# Kenneth McIntyre > Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Kenneth_McIntyre > Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Kenneth_McIntyre.md > Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth_McIntyre > Source revision: 1355409618 > License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) Australian lawyer and historian For the musician, see [Makanda Ken McIntyre](/source/Makanda_Ken_McIntyre). **Kenneth Gordon McIntyre** [OBE](/source/Officer_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire), [ComIH](/source/Order_of_Prince_Henry) (22 August 1910 – 20 May 2004) was an Australian lawyer and historian. ## Life and career McIntyre was born in [Geelong](/source/Geelong) in 1910 and graduated from Geelong College as Dux of the School in 1926.[1] He went on to study Arts and Law at the [University of Melbourne](/source/University_of_Melbourne) and on graduation taught at the University from 1931 to 1945. In 1945 he left his teaching position and took on a legal practice in [Box Hill](/source/Box_Hill%2C_Victoria), [Melbourne](/source/Melbourne) and stood for mayor. He won the election and took a special interest in [housing cooperatives](/source/Housing_cooperative). For his work as Mayor of Box Hill he was appointed an Officer of the [Order of the British Empire](/source/Order_of_the_British_Empire) in the 1962 New Year's Day Honours.[2] On retiring from public office in 1956, McIntyre returned to a passion for Portuguese history and undertook his main work on [early Portuguese exploration of Australia](/source/Theory_of_the_Portuguese_discovery_of_Australia#Kenneth_McIntyre_and_development_of_the_theory_in_the_20th_century). After its publication in 1977, *The Secret Discovery of Australia*, which revived and expanded on earlier ideas about the possible Portuguese exploration and mapping of Australia in the sixteenth century, quickly became well known and contentious.[3] The Portuguese Government awarded McIntyre the *Commander of the Order of Prince Henry the Navigator* in 1983 for his work in researching and publicising Portuguese exploration.[1] Following his death in 2004, McIntyre's family donated papers and documents, relating to the Portuguese voyages and the early mapping of the western Pacific, to the manuscript collection at the [National Library of Australia](/source/National_Library_of_Australia).[4] McIntyre's interest in mathematics led him to develop a mathematical system for managing the finals in what was then known as the [Victorian Football League](/source/Australian_Football_League) (VFL).[1] The four-team [algorithm](/source/Algorithm) developed by McIntyre determined which teams would compete in the grand final. Known primarily and globally as the [Page playoff system](/source/Page_playoff_system), although also locally as the Page-McIntyre system, it was first implemented in the [1931 VFL season](/source/1931_VFL_season) and remains widely used in sports. McIntyre later developed further finals systems, all of which universally bear his name as the [McIntyre system](/source/McIntyre_system): The McIntyre Final Five system, which was first used in 1972, also remains in wide use across Australia for five-teams finals tournaments; the McIntyre Final Six system was first used in 1991; and the McIntyre Final Eight system was first used in 1994, and by the [National Rugby League](/source/National_Rugby_League) as recently as 2011. McIntyre also took an interest in constitutional law, and in 1950 he developed amendments to the method for electing the [Senate](/source/Australian_Senate) in a [double dissolution](/source/Double_dissolution) election. With the [1951 double dissolution election](/source/1951_Australian_federal_election) not yet triggered but considered inevitable, McIntyre noted that the extant circumstances – the [single transferable vote](/source/Single_Transferable_Vote) with [proportional representation](/source/Proportional_representation) method which had been adopted by the Senate in 1949, the close opinion polls between the two major parties, and no minor parties with a credible chance of winning a seat – meant that a 5–5 result for senators elected in each of the six states, leading to an overall 30–30 deadlock, was highly likely.[5][6] McIntyre proposed that there be separate ballots for five half-term senators and five full-term senators – rather than a single ballot for all ten senators – resulting in the final result being a composite of twelve 3–2 results and therefore more likely to deliver an overall majority.[7] His suggestion formed the basis of the Constitution (Avoidance of Double Dissolution Deadlocks) Bill, which passed the House of Representatives, but was defeated at Senate committee and never reached a referendum.[8] When the 1951 election was finally held, the government won a 32–28 majority under the unchanged system, with Queensland and Western Australia each electing six [Coalition](/source/Coalition_(Australia)) senators.[9] ## Bibliography - *The Secret Discovery of Australia : Portuguese ventures 200 years before Captain Cook* (Souvenir Press, 1977) [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-285-62303-6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-285-62303-6) - *The Rebello transcripts : Governor Phillip's Portuguese prelude* (Souvenir Press, 1984) [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-285-62603-5](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-285-62603-5) ## See also - [Theory of the Portuguese discovery of Australia](/source/Theory_of_the_Portuguese_discovery_of_Australia) - [Mahogany Ship](/source/Mahogany_Ship) ## References 1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Map_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Map_1-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-Map_1-2) ["OBITUARIES Kenneth Gordon McIntyre, OBE 22 Aug 1910 – 20 May 2004"](https://web.archive.org/web/20110904043841/http://www.anzmaps.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/news92.pdf) (PDF). [The Australian Map Circle Inc.](/source/Australian_and_New_Zealand_Map_Society) Archived from [the original](http://www.anzmaps.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/news92.pdf) (PDF) on 4 September 2011. Retrieved 26 August 2010. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** ["McINTYRE, Kenneth George"](https://honours.pmc.gov.au/honours/awards/1108614). *It's an Honour: Australia Celebrating Australians*. Australian Government. Retrieved 12 November 2012. Note: The record erroneously refers to him as Kenneth *George* McIntyre 1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** ["Portuguese claims on Australia under siege"](http://www.geelongadvertiser.com.au/article/2007/01/22/1003_opinion.html). *Geelong Advertiser*. 22 January 2007. Retrieved 4 September 2007. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-NLA_4-0)** ["Recent Acquisition Highlights (December 2004) - Manuscripts"](http://www.nla.gov.au/collect/newaq/200412.html). National Library of Australia. Retrieved 4 September 2007.;National Library of Australia MS Acc04/207 1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** "Referendum to avoid Senate deadlock". *The Canberra Times*. 5 May 1950. p. 4. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** ["People and Senate"](https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/248324145). *The Herald*. 20 March 1951. p. 4. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** "Inventor explains basis of scheme". *The Herald*. Melbourne, VIC. 5 May 1950. p. 5. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** "New deadlock looms". *The Sydney Morning Herald*. 5 March 1951. p. 1. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-9)** ["The Federal mandate"](https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/48198279). *The West Australian*. 25 May 1951. p. 2. ## Sources - Obituary in *The Age* 15 June 2004 ## External links - Nixon, Bob. ["A fresh perspective on the Mahogany Ship"](https://web.archive.org/web/20130327212623/http://www.skeptics.com.au/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/theskeptic/2001/1.pdf) (PDF). *The Skeptic*. Australian Skeptics. Archived from [the original](http://www.skeptics.com.au/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/theskeptic/2001/1.pdf) (PDF) on 27 March 2013. Retrieved 14 November 2012. Authority control databases International ISNI VIAF GND WorldCat National United States Netherlands Israel People Trove Other IdRef Open Library SNAC Yale LUX --- Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Kenneth McIntyre](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth_McIntyre) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth_McIntyre?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.