# Kenneth Douglas

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{{Short description|British general}}
{{For|the New Zealand trade unionist|Ken Douglas}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2021}}
Lieutenant-General '''Sir Kenneth MacKenzie Douglas, 1st Baronet''' (born '''Kenneth MacKenzie'''; 1754–1833) was the first baronet of the  [Douglas of Glenbervie, Kincardine Baronetcy](/source/Douglas_baronets) (second creation). He was created baronet in 1831.<ref name="Rose">[https://books.google.com/books?id=qVwMAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA386 ''A New General Biographical Dictionary'', Hugh James Rose]</ref>

Born as Kenneth MacKenzie in [Dundee](/source/Dundee) in 1754, his father was Kenneth Mackenzie, of [Kilcoy](/source/Kilcoy_Castle), [Ross-shire](/source/Ross-shire), and his mother Janet, a daughter of [Sir Robert Douglas, 6th Baronet of Glenbervie](/source/Sir_Robert_Douglas%2C_6th_Baronet) (first creation).<ref name="DNB">Gates, David (2004). [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/7910 'Mackenzie, Kenneth (later Sir Kenneth Douglas, first baronet) (1754–1833)'], ''[Oxford Dictionary of National Biography](/source/Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography)'', [Oxford University Press](/source/Oxford_University_Press). Retrieved 19 June 2008</ref>

He was commissioned as an [ensign](/source/ensign_(rank)) in the [33rd Foot](/source/33rd_Foot) in 1767, and was promoted [lieutenant](/source/first_lieutenant) in 1775. MacKenzie transferred to the [14th Foot](/source/14th_Foot) in 1783.<ref name="DNB"/> He served in [Guernsey](/source/Guernsey), the [West Indies](/source/West_Indies), [Flanders](/source/Flanders), [Gibraltar](/source/Gibraltar), and [Egypt](/source/Egypt).<ref name="Rose"/> He joined the [90th Foot](/source/90th_Foot) in 1794, when, under Thomas Graham, (later Lord Lynedoch), he trained light company troops. On the death of Lieutenant-Colonel Ogilvie of the [44th Foot](/source/44th_Foot), Mackenzie transferred to that regiment, taking command.<ref name="DNB"/>

Following a decision by the British Army to train some [line regiments](/source/Line_infantry) in [light infantry](/source/light_infantry) techniques, [Sir John Moore](/source/John_Moore_(British_Army_officer)), a proponent of the light infantry model, offered his own regiment of line infantry, the [52nd (Oxfordshire) Regiment of Foot](/source/52nd_(Oxfordshire)_Regiment_of_Foot), for this training, at [Shorncliffe Camp](/source/Shorncliffe_Army_Camp).<ref name="Chappell">Chappell, Mike (2004). ''Wellington's Peninsula Regiments (2): The Light Infantry'', Oxford: [Osprey Publishing](/source/Osprey_Publishing), pp. 11–12. {{ISBN|978-1-84176-403-0}}</ref> Mackenzie was appointed lieutenant colonel of the 52nd.<ref name="DNB"/> They formed a [brigade](/source/brigade) with the 95th Rifles, and three line regiments. Much of the training was undertaken by Lieutenant-Colonel Kenneth MacKenzie, who devised many of the tactics of light infantry training,<ref name="Chappell"/> He was responsible for many of the drills and exercises of the "[Shorncliffe System](/source/History_of_British_light_infantry)".<ref name="DNB"/>

Injured after a fall from a horse in late 1803, he took leave, during which time he married Rachel Andrews, of Shorncliffe. (They had 6 sons and one daughter.) He saw some active service at [Cádiz](/source/C%C3%A1diz), but his health remained poor, and he spent most of the war convalescing in England.<ref name="DNB"/> In 1811 he was given command of the light infantry troops then in England. In early 1814 he served under [Thomas Graham](/source/Thomas_Graham%2C_1st_Baron_Lynedoch) in the Netherlands, commanding the 2nd Division in the Expeditionary Corps. During the [Hundred Days](/source/Hundred_Days) he commanded the [citadel of Antwerp](/source/citadel_of_Antwerp).<ref name="Rose"/>

Made baronet in 1831 he also changed his surname to Douglas that year. He died in 1833 and was succeeded by his son Robert Andrew Douglas.<ref name="DNB"/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{UK National Archives ID}}
* [http://www.kentarchaeology.org.uk/Research/Libr/MIs/MIsHythe/01.htm Monument inscription, Hythe Church]

{{s-start}}
{{s-mil}}
{{s-bef|before=[Lord Frederick Bentinck](/source/Lord_Frederick_Bentinck)}}
{{s-ttl|title=Colonel of the [58th (Rutlandshire) Regiment of Foot](/source/58th_(Rutlandshire)_Regiment_of_Foot)|years=1828&ndash;1833}}
{{s-aft|after=[Frederick Maitland](/source/Frederick_Maitland)}}
{{s-reg|uk-bt}}
{{s-new|Creation}}
{{s-ttl|title=[Baronet](/source/Douglas_baronets)<br />'''(of Glenbervie)''' | years=1831–1833}}
{{s-aft|after=Robert Douglas}}
{{s-end}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Douglas, Kenneth}}
Category:1754 births
Category:1833 deaths
Category:British Army lieutenant generals
Category:33rd Regiment of Foot officers
Category:44th Regiment of Foot officers
Category:52nd Regiment of Foot officers
Category:British Army personnel of the Napoleonic Wars
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Category:People from Ross and Cromarty

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Kenneth Douglas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth_Douglas) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth_Douglas?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.