# Kalanchak

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> Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalanchak
> Source revision: 1354910046
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{{short description|Rural locality in Kherson Oblast, Ukraine}}
{{Infobox settlement
| official_name      = Kalanchak
| settlement_type    = [Rural settlement](/source/Rural_settlement_(Ukraine))
| image_skyline      = Пам'ятний знак жертвам голодомору 1932 – 1933 рр., Каланчак,.jpg
| imagesize          = 
| image_caption      = Memorial to [Holodomor](/source/Holodomor) victims
| image_flag         = Kalanchak prapor.gif
| image_shield       = Kalanchak gerb.gif
| subdivision_type   = Country
| subdivision_name   = {{UKR}}
| subdivision_type1  = [Oblast](/source/Oblasts_of_Ukraine)
| subdivision_name1  = [Kherson Oblast](/source/Kherson_Oblast)
| subdivision_type2  = [Raion](/source/Raions_of_Ukraine)
| subdivision_name2  = [Skadovsk Raion](/source/Skadovsk_Raion)
| subdivision_type3  = [Hromada](/source/Hromada)
| subdivision_name3  = [Kalanchak settlement hromada](/source/Kalanchak_settlement_hromada)
| established_title  = 
| established_date   = 
| timezone           = 
| utc_offset         = 
| timezone_DST       = 
| utc_offset_DST     = 
| pushpin_map        = Ukraine Kherson Oblast#Ukraine
| pushpin_label_position = 
| pushpin_map_caption = 
| pushpin_mapsize    = 
| pushpin_relief     = 1
| coordinates        = {{coord|46|15|08|N|33|17|26|E|display=inline}}
| elevation_footnotes = 
| elevation_m        = 
| elevation_ft       = 
| population_as_of   = 2022
| population_note    = 
| population_total   = {{decrease}} 8977
| area_total_km2     = 21.706
| postal_code_type   = [Postal code](/source/Postal_code)
| postal_code        = 75800
| area_code          = +380-5530
| website            = 
}}
'''Kalanchak''' ({{langx|uk|Каланчак}}, {{langx|ru|Каланчак}}) is a [rural settlement](/source/Populated_places_in_Ukraine) in [Skadovsk Raion](/source/Skadovsk_Raion), [Kherson Oblast](/source/Kherson_Oblast), southern [Ukraine](/source/Ukraine).<ref name="kalanrada">{{cite web|url=http://kalanrada.ks.ua/glavnaya_stranitsa|publisher=kalanrada.ks.ua|title=Главная страница Каланчацька селищна рада|accessdate=2016-11-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305072314/http://kalanrada.ks.ua/glavnaya_stranitsa|archive-date=2016-03-05|url-status=dead}}</ref> It hosts the administration of the [Kalanchak settlement hromada](/source/Kalanchak_settlement_hromada), one of the [hromada](/source/hromada)s of Ukraine.<ref name="admreform_2020_kalanchak">{{cite web |title=Каланчацкая громада |url=https://gromada.info/ru/obschina/kalanchacka/ |publisher=Портал об'єднаних громад України |language=ru}}</ref> It has a population of {{Ua-pop-est2022|8977|.}}

== History ==
{{Expand section|date=July 2022}}
thumb|left|upright|Monument to first inhabitants of Kalanchak
In the Middle Ages, there was a fortification referred to as {{Lang|crh|kale-kucuk}} (small fortress in [Crimean Tatar](/source/Crimean_Tatars)). The settlement was founded in 1794 as a home for exiled participants in the Turbai uprising.<ref name="Kubijovyc2016">{{cite book |author=Volodymyr Kubijovyc |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R0ZEDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT1169 |title=Encyclopedia of Ukraine: Volume II: G-K |date=26 May 2016 |publisher=University of Toronto Press, Scholarly Publishing Division |isbn=978-1-4426-5118-0 |page=1169}}</ref>

During the [Ukrainian War of Independence](/source/Ukrainian_War_of_Independence), from 1917 to 1920, it passed between various factions. Afterwards, it was administratively part of the [Mykolaiv Governorate](/source/Mykolaiv_Governorate) of Ukraine.<ref>{{cite map|author=С. Хургін|title=Адміністраційна Мапа Української Соц. Рад. Республіки|year=1922|scale=1:1,680,000|publisher=Народний комісаріат внутрішніх справ|location=Kharkiv|language=uk}}</ref>

Until 18 July 2020, Kalanchak was the administrative center of [Kalanchak Raion](/source/Kalanchak_Raion). The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Kherson Oblast to five. The area of Kalanchak Raion was merged into Skadovsk Raion.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Про утворення та ліквідацію районів. Постанова Верховної Ради України № 807-ІХ.|url=http://www.golos.com.ua/article/333466|access-date=2020-10-03|date=2020-07-18|website=Голос України|language=uk}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Нові райони: карти + склад |url=https://www.minregion.gov.ua/press/news/novi-rajony-karty-sklad/ |publisher=Міністерство розвитку громад та територій України |language=Ukrainian}}</ref>

thumb|Ukrainian checkpoint for the ''de facto'' border between Ukraine and Russian-occupied Crimea in 2021
Kalanchak became the site of the first attack on Ukraine during the [Russian invasion of Ukraine](/source/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine), when Russian soldiers attacked an outpost in the town.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ukraine-Russia conflict: First pictures from ground zero |url=https://www.wionews.com/photos/ukraine-russia-conflict-first-pictures-455872 |access-date=2022-08-10 |website=WION |language=en}}</ref>

On 25 February 2022, the second day of the [Russian invasion of Ukraine](/source/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine), Kalanchak appeared in the Russian-controlled area on a map published by the [Institute for the Study of War](/source/Institute_for_the_Study_of_War).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/russia-ukraine-warning-update-russian-offensive-campaign-assessment-february-25-2022|title=Institute for the Study of War|language=en|website=Institute for the Study of War|access-date=2025-03-09|archive-date=2022-05-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220508213626/https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/russia-ukraine-warning-update-russian-offensive-campaign-assessment-february-25-2022|url-status=live}}</ref>

Until 26 January 2024, Kalanchak was designated [urban-type settlement](/source/urban-type_settlement). On this day, a new law entered into force which abolished this status, and Kalanchak became a rural settlement.<ref name="glavnoe">{{cite news |title=Что изменится в Украине с 1 января |url=https://glavnoe.in.ua/ru/novosti/chto-yzmenytsya-v-ukrayne-s-1-yanvarya |work=glavnoe.in.ua |language=ru| date=1 January 2024}}</ref>

==Demographics==
As of the [2001 Ukrainian census](/source/2001_Ukrainian_census), Kalanchak had a population of 11,116 inhabitants, which was almost entirely ethnically [Ukrainian](/source/Ukrainians). Small [Russian](/source/Russians_in_Ukraine), [Armenian](/source/Armenians), [Moldovan](/source/Moldovans), [Belarusian](/source/Belarusians) minorities also live in the town, as well as some [Romani people](/source/Romani_people). The native language composition was as follows:<ref>{{cite web | url=https://socialdata.org.ua/projects/mova-2001/ | title=Рідні мови в об'єднаних територіальних громадах України }}</ref>
{{bar box|title=Native Languages in Kalanchak|titlebar=#ddd|left1=|right1=percent|bars={{bar percent|[Ukrainian](/source/Ukrainian_language)|dodgerblue|92.6}}
{{bar percent|[Russian](/source/Russian_language_in_Ukraine)|purple|6.7}}
{{bar percent|[Armenian](/source/Armenian_language)|brown|0.2}}
{{bar percent|[Belarusian](/source/Belarusian_language)|red|0.1}}
{{bar percent|[Moldovan](/source/Moldovan_language)|pink|0.1}}
{{bar percent|[Romani](/source/Romani_language)|black|0.1}}
{{bar percent|others|gray|0.1}}}}

==Transportation==
[Kalanchak railway station](/source/Kalanchak_railway_station) is located in [Myrne](/source/Myrne%2C_Skadovsk_Raion%2C_Kherson_Oblast) approximately {{convert|10|km|mi}} east of the settlement. It is on the railway which used to connect [Kherson](/source/Kherson) with [Dzhankoi](/source/Dzhankoi); however, after the [Russian annexation of Crimea in 2014](/source/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation), the trains only run as far as [Vadym](/source/Vadim_railway_station), close to the border with Crimea. There is infrequent passenger traffic.

The settlement has access to [Highway M17](/source/Highway_M17_(Ukraine)), which runs north to Kherson and south to the border with Crimea.

== See also ==

* [Russian occupation of Kherson Oblast](/source/Russian_occupation_of_Kherson_Oblast)

==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Authority control}}

Category:Rural settlements in Skadovsk Raion
Category:Russia–Ukraine border crossings
Category:1790s establishments in Ukraine
Category:1794 establishments in the Russian Empire
Category:Populated places established in 1794

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Kalanchak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalanchak) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalanchak?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.