# Keratoderma

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Medical condition

Keratoderma Diffuse keratodermas affect most of the palms and soles. Specialty Dermatology

**Keratoderma** is a local or general thickening of the horny layer of the epidermis.[1]

## Classification

The keratodermas are classified into the following subgroups:[2]: 506

### Congenital

- Simple keratodermas - [Diffuse palmoplantar keratodermas](/source/Diffuse_palmoplantar_keratoderma) - [Diffuse epidermolytic palmoplantar keratoderma](/source/Diffuse_epidermolytic_palmoplantar_keratoderma) - [Diffuse nonepidermolytic palmoplantar keratoderma](/source/Diffuse_nonepidermolytic_palmoplantar_keratoderma) - [mal de Meleda](/source/Mal_de_Meleda) - [Focal palmoplantar keratoderma](/source/Focal_palmoplantar_keratoderma) - [Striate palmoplantar keratoderma](/source/Striate_palmoplantar_keratoderma) - [Punctate palmoplantar keratoderma](/source/Punctate_palmoplantar_keratoderma) - [Keratosis punctata palmaris et plantaris](/source/Keratosis_punctata_palmaris_et_plantaris) - [Spiny keratoderma](/source/Spiny_keratoderma) - [Focal acral hyperkeratosis](/source/Focal_acral_hyperkeratosis)

- Complex keratodermas - [Diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma](/source/Diffuse_palmoplantar_keratoderma) - [Erythrokeratodermia variabilis](/source/Erythrokeratodermia_variabilis) - [Palmoplantar keratoderma of Sybert](/source/Palmoplantar_keratoderma_of_Sybert) - [Olmsted syndrome](/source/Olmsted_syndrome) - [Naegeli–Franceschetti–Jadassohn syndrome](/source/Naegeli%E2%80%93Franceschetti%E2%80%93Jadassohn_syndrome) - [Focal palmoplantar keratoderma](/source/Focal_palmoplantar_keratoderma) - [Papillon–Lefèvre syndrome](/source/Papillon%E2%80%93Lef%C3%A8vre_syndrome) - [Pachyonychia congenita type I](/source/Pachyonychia_congenita_type_I) - [Pachyonychia congenita type II](/source/Pachyonychia_congenita_type_II) - [Focal palmoplantar keratoderma with oral mucosal hyperkeratosis](/source/Focal_palmoplantar_keratoderma_with_oral_mucosal_hyperkeratosis) - [Camisa disease](/source/Camisa_disease) - [Ectodermal dysplasias](/source/Ectodermal_dysplasia) - [Clouston's hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia](/source/Clouston's_hidrotic_ectodermal_dysplasia) - [Acrokeratotic poikiloderma](/source/Acrokeratotic_poikiloderma) - [Dermatopathic pigmentosa reticularis](/source/Dermatopathic_pigmentosa_reticularis) - [Syndromic keratodermas](/source/Syndromic_keratoderma) - [Vohwinkel syndrome](/source/Vohwinkel_syndrome) - [Palmoplantar keratoderma associated with esophageal cancer](/source/Palmoplantar_keratoderma_associated_with_esophageal_cancer) - [Palmoplantar keratoderma and spastic paraplegia](/source/Palmoplantar_keratoderma_and_spastic_paraplegia) - [Naxos disease](/source/Naxos_disease) - [Striate palmoplantar keratoderma, woolly hair, and left ventricular dilated cardiomyopathy](/source/Striate_palmoplantar_keratoderma%2C_woolly_hair%2C_and_left_ventricular_dilated_cardiomyopathy) - [Keratitis-ichthyosis-deafness syndrome](/source/Keratitis-ichthyosis-deafness_syndrome) - [Corneodermatosseous syndrome](/source/Corneodermatosseous_syndrome) - [Huriez syndrome](/source/Huriez_syndrome) - [Oculocutaneous tyrosinemia](/source/Oculocutaneous_tyrosinemia) - [Cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome](/source/Cardiofaciocutaneous_syndrome) - [Schöpf–Schulz–Passarge syndrome](/source/Sch%C3%B6pf%E2%80%93Schulz%E2%80%93Passarge_syndrome)

### Acquired

- Acquired keratodermas - [AIDS-associated keratoderma](/source/AIDS-associated_keratoderma) - [Arsenical keratoses](/source/Arsenical_keratoses) - [Calluses](/source/Calluses) - [Climacteric keratoderma](/source/Climacteric_keratoderma) - [Clavi](/source/Callus#Corns) (Corns) - [Eczema](/source/Eczema) - [Human papillomavirus](/source/Human_papillomavirus) - [Keratoderma blenorrhagicum](/source/Keratoderma_blenorrhagicum) - [Lichen planus](/source/Lichen_planus) - [Norwegian scabies](/source/Norwegian_scabies) - [Paraneoplastic keratoderma](/source/Paraneoplastic_keratoderma) - [Psoriasis](/source/Psoriasis) - [Reactive arthritis](/source/Reactive_arthritis) - [Secondary syphilis](/source/Secondary_syphilis) - [Tinea pedis](/source/Tinea_pedis) - [Sézary syndrome](/source/S%C3%A9zary_syndrome) - [Tuberculosis verrucosa cutis](/source/Tuberculosis_verrucosa_cutis) - [Drug-induced keratoderma](/source/Drug-induced_keratoderma)[3]

## See also

- [Palmoplantar keratoderma](/source/Palmoplantar_keratoderma)

- [List of cutaneous conditions](/source/List_of_cutaneous_conditions)

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)** ["keratoderma"](https://www.oed.com/search/dictionary/?q=keratoderma). *[Oxford English Dictionary](/source/Oxford_English_Dictionary)* (online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or [participating institution membership](https://www.oed.com/public/login/loggingin#withyourlibrary) required.)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Fitz2_2-0)** Freedberg, et al. (2003). *Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine*. (6th ed.). McGraw-Hill. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-07-138076-0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-07-138076-0).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Bolognia_3-0)** Rapini, Ronald P.; Bolognia, Jean L.; Jorizzo, Joseph L. (2007). *Dermatology: 2-Volume Set*. St. Louis: Mosby. p. 778. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-4160-2999-1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4160-2999-1).

## External links

Classification D ICD-10: L85.1, L86, Q82.8 SNOMED CT: 707209001

v t e Cutaneous keratosis, ulcer, atrophy, and necrobiosis Epidermal thickening keratoderma: Keratoderma climactericum Paraneoplastic keratoderma Acrokeratosis paraneoplastica of Bazex Aquagenic keratoderma Drug-induced keratoderma psoriasis Keratoderma blennorrhagicum keratosis: Seborrheic keratosis Clonal seborrheic keratosis Common seborrheic keratosis Irritated seborrheic keratosis Seborrheic keratosis with squamous atypia Reticulated seborrheic keratosis Dermatosis papulosa nigra Keratosis punctata of the palmar creases other hyperkeratosis: Acanthosis nigricans Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis Callus Ichthyosis acquisita Arsenical keratosis Chronic scar keratosis Hyperkeratosis lenticularis perstans Hydrocarbon keratosis Hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola Inverted follicular keratosis Lichenoid keratosis Multiple minute digitate hyperkeratosis PUVA keratosis Reactional keratosis Stucco keratosis Thermal keratosis Viral keratosis Warty dyskeratoma Waxy keratosis of childhood other hypertrophy: Keloid Hypertrophic scar Cutis verticis gyrata Necrobiosis/granuloma Necrobiotic/palisading Granuloma annulare Perforating Generalized Subcutaneous Granuloma annulare in HIV disease Localized granuloma annulare Patch-type granuloma annulare Necrobiosis lipoidica Annular elastolytic giant-cell granuloma Granuloma multiforme Necrobiotic xanthogranuloma Palisaded neutrophilic and granulomatous dermatitis Rheumatoid nodulosis Interstitial granulomatous dermatitis/Interstitial granulomatous drug reaction Foreign body granuloma Beryllium granuloma Mercury granuloma Silica granuloma Silicone granuloma Zirconium granuloma Tattoo Carbon stain Other/ungrouped eosinophilic dermatosis Granuloma faciale Dermis/ localized CTD Cutaneous lupus erythematosus chronic: Discoid Panniculitis subacute: Neonatal ungrouped: Chilblain Lupus erythematosus–lichen planus overlap syndrome Tumid Verrucous Rowell's syndrome Scleroderma/ Morphea Localized scleroderma Localized morphea Morphea–lichen sclerosus et atrophicus overlap Generalized morphea Atrophoderma of Pasini and Pierini Pansclerotic morphea Morphea profunda Linear scleroderma Atrophic/ atrophoderma Lichen sclerosus Anetoderma Schweninger–Buzzi anetoderma Jadassohn–Pellizzari anetoderma Atrophoderma of Pasini and Pierini Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans Semicircular lipoatrophy Follicular atrophoderma Linear atrophoderma of Moulin Atrophia maculosa varioliformis cutis Perforating Kyrle disease Reactive perforating collagenosis Elastosis perforans serpiginosa Perforating folliculitis Acquired perforating dermatosis Skin ulcer Pyoderma gangrenosum Other Calcinosis cutis Sclerodactyly Poikiloderma vasculare atrophicans Ainhum/Pseudo-ainhum

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Keratoderma](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keratoderma) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keratoderma?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.