# Jure matris

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{{Short description|Latin phrase meaning "by right of his mother"}}
'''''Jure matris''''' ('''''iure matris''''') is a [Latin](/source/Latin) phrase meaning "by right of his mother" or "in right of his mother".

It is commonly encountered in the law of [inheritance](/source/inheritance) when a noble title or other right passes from mother to son. It is also used in the context of monarchy in cases where a woman holds a title in her own right but grants exercise of the power to her son. In many cultures it was common for the husband of a titled woman to [exercise power on her behalf](/source/Jure_uxoris), and sometimes after his death she allowed their son and heir the same privilege during her lifetime.

==Notable ''jure matris'' rulers==
* [Baldwin III of Jerusalem](/source/Baldwin_III_of_Jerusalem) was ''jure matris'' [King of Jerusalem](/source/List_of_Kings_of_Jerusalem) from 1143 to 1153 through his mother [Melisende](/source/Melisende_of_Jerusalem).<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mayer |first=Hans Eberhard |date=1972 |title=Studies in the History of Queen Melisende of Jerusalem |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1291317 |journal=Dumbarton Oaks Papers |volume=26 |pages=93–182 |doi=10.2307/1291317 |issn=0070-7546|url-access=subscription }}</ref>
* [Henry II of England](/source/Henry_II_of_England) was ''jure matris'' [King of England](/source/List_of_English_Monarchs) from 1154 to 1189 through his mother [Empress Matilda](/source/Empress_Matilda).<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Thompson |first=Kathleen Hapgood |date=1996 |title=Dowry and Inheritance Patterns: Some Examples from the Descendants of King Henry I of England |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/44946234 |journal=Medieval Prosopography |volume=17 |issue=2 |pages=45–61 |issn=0198-9405}}</ref>
* [Richard the Lionheart](/source/Richard_I_of_England) and his brother [John](/source/John%2C_King_of_England) were ''jure matris'' [Dukes of Aquitaine](/source/Duke_of_Aquitaine) from 1189 to 1199 and 1199 to 1204 respectively through their mother [Eleanor](/source/Eleanor_of_Aquitaine), who was Duchess of Aquitaine in her own right.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Flori |first=Jean |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iPugEQAAQBAJ&lpg=PR5&ots=iNSIHyT-sp&dq=Duchess%20of%20Aquitaine%20Richard%20the%20Lionheart&lr&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=false |title=Richard the Lionheart |date=2019-07-29 |publisher=Edinburgh University Press |isbn=978-1-4744-6822-0 |language=en}}</ref>
* [Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor](/source/Charles_V%2C_Holy_Roman_Emperor), was [King of Castile](/source/List_of_Castilian_monarchs) through his mother [Joanna](/source/Joanna_of_Castile) from 1516 to 1555 (Joanna was actually effectively kept imprisoned for insanity and powerless).<ref>{{Cite book |last=Kagarlitsky |first=Boris |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ANfpAwAAQBAJ&lpg=PT137&pg=PT137#v=onepage&q&f=false |title=From Empires to Imperialism: The State and the Rise of Bourgeois Civilisation |date=2014-06-27 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-317-66870-1 |language=en}}</ref>
* [Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor](/source/Joseph_II%2C_Holy_Roman_Emperor), was [Archduke of Austria](/source/Archduke_of_Austria) from 1765 to 1780 through his mother [Maria Theresa](/source/Maria_Theresa).<ref>{{Cite book |last=Beales |first=Derek |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Iq049fDt300C&lpg=PR10&ots=mdouJy0pu2&dq=joseph%20II%20archduke%20of%20austria%20mother&lr&pg=PR10#v=onepage&q=joseph%20II%20archduke%20of%20austria%20mother&f=false |title=Joseph II: Volume 1, In the Shadow of Maria Theresa, 1741-1780 |date=2008-05-15 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-52588-6 |language=en}}</ref>

==See also==
* ''[Jure uxoris](/source/Jure_uxoris)''
* [List of Latin phrases](/source/List_of_Latin_phrases)
* [List of queens regnant](/source/List_of_queens_regnant)
* [Primogeniture](/source/Primogeniture)
* ''[Suo jure](/source/Suo_jure)''

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Jure matris}}
Category:Nobility
Category:Latin legal terminology
Category:Genealogy
Category:Heirs apparent
Category:Inheritance
Category:Mothers' rights

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Jure matris](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jure_matris) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jure_matris?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.