# Kallima

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Genus of butterflies

Oakleafs Kallima inachus, showing the leaf-like appearance of the closed wings, which is typical of the genus. Kallima paralekta, male showing the brilliant colors of the upper surfaces of the wings. Scientific classification Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Arthropoda Clade: Pancrustacea Class: Insecta Order: Lepidoptera Family: Nymphalidae Tribe: Kallimini Genus: Kallima Doubleday, 1849 Type species Paphia paralekta Horsfield, [1829] Species See text

***Kallima***, known as the **oakleaf** or **oak leaf butterflies**, is a genus of [butterflies](/source/Butterflies) of the [subfamily](/source/Subfamily) [Nymphalinae](/source/Nymphalinae) in the family [Nymphalidae](/source/Nymphalidae). They are found in [east](/source/East_Asia), [south](/source/South_Asia) and [southeast Asia](/source/Southeast_Asia). Their common name is a reference to the lower surface of their wings, which is various shades of brown like a dead leaf.

When the wings are held closed, this results in a remarkable [masquerade](/source/Mimicry) of a dead [leaf](/source/Leaf), further emphasized by their wing shape.[1]

## Taxonomy

This genus has traditionally also included a number of African species, but they are now usually placed in *[Kallimoides](/source/Kallimoides)*, *[Junonia](/source/Junonia)* (alternatively in *Kamilla*) and *[Mallika](/source/Mallika_(butterfly))*. The following species are currently members of the genus *Kallima*:[2][3]

- *[Kallima albofasciata](/source/Kallima_albofasciata)* Moore, 1877 – Andaman oakleaf

- *[Kallima alompra](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kallima_alompra&action=edit&redlink=1)* Moore, 1879 – scarce blue oak leaf

- *[Kallima buxtoni](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kallima_buxtoni&action=edit&redlink=1)* Moore, 1879

- *[Kallima horsfieldii](/source/Kallima_horsfieldii)* (Kollar, 1844) – Sahyadri blue oakleaf[4]

- *[Kallima inachus](/source/Kallima_inachus)* (Boisduval, 1846) – orange oakleaf, Indian oakleaf, dead leaf

- *[Kallima limborgii](/source/Kallima_limborgii)* Moore, 1879 – Peninsular Malaya leaf butterfly

- *[Kallima knyvetti](/source/Kallima_knyvetti)* de Nicéville, 1886 – scarce blue oakleaf

- *[Kallima paralekta](/source/Kallima_paralekta)* (Horsfield, 1829) – Indian leafwing

- *[Kallima philarchus](/source/Kallima_philarchus)* (Westwood, 1848) – Ceylon blue oakleaf

- *[Kallima spiridiva](/source/Kallima_spiridiva)* Grose-Smith, 1885

## Gallery

		- *[Kallima philarchus](/source/Kallima_philarchus)*

		- *[Kallima paralekta](/source/Kallima_paralekta)* female

		- *[Kallima horsfieldii](/source/Kallima_horsfieldii)*

		- *[Kallima inachus](/source/Kallima_inachus)*

		- *[Kallima limborgi](/source/Kallima_limborgi)*

## References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to [Kallima](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Kallima).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)** [Cott, Hugh](/source/Hugh_B._Cott) (1940). *[Adaptive Coloration in Animals](/source/Adaptive_Coloration_in_Animals)*. Oxford University Press. pp. 318–320.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** ["*Kallima* Doubleday, \[1849\]"](http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/sci/bio/life/insecta/lepidoptera/ditrysia/papilionoidea/nymphalidae/nymphalinae/kallima/#11801) at Markku Savela's *Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms*

1. **[^](#cite_ref-shirozu_3-0)** Takashi Shirôzu & Akinori Nakanishi (1984). ["A revision of the genus *Kallima* Doubleday (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae)"](http://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/110007707515/en). *Tyô to Ga*. **34** (3): 97–110.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-ifb_4-0)** Valappil, B. and K. Saji. 2015. Kallima horsfieldii Kollar, 1844 – Blue Oakleaf. Kunte, K., P. Roy, S. Kalesh and U. Kodandaramaiah (eds.). Butterflies of India, v. 2.20. Indian Foundation for Butterflies.[http://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/sp/553/Kallima-horsfieldii](http://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/sp/553/Kallima-horsfieldii)

Taxon identifiers Kallima Wikidata: Q1768045 Wikispecies: Kallima BioLib: 128918 BOLD: 7089 ButMoth: 15076.0 CoL: 92CNS EoL: 19404 GBIF: 1909588 iNaturalist: 67981 Insecta.pro: 13742 IRMNG: 1424077 LepIndex: 158453 NCBI: 127345 Open Tree of Life: 552630

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