# Kodevirion

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The term [kodecyte](/source/kodecyte) is used to describe cells with detectable Function-Spacer-Lipid (FSL) constructs,<ref name="Heathcote2010"/><ref name="Henry2009"/><ref name="Oliver2011a"/><ref name="Oliver2011b"/> and in concert, the term '''kodevirion''' (pronounced co-da-virion), is used to describe [virion](/source/virion)s with detectable FSL constructs.<ref name="Hadac2011"/><ref name="Blake2011"/>

The method for labeling virions with FSL constructs is simple, [non covalent](/source/noncovalent_bonding) and only involves [incubation](/source/Incubator_(culture)) of the virion with the FSL construct in [saline](/source/Saline_water) for a few hours – nothing further is required.<ref name="Hadac2011" /><ref name="Blake2011" /> The FSL construct will spontaneously, stably and quantitatively incorporate into the [virion membrane](/source/viral_membrane). Virions have been labelled with [fluorescent](/source/fluorescent) (FSL-FLRO4) and [radioactive iodine](/source/Iodine_125)  (FSL-125I). FSL-FLRO4 could be shown to label virions in a dose dependent manner and could be visualized by [flow cytometry](/source/flow_cytometry) either directly, or indirectly if the virion had bound to the cell or fused with the cell membrane.<ref name="Blake2011" /> FSLs do not appear to significantly affect the virions [infectivity](/source/infectivity) or their ability to bind target cells, probably because they integrate into the membrane without exposing the virion to chemical agents or covalent modification{{Citation needed|date=June 2011}}.

==See also==
* [Function-Spacer-Lipid construct (Kode™ Technology)](/source/Function-Spacer-Lipid_construct_(Kode%E2%84%A2_Technology))
* [Kodecyte](/source/Kodecyte)

==References==
{{reflist|
refs=
<ref name="Heathcote2010">{{cite journal|vauthors=Heathcote D, Carroll T, Wang JJ, Flower R, Rodionov I, Tuzikov A, Bovin N, Henry S |title=Novel antibody screening cells, MUT+Mur kodecytes, created by attaching peptides onto erythrocytes|journal= Transfusion|doi=10.1111/j.1537-2995.2009.02480.x|volume=50|issue=3|pages=635–641|year=2010|pmid=19912581|s2cid=20952307 }}</ref>
<ref name="Henry2009">{{cite journal|author=Henry S|title=Modification of red blood cells for laboratory quality control use|journal=Current Opinion in Hematology|doi=10.1097/MOH.0b013e328331257e|volume=16|issue=6|pages=467–472|year=2009|pmid=19680123|s2cid=37416831 }}</ref>
<ref name="Oliver2011a">{{cite journal|vauthors=Oliver C, Blake D, Henry S |title=In vivo neutralization of anti-A and successful transfusion of A antigen incompatible red cells in an animal model|journal=Transfusion |doi=10.1111/j.1537-2995.2011.03184.x|year=2011|pmid=21599675|volume=51|issue=12|pages=2664–75|s2cid=205724219 }}</ref>
,<ref name="Oliver2011b">{{cite journal|vauthors=Oliver C, Blake D, Henry S|journal=Transfusion |volume=51 |issue=8 |pages=1723–1730 |doi=10.1111/j.1537-2995.2010.03034.x|year=2011|pmid=21303367|title=Modeling transfusion reactions and predicting in vivo cell survival with kodecytes |s2cid=24736518 }}</ref> and in concert, the term '''kodevirion''' (pronounced co-da-virion), is used to describe [virion](/source/virion)s with detectable Function-Spacer-Lipid (FSL) constructs.
<ref name="Hadac2011">{{cite journal|vauthors=Hadac EM, Federspiel MJ, Chernyy E, Tuzikov A, Korchagina E, Bovin NV, Russell S, Henry SM |title=Fluorescein and radiolabeled Function-Spacer-Lipid constructs allow for simple in vitro and in vivo bioimaging of enveloped virions|journal= Journal of Virological Methods|volume=176|issue=1–2|pages=78–84|year=2011|doi=10.1016/j.jviromet.2011.06.005|pmid=21703308 }}</ref>
<ref name="Blake2011">{{cite journal|vauthors=Blake DA, Bovin NV, Henry SM |title=FSL Constructs: A simple method for modifying cell/virion surfaces with a range of biological markers without affecting their viability<!--|doi=10.3791/3289-->|issue=54 |article-number=e3289|journal=Journal of Visualized Experiments|year=2011|doi=10.3791/3289|pmid=21847082 |pmc=3211133}}</ref>
}}

Category:Biochemistry
Category:Biotechnology
Category:Laboratory techniques
Category:Molecular biology techniques

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Kodevirion](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kodevirion) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kodevirion?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.