# Korean Brazilians

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Brazilians of Korean birth or descent

Ethnic group

Korean Brazilians Coreano-brasileiro 한국계 브라질인 Total population 50,000-70,000[1] Regions with significant populations Foz do Iguaçu, Fortaleza, and São Paulo City Languages Brazilian Portuguese and Korean Religion Protestantism, Catholicism, Buddhism[2][3] Related ethnic groups Other Korean and Brazilian people, Korean Americans and other Asian Brazilians

**Korean Brazilians** ([Portuguese](/source/Portuguese_language): *coreano-brasileiro*, [Korean](/source/Korean_language): 한국계 브라질인; [Hanja](/source/Hanja): 韓國系 브라질人) are [Brazilians](/source/Brazil) of full, partial or predominantly [Korean](/source/Korea) ancestry or a Korean-born person residing in Brazil. The Korean population in Brazil, the largest in [South America](/source/South_America), is about 50,000.[4]

On 6 January 2010, per Municipal Law no. 15100, the São Paulo City Council officially recognised [Bom Retiro](/source/Bom_Retiro_(district_of_S%C3%A3o_Paulo)) as the Korean cultural neighbourhood.[5]

In terms of religion, the vast majority of Korean Brazilians are Protestant, with a minority of Catholics.[2][6] There are more Korean churches than Korean restaurants in the Korean Brazilian community.[6] There are also three Buddhist temples located in Korean communities in Brazil, which also attract non-Korean worshippers.[3][7] Since the 1990s, a net overall return migration pattern has evolved of Korean and Japanese Brazilians back to Korea and Japan, respectively.

## History

There were cases of Koreans immigrating to Brazil during the Japanese occupation of Korea such as Kim Soo Jo. In 1961, the Korean-Brazilian association made a deal to take Korean immigrants and the Korean-Brazilian cultural diplomatic group surveyed possible locations that would fit the Koreans.[8] Official agricultural immigration from South Korea to Brazil began in 1962, and the early Korean people who immigrated to Brazil were helped by anti-[communist](/source/Communist) political prisoners.[9] Korean immigrants soon abandoned their agricultural projects and moved to [São Paulo](/source/S%C3%A3o_Paulo), mainly to [Bom Retiro](/source/Bom_Retiro_(district_of_S%C3%A3o_Paulo)), which was originally a Jewish area but became one of the centers of Korean residents. Most of the Korean residents began to work in the clothing industry. In 1976, the South Korean government built the "Cross saemaul farm" near [Brasília](/source/Bras%C3%ADlia) to solve the illegal Korean immigrants problem in Brazil.[10] The Korean community was influenced by the 1994 economic policy [Plano Real](/source/Plano_Real).[9]

## Culture

### Newspapers

Before 1985, daily newspapers existed such as the *Hankook Daily* or *Chosun Daily*, but these early newspapers ended up being a republishing of already existing Korean articles from South Korea. In 1985, the first Korean tabloid magazine *Newsbrazil* (published until 2011) was founded by Kim Jong Nam. The magazine helped the Korean-Brazilians, who were often illiterate in Portuguese, understand local economic policies and ads were placed. It also played as a role as a communication space.[11]

## Education

[Colégio Polilogos](/source/Col%C3%A9gio_Polilogos) (브라질한국학교), a South Korean international school, was located in [Bom Retiro](/source/Bom_Retiro_(district_of_S%C3%A3o_Paulo)), [São Paulo](/source/S%C3%A3o_Paulo).[12][13]

## Notable persons

- [Angela Park](/source/Angela_Park), LPGA golfer (South Korean parents)

- [Francisco Hyun-sol Kim](/source/Francisco_Hyun-sol_Kim), professional footballer (South Korean parents)

- [Chyung Eun-ju](/source/Chyung_Eun-ju), beauty pageant titleholder, model, student and TV presenter (Originally from [Seoul, South Korea](/source/Seoul%2C_South_Korea))

- [Catharina Choi Nunes](/source/Catharina_Choi_Nunes), Miss Korea 2013 second runner-up, Miss Earth Fire 2013, Miss World Brazil 2015 (Korean Brazilian mother)

- [Iara Lee](/source/Iara_Lee), filmmaker (Korean descent)

- [Jibeen](/source/ARrC), member of Korean boy group [ARrC](/source/ARrC)

- [Jung Mo Sung](/source/Jung_Mo_Sung), liberation theologian (Originally from [Seoul, South Korea](/source/Seoul%2C_South_Korea))

- [Kim Yun-sik](/source/Kim_Yun-sik), South Korean [hapkido](/source/Hapkido) and [taekwondo](/source/Taekwondo) [grandmaster](/source/Grandmaster_(martial_arts)), founder of Bum Moo Kwan Hapkido (Originally from [Seoul, South Korea](/source/Seoul%2C_South_Korea))

- [Yoo Na Kim](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yoo_Na_Kim&action=edit&redlink=1) [[pt](https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoo_Na_Kim)], journalist, writer (Originally from [Seoul, South Korea](/source/Seoul%2C_South_Korea))

- [Pyong Lee](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pyong_Lee&action=edit&redlink=1) [[pt](https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyong_Lee)], YouTuber, illusionist, hypnologist (South Korean father)

- [Juliano Son](/source/Juliano_Son), singer and worship minister (South Korean parents)

## See also

- [Brazil portal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Brazil)
- [Korea portal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Korea)

- [Brazil–North Korea relations](/source/Brazil%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations)

- [Brazil–South Korea relations](/source/Brazil%E2%80%93South_Korea_relations)

- [Immigration to Brazil](/source/Immigration_to_Brazil)

- [Asian Brazilians](/source/Asian_Brazilians)

- [Korean diaspora](/source/Korean_diaspora)

- [Chinese Brazilians](/source/Chinese_Brazilians)

- [Japanese Brazilians](/source/Japanese_Brazilians)

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-MOFAT_1-0)** [*재외동포현황*](http://www.mofat.go.kr/consul/overseascitizen/compatriotcondition/index6.jsp?TabMenu=TabMenu6), South Korea: Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade, 2009, retrieved 2009-05-21{{[citation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Citation)}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service ([link](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_deprecated_archival_service))

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Park2009_2-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Park2009_2-1) Park, Kye-young, ed. (2009), ["The Second Generation of Koreans in Brazil: A Portrait"](http://www.international.ucla.edu/media/files/JRP-2008-2009-Im-2nd-Generation-Brazil.pdf) (PDF), *The Korean Immigration in the Americas*, UCLA Center for Korean Studies, retrieved 2013-03-10

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Buddhanet_3-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Buddhanet_3-1) [\[1\]](http://www.buddhanet.info/wbd/search.php?keyword=korean&search=Search&country_id=11&province_id=0) Korean Buddhist congregations in Brazil

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** Matthews, Kevin (2007-07-30). ["Latin American Scholars Meet over Kimchi"](https://web.archive.org/web/20071022155846/http://international.ucla.edu/article.asp?parentid=74931). *UCLA International Institute*. Archived from [the original](http://www.international.ucla.edu/article.asp?parentid=74931) on October 22, 2007.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** Prefeitura da Cidade de São Paulo. [\[2\]](http://www3.prefeitura.sp.gov.br/cadlem/secretarias/negocios_juridicos/cadlem/integra.asp?alt=12012010L%20151100000) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20140115011517/http://www3.prefeitura.sp.gov.br/cadlem/secretarias/negocios_juridicos/cadlem/integra.asp?alt=12012010L%20151100000) 2014-01-15 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine), "Pesquisa de Legislação Municipal Nº 15100", retrieved 14 January 2014

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Joo2010_6-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Joo2010_6-1) Joo, Jong-Taick (2010). ["Culture and Ethnicity in the Korean Transnational Community in Brazil"](http://www.lakis.or.kr/upload/userFile/2011/3/16/11-%C1%D6%C1%BE%C5%C3_Culture_and_Ethnicity_in_the_Korean_Transnational_Community_in_Brazil3.pdf) (PDF). 이베로아메리카. **12** (2): 323–356. Retrieved 2013-03-10.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** Joo, Jong-Taick (2007). ["Korean Return Migrants from Brazil: Ethnic and Economic Aspects"](https://doi.org/10.25024%2Fkj.2007.47.2.160). *Korea Journal*. **47** (2): 160–183. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.25024/kj.2007.47.2.160](https://doi.org/10.25024%2Fkj.2007.47.2.160).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** ["한백문화 사절단"](http://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Contents/SearchNavi?keyword=%EB%B8%8C%EB%9D%BC%EC%A7%88&ridx=20&tot=48). *[Encyclopedia of Korean Culture](/source/Encyclopedia_of_Korean_Culture)*.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-lokkk_9-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-lokkk_9-1) ["브라질한인이민오십년사"](http://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Contents/SearchNavi?keyword=%EB%B8%8C%EB%9D%BC%EC%A7%88&ridx=1&tot=48). *[Encyclopedia of Korean Culture](/source/Encyclopedia_of_Korean_Culture)*.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-10)** ["십자새마을농장"](http://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Contents/SearchNavi?keyword=%EB%B8%8C%EB%9D%BC%EC%A7%88&ridx=37&tot=48). *[Encyclopedia of Korean Culture](/source/Encyclopedia_of_Korean_Culture)*.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-11)** ["뉴스브라질"](http://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Contents/SearchNavi?keyword=%EB%B8%8C%EB%9D%BC%EC%A7%88&ridx=3&tot=48). *[Encyclopedia of Korean Culture](/source/Encyclopedia_of_Korean_Culture)*.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-12)** ["\[Home page\]"](https://web.archive.org/web/20150918030538/http://colegiopolilogos.com.br/wpk/). *[Colégio Polilogos](/source/Col%C3%A9gio_Polilogos) (브라질한국학교)*. Archived from [the original](http://colegiopolilogos.com.br/wpk/) on 2015-09-18. Retrieved 21 September 2015. Rua Solon, 1018 – Bom Retiro São Paulo – SP

1. **[^](#cite_ref-13)** ["Korean School Infomation \[*sic*\] – 브라질한국학교"](https://web.archive.org/web/20061002015049/http://www.interedu.go.kr/edu_net/overseas/sch_formal_inform.htm?no=28&page=1&key=4). *Overseas Korean Educational Institutions*. Archived from [the original](http://www.interedu.go.kr/edu_net/overseas/sch_formal_inform.htm?no=28&page=1&key=4) on October 2, 2006. Retrieved September 21, 2015.

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Korean Brazilians](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_Brazilians) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_Brazilians?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.