# Juliusz Zulauf

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{{Short description|Polish Army's Brigadier General}}
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{{Infobox military person
| name          = Juliusz Zulauf
| nickname      = 
| image         = Juliusz Zulauf.jpg
| caption       = 
| rank          = Generał brygady
| birth_date    = {{Birth date|1891|8|20|df=y}}
| birth_place   = [Lemberg](/source/Lviv), [Galicia](/source/Galicia_(Central_Europe)), [Austrian Empire](/source/Austrian_Empire)
| death_date    = {{death date and age|1943|5|21|1891|8|20|df=y}}
| death_place   = [Oflag VII-A Murnau](/source/Oflag_VII-A_Murnau), [Murnau](/source/Murnau_am_Staffelsee), [Nazi Germany](/source/Nazi_Germany)
| service_years = 1913–1943
| commands      = [CO](/source/commanding_officer) of the [5th Infantry Division](/source/Polish_5th_Infantry_Division)
| battles       = [World War I](/source/World_War_I), [Polish-Ukrainian War](/source/Polish-Ukrainian_War), [Polish-Soviet War](/source/Polish-Soviet_War), [Invasion of Poland (1939)](/source/Invasion_of_Poland_(1939))
| awards        = 40px|Cross of the Valorous 4 times 40px|Virtuti Militari 40px|Virtuti Militari 40px|Cross of Independence 40px|Krzyz Zaslugi
}}
'''Juliusz Zulauf''' (20 August 1891 – 21 May 1943) was a [Polish Army](/source/Polish_Army) [brigadier general](/source/brigadier_general) (''generał brygady''). A recipient of the ''[Virtuti Militari](/source/Virtuti_Militari)'', he fought with distinction during  [World War I](/source/World_War_I), the [Polish-Ukrainian War](/source/Polish-Ukrainian_War), the [Polish-Soviet War](/source/Polish-Soviet_War), and the [1939 invasion of Poland](/source/Invasion_of_Poland_(1939)).

Juliusz Zulauf was born in [Lemberg](/source/Lviv), then the capital of [Austro-Hungarian](/source/Austria-Hungary) [Galicia](/source/Galicia_(Central_Europe)). In 1910, after graduating from a local [gymnasium](/source/gymnasium_(school)), he joined the [Lemberg Technical Academy](/source/Lviv_Polytechnic). There, at the age of 18, he joined the [Związek Walki Czynnej](/source/Zwi%C4%85zek_Walki_Czynnej) and the [Związek Strzelecki](/source/Zwi%C4%85zek_Strzelecki).<ref>{{Cite book |last=Stawecki |first=Piotr |title=Słownik biograficzny generałów Wojska Polskiego, 1918-1939 |date=1994 |publisher=Wydawn. Bellona |isbn=83-11-08262-6 |edition=Wyd. 1 |location=Warszawa |pages=368–369 |language=pl |oclc=32079247}}</ref> After the outbreak of [The Great War](/source/World_War_I), on 1 September 1914, he joined the [Polish Legions](/source/Polish_Legions_in_World_War_I). In 1915 he was promoted to first lieutenant and then to [captain](/source/Captain_(land_and_air)). He commanded a company of infantry in the [2nd Legions Infantry Regiment](/source/Polish_2nd_Legions_Infantry_Regiment) and then in [5th Infantry Regiment](/source/Polish_5th_Infantry_Regiment). Wounded in July 1916, during the [battle of Opłowa](/source/battle_of_Op%C5%82owa) he was taken [prisoner of war](/source/prisoner_of_war) by the Russians. However, Zulauf managed to escape from captivity and cross the front lines to rejoin the Polish Legions. After the [Oath Crisis](/source/Oath_Crisis) of 1917 he was drafted into the [Austro-Hungarian Army](/source/Austro-Hungarian_Army).

After Poland was reestablished in 1918, Juliusz Zulauf returned to his hometown, where he joined the [Polish Army](/source/Polish_Army) and took part in the [defence of Lwów](/source/Battle_of_Lw%C3%B3w_(1919)) during the Polish-Ukrainian War. On 11 May 1919, he was given the command of the [Polish 4th Legions Infantry Regiment](/source/Polish_4th_Legions_Infantry_Regiment) and took part in the opening stages of the [Polish-Bolshevik War](/source/Polish-Bolshevik_War). Heavily wounded in August of that year, he quickly recovered. However, he did not reassume his former post and instead became the commanding officer of the [garrison](/source/garrison) of [Radom](/source/Radom) on 1 October of that year.

After the cease fire agreement, on 23 March 1921, he became a peacetime commander of the [28th ''Kaniów Rifles'' Infantry Regiment](/source/Polish_28th_Infantry_Regiment) and, since 28 September of that year, commanding officer of the [19th Infantry Regiment](/source/Polish_19th_Infantry_Regiment). Promoted to colonel in 1923, between 1926 and 1927 Zulauf commanded the [3rd Infantry Regiment](/source/Polish_3rd_Infantry_Regiment), only to be promoted to the commander of infantry of the [5th Infantry Division](/source/Polish_5th_Infantry_Division). He held that post until April 1930, when he was promoted to commanding officer of the prestigious [Polish 2nd Legions Infantry Division](/source/Polish_2nd_Legions_Infantry_Division) stationed in [Kielce](/source/Kielce). For his service on 1 January 1932, he was promoted to the rank of [brigadier general](/source/brigadier_general). From 1937 on, he commanded the [Lwów](/source/Lw%C3%B3w)-based [5th Infantry Division](/source/Polish_5th_Infantry_Division) and with that unit he was active during the [Invasion of Poland](/source/Invasion_of_Poland_(1939)). After heavy fighting, his division was reduced to only one regiment, but managed to break through to [Warsaw](/source/Warsaw) and took part in the [defence of the Polish capital](/source/Siege_of_Warsaw_(1939)) as part of the [Warszawa Army](/source/Warszawa_Army). From 14 September, Zulauf commanded the eastern perimeter of Warsaw's defences, in the city's easternmost district, [Praga](/source/Praga).<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=y5cjAQAAMAAJ |title=Yearbook of Polish Foreign Policy |date=2006 |publisher=Polish Institute of International Affairs |pages=88 |language=en}}</ref>

After [Warsaw](/source/Warsaw)'s capitulation (28 September), Zulauf was taken [prisoner of war](/source/prisoner_of_war) by the Germans. He died 21 May 1943, at [Oflag VIIA](/source/Oflag_VIIA_Murnau) in [Murnau](/source/Murnau_am_Staffelsee).

His daughter Irena has donated many of Zulauf's personal belongings to the [Kielce](/source/Kielce) municipal museum.

==Honours and awards==
* Gold Cross of the [Virtuti Militari](/source/Virtuti_Militari)
* Silver Cross of the [Virtuti Militari](/source/Virtuti_Militari)
* Commander's Cross of the [Order of Polonia Restituta](/source/Order_of_Polonia_Restituta)
* Officers Cross of the [Order of Polonia Restituta](/source/Order_of_Polonia_Restituta)
* [Cross of Independence](/source/Cross_of_Independence)
* [Cross of Valour](/source/Cross_of_Valour_(Poland))
* [Cross of Valour](/source/Cross_of_Valour_(Poland))
* [Cross of Valour](/source/Cross_of_Valour_(Poland))
* [Cross of Valour](/source/Cross_of_Valour_(Poland))
* [Cross of Valour](/source/Cross_of_Valour_(Poland))
* [Gold Cross of Merit](/source/Cross_of_Merit_(Poland))

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category-inline}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Zulauf, Juliusz}}
Category:1891 births
Category:1943 deaths
Category:Military personnel from Lviv
Category:Military personnel of the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria
Category:Poles in Austria-Hungary
Category:Polish generals
Category:Polish legionnaires (World War I)
Category:Austro-Hungarian military personnel of World War I
Category:Polish military personnel of World War II
Category:World War II prisoners of war held by Germany
Category:Recipients of the Gold Cross of the Virtuti Militari
Category:Commanders of the Order of Polonia Restituta
Category:Recipients of the Cross of Independence
Category:Recipients of the Cross of Valour (Poland)
Category:Recipients of the Gold Cross of Merit (Poland)
Category:Polish prisoners of war in World War II
Category:Polish people of German descent
Category:Polish people who died in prison custody
Category:Prisoners who died in German detention

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Juliusz Zulauf](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juliusz_Zulauf) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juliusz_Zulauf?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.