# Kerek language
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{{Short description|Extinct Chukotko-Kamchatkan language of northeast Russia}}
{{Expand language|topic=|langcode=ru|otherarticle=Керекский язык|date=March 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}
{{Infobox language
| name = Kerek
| states = [Russia](/source/Russia)
| region = [Chukotka Autonomous Okrug](/source/Chukotka_Autonomous_Okrug)
| ethnicity = [Kereks](/source/Kereks)
| extinct = 2005, with the death of Ekaterina Khatkana[{{cite web|archive-date=2024-02-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240204082726/https://www.rbc.ru/society/04/02/2024/65bcb9089a794788c65d99b2|url-status=live |date=2024-02-04 |title=Перепись населения насчитала в России шесть вымерших и заснувших языков |url=https://www.rbc.ru/society/04/02/2024/65bcb9089a794788c65d99b2 |work=[РБК](/source/%D0%A0%D0%91%D0%9A)}}]
| nativename = {{lang|krk|аӈӄалҕакку}} {{tlit|krk|angqalghakku}}
| ref = e18
| familycolor = Paleosiberian
| fam1 = [Chukotko-Kamchatkan](/source/Chukotko-Kamchatkan_languages)
| fam2 = [Chukotkan](/source/Chukotkan_languages)
| iso3 = krk
| glotto = kere1280
| glottorefname = Kerek
| map = Chukotko-Kamchatkan map.svg
| mapcaption = Pre-contact distribution of Kerek (dark orange) and other [Chukotko-Kamchatkan languages](/source/Chukotko-Kamchatkan_languages)
| map2 = Lang Status 01-EX.svg
| mapcaption2 = {{center|Kerek is classified as Extinct by the [UNESCO](/source/UNESCO) ''[Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger](/source/Atlas_of_the_World's_Languages_in_Danger)'' (2010).}}
| dia1 = Maino-Pilgin
| dia2 = Khatyr
| speakers2 = 4 (2020)[[https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/Tom5_tab7_VPN-2020.xlsx Том 5. «Национальный состав и владение языками». Таблица 7. Население наиболее многочисленных национальностей по родному языку]]
}}
'''Kerek''' ({{langx|ru|link=no|Керекский язык|Kereksky yazyk}}) is an extinct [indigenous](/source/Indigenous_language) language in [Russia](/source/Russia) of the [Chukotkan](/source/Chukotkan_languages) branch of the [Chukotko-Kamchatkan languages](/source/Chukotko-Kamchatkan_languages). Before its extinction, it was spoken by the [Kereks](/source/Kereks) of the [Russian Far East](/source/Russian_Far_East). It went extinct in 2005 with the death of Ekaterina Khatkana.
== Classification ==
On historical linguistic grounds it is most closely related to [Koryak](/source/Koryak_language) (both languages have a [merger](/source/Phonemic_differentiation) of the [Proto-Chukotko-Kamchatkan](/source/Proto-Chukotko-Kamchatkan_language) [phonemes](/source/phonemes) /*ð/ and /*r/ with /*j/). The next closest relative is Chukchi (/*ð/ and /*r/ are merged, but not /*j/).
== Dialects ==
There were two dialects, the Maino-Pilgin and Khatyr dialects.[{{Cite web |title=КЕРЕКСКИЙ ЯЗЫК • Большая российская энциклопедия - электронная версия |url=https://old.bigenc.ru/linguistics/text/5229835 |access-date=2024-04-20 |website=old.bigenc.ru}}]
== Usage ==
In 1997 there were still two speakers remaining, but in 2005 the language went extinct, with the death of Ekaterina Khatkana.[{{Cite web |title=О КМНС |url=https://mobile.atlaskmns.ru/page/ru/people_kereki_persona_1.html |access-date=2024-11-21 |website=mobile.atlaskmns.ru}}][Fortescue, Michael 2005. ''Comparative Chukotko-Kamchatkan Dictionary''. Berlin / New York: Mouton de Gruyter.] According to the 2010 census,[[http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/population/demo/per-itog/tab6.xls 2010 census]] there were 10 people claiming Kerek as their native language, believed to only consist of partial speakers and non-speakers who claim the language as part of their ethnic heritage. In 2020, that number decreased to 4. Over the 20th century, many members of the [Kerek ethnic group](/source/Kereks) [shifted](/source/Language_shift) to [Chukchi](/source/Chukchi_language), the language of the majority ethnic group in the area, but now most [Chukchis](/source/Chukchi_people) and [Kereks](/source/Kereks) speak [Russian](/source/Russian_language).
== Phonology ==
=== Vowels ===
{| class="wikitable" border="1" style="text-align:center;"
|+Vowels of Kerek
!
|-
|{{IPAlink|i}}
|
|{{IPAlink|u}}
|-
|
|{{IPAlink|ə}}
|{{IPAlink|o}}
|-
|
|{{IPAlink|a}}
|
|}
Vowels may be [long](/source/Vowel_length).
=== Consonants ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+Consonants of Kerek
!
|-
|{{IPAlink|p}}
|{{IPAlink|t}}
|
|{{IPAlink|k}}
|{{IPAlink|q}}
|
|{{IPAlink|ʔ}}
|-
|
|
|{{IPAlink|tʃ}}
|
|
|
|
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|{{IPAlink|ʕ}}
|
|-
|{{IPAlink|m}}
|{{IPAlink|n}}
|
|{{IPAlink|ŋ}}
|
|
|
|-
|{{IPAlink|w}}
|{{IPAlink|l}}
|{{IPAlink|j}}
|
|
|
|
|}
Consonants may also be [long](/source/Gemination), {{IPAblink|l}} is [palatalized](/source/Palatalization_(phonetics)) intervocalically, and {{IPAblink|tʃ}} is pronounced as {{IPAblink|s}} by some.[Volodin, 1997]
== Grammar ==
Kerek is an [agglutinative language](/source/Agglutinative_language), meaning that the morphemes build on each other to have different meanings.[{{Cite web|url=http://lingsib.iea.ras.ru/en/languages/kerek.shtml|title=Endangered Languages of Siberia – The Kerek Language|website=lingsib.iea.ras.ru|access-date=10 February 2017}}]
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==External links==
*[http://www.tooyoo.l.u-tokyo.ac.jp/Russia/bibl/Kerek.html Bibliography]
{{Paleosiberian languages}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Kerek Language}}
Category:Agglutinative languages
Category:Chukotko-Kamchatkan languages
Category:Languages of Russia
Category:Extinct languages of Asia
Category:Extinct languages of Russia
---
Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Kerek language](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerek_language) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerek_language?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.