the world suggests members of Kryptonia are found exclusively in high-temperature pH-neutral geothermal springs, such as the Jinze pool (Yunnan Province, China), Dewar Creek Spring (British Columbia, Canada), and Great Boiling Spring (Nevada, USA).[1] Due to primer mismatches, members of this phylum have been widely under-detected in [16S rRNA](/source/16S_ribosomal_RNA) sequencing-based surveys of community composition.

Analysis of the first genomes recovered from this group (from four different genera) suggests that members of Kryptonia are [heterotrophs](/source/Heterotroph) with a putative capacity for iron respiration.[1] They are inferred to be incapable of some producing key metabolic compounds on their own (e.g.: [biotin](/source/Biotin) (also known as vitamin B7 or vitamin H) and certain [amino acids](/source/Amino_acid)), and thus may be metabolically dependent on other microbes in their environment, although the nature of such a relationship is unknown.[1]

The name "Kryptonia" is derived from the Greek work *"krupton"*, which means "hidden" or "secret". This is a nod to the phylum having hitherto eluded detection due to SSU [rRNA primer](/source/Primer_(molecular_biology)) biases.

## Taxonomy

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the [List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature](/source/List_of_Prokaryotic_names_with_Standing_in_Nomenclature) (LPSN)[2] and [National Center for Biotechnology Information](/source/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information) (NCBI).[3]

Phylogeny of "Kryptonia"[4][5][6] "Ca. Kryptonium" "Ca. Thermokryptus mobilis" "Ca. Chryseopegocella kryptomonas" "Ca. Kryptobacter tengchongensis" "Ca. K. thompsonii"

- **Class** "**Kryptonia**" - **Order** "**Kryptoniales**" - **Family** "**Kryptoniaceae**" - Genus "*Ca.* [Chrysopegocella](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chrysopegocella&action=edit&redlink=1)" Eloe-Fadrosh et al. 2016 corrig. Oren et al. 2020 ["*Ca.* Chrysopegis" (sic)] - "*Ca.* C. kryptomonas" Eloe-Fadrosh et al. 2016 corrig. Oren et al. 2020 - Genus "*Ca.* [Kryptobacter](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kryptobacter&action=edit&redlink=1)" Eloe-Fadrosh et al. 2016 - "*Ca.* K. tengchongensis" Eloe-Fadrosh et al. 2016 - Genus "*Ca.* [Kryptonium](/source/Kryptonium)" Eloe-Fadrosh et al. 2016 - "*Ca.* K. thompsonii" corrig. Eloe-Fadrosh et al. 2016 - Genus "*Ca.* [Thermokryptus](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thermokryptus&action=edit&redlink=1)" Eloe-Fadrosh et al. 2016 - "*Ca.* T. mobilis" Eloe-Fadrosh et al. 2016 ["*Candidatus* Kryptonium mobile" Hedlund et al. 2022]

## See also

- [List of bacteria genera](/source/List_of_bacteria_genera)

- [List of bacterial orders](/source/List_of_bacterial_orders)

## References

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-:0_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-:0_1-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-:0_1-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-:0_1-3) [***e***](#cite_ref-:0_1-4) Eloe-Fadrosh, Emiley A.; Paez-Espino, David; Jarett, Jessica; Dunfield, Peter F.; Hedlund, Brian P.; Dekas, Anne E.; Grasby, Stephen E.; Brady, Allyson L.; Dong, Hailiang; Briggs, Brandon R.; Li, Wen-Jun (2016-01-27). ["Global metagenomic survey reveals a new bacterial candidate phylum in geothermal springs"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4737851). *Nature Communications*. **7** (1) 10476. [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[2016NatCo...710476E](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016NatCo...710476E). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1038/ncomms10476](https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fncomms10476). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [2041-1723](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2041-1723). [PMC](/source/PMC_(identifier)) [4737851](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4737851). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [26814032](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26814032).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-LPSN_2-0)** [Kryptoniota](https://lpsn.dsmz.de/phylum/Kryptoniota) in [LPSN](/source/List_of_Prokaryotic_names_with_Standing_in_Nomenclature); Freese, H. M.; Meier-Kolthoff, J. P.; Sardà Carbasse, J.; Afolayan, A. O.; Göker, M. (29 October 2025). "TYGS and LPSN in 2025: a Global Core Biodata Resource for genome-based classification and nomenclature of prokaryotes within DSMZ Digital Diversity". *Nucleic Acids Research*. **53**: D1–D12. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1093/nar/gkaf1110](https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fnar%2Fgkaf1110).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-NCBI_3-0)** Schoch CL; et al. ["Kryptoniota"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?command=show&mode=tree&id=1855361&lvl=3). [National Center for Biotechnology Information](/source/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information) (NCBI) taxonomy database. Retrieved 2025-06-05.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-about_4-0)** ["GTDB release 10-RS226"](https://gtdb.ecogenomic.org/about#4%7C). *[Genome Taxonomy Database](/source/Genome_Taxonomy_Database)*. Retrieved 1 May 2025.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-tree_bac_5-0)** ["bac120_r226.sp_label"](https://data.gtdb.ecogenomic.org/releases/release226/226.0/auxillary_files/bac120_r226.sp_labels.tree). *[Genome Taxonomy Database](/source/Genome_Taxonomy_Database)*. Retrieved 1 May 2025.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-taxon_history_6-0)** ["Taxon History"](https://gtdb.ecogenomic.org/taxon_history/). *[Genome Taxonomy Database](/source/Genome_Taxonomy_Database)*. Retrieved 1 May 2025.

[Wikispecies](/source/Wikispecies) has information related to ***[Kryptonia](https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Search/Kryptonia)***.

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"Clostridiota" "Clostridiia" "Thermoanaerobacteria" Thermosediminibacteria "Desulfotomaculota" "Carboxydocellia" "Carboxydothermia" "Dehalobacteriia" Desulfitobacteriia Desulfotomaculia "Moorellia" Peptococcia Syntrophomonadia "Thermacetogeniia" Thermincolia "Halanaerobiaeota" "Halanaerobiia" "Selenobacteria" "Selenomonadia" Pseudomonadati "Sphingobacteria" Bacteroidota Bacteroidia Chlorobiia "Ignavibacteriia" "Kapaibacteria" "Kryptoniia" Rhodothermia Calditrichota Calditrichia "Cloacimonadota" "Cloacimonadia" "Cosmopoliota" "Cosmopolitia" "Delongiibacteriota" "Edwardsiibacteriota" "Effluvivivacota" "Eiseniibacteriota" "Electryoneota" "Electryoneia" "Tariuqbacteria" "Fermentibacterota" "Fermentibacteria" Fibrobacterota Chitinivibrionia Fibrobacteria "Raymondbacteriia" Gemmatimonadota Gemmatimonadia "Glassbacteria" "Hydrothermota" "Hydrothermia" "Stahlbacteria" "Krumholzibacteriota" "Krumholzibacteriia" "Heilongiota" "Heilongiia" "Latescibacterota" "Handelsmanbacteria" "Latescibacteria" "Marinisomatota" "Marinisomatia" "Zixiibacteriota" "Zhuqueibacterota" "Zhuqueibacteria" "Planctobacteria" "Abyssobacterota" "Aerophobota" "Aerophobia" "Auribacterota" "Ancaeobacteria" "Auribacteria" "Erginobacteria" "Tritonobacteria" Chlamydiota Chlamydiia "Desantisiibacteriota" Elusimicrobiota Elusimicrobiia Endomicrobiia Fidelibacterota Fidelibacteria "Firestoneibacteriota" "Goldiibacteriota" "Heilongiota" "Hinthialibacterota" "Hinthialibacteria" "Hydrogenedentota" "Hydrogenedentia" "Omnitrophota" "Omnitrophia" "Velamenicoccia" Planctomycetota "Brocadiia" "Phycisphaeria" Planctomycetia "Uabimicrobiia" "Poribacteriota" "Ratteibacteriota" "Saltatorellota" "Saltatorellae" "Sumerlaeota" "Sumerlaeia" "Tangaroaeota" "Tianyaibacteriota" Verrucomicrobiota Kiritimatiellia Lentisphaeria Verrucomicrobiia "Proteobacteria" Acidobacteriota "Acidobacteriia" "Aminicenantia" Blastocatellia "Fischerbacteria" "Guanabaribacteriia" "Holophagia" "Polarisedimenticolia" Thermoanaerobaculia Vicinamibacteria "Acidulidesulfobacteriota" "Acidulodesulfobacteriia" Aquificota Aquificia Bdellovibrionota Bacteriovoracia Bdellovibrionia "Binatota" "Binatia" "Calescibacteriota" "Calescibacteriia" Campylobacterota "Campylobacteria" Desulfurellia "Canglongiota" "Canglongiia" Chrysiogenota Chrysiogenia "Dadaibacteriota" "Dadabacteria" Deferribacterota "Deferribacteria" "Deferrimicrobiota" "Deferrimicrobiia" "Deferrisomatota" Deferrisomatia "Leptospirillaeota" "Leptospirillia" "Lernaellota" "Lernaellia" "Methylomirabilota" "Methylomirabilia" "Moduliflexota" "Moduliflexia" Myxococcota "Bradymonadia" "Kuafubacteriia" Myxococcia Polyangiia "Nitrosediminicolota" Nitrospinota Nitrospinia Nitrospirota Nitrospiria Thermodesulfovibrionia "Oligoflexaeota" Oligoflexia Pseudomonadota "Anaeropigmentatia" "Caulobacteria" Magnetococcia "Mariprofundia" "Pseudomonadia" "Schekmaniibacteriota" Desulfobacterota G Syntrophorhabdia "Tectimicrobiota" "Entotheonellia" Thermosulfidibacterota Thermosulfidibacteria Thermodesulfobacteriota "Anaeroferrophilia" Desulfarculia "Desulfatiglandia" Desulfobaccia Desulfobacteria Desulfobulbia "Desulfofervidia" Desulfomonilia Desulfovibrionia Desulfuromonadia Dissulfuribacteria Syntrophobacteria Syntrophia "Thermodesulfobacteriia" "Zymogenia" Incertae sedis "Babelota" "Babeliae" Fusobacteriota Fusobacteriia "Lindowiibacteriota" "Macinerneyibacteriota" "Macinerneyibacteriia" "Muiribacteriota" "Muiribacteriia" "Ozemibacteria" "Wallbacteriia" Spirochaetota "Brevinematia" "Brachyspirae" "Exilispiria" "Leptospiria" Spirochaetia Incertae sedis "Qinglongiota" "Qinglongiia" "Salinosulfoleibacteria" "Teskebacteria" GTDB 10-RS226; LTP_10_2024

Taxon identifiers Kryptonia Wikidata: Q27101797 NCBI: 1855361 Open Tree of Life: 5889085

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Kryptonia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kryptonia) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kryptonia?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.