# Jozef Tomko

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Slovak cardinal and archbishop (1924–2022)

Jozef Tomko President Emeritus of the Pontifical Committee for International Eucharistic Congresses Tomko in 2018 at Zvir Mountain in Litmanová, Slovakia Appointed 23 October 2001 Term ended 1 October 2007 Predecessor Edouard Gagnon Successor Piero Marini Other post Cardinal-Priest of Santa Sabina Previous posts Titular Archbishop of Doclea (1979–1985) Secretary General of the Synod of Bishops (1979–1985) Prefect of the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples (1985–2001) Orders Ordination 12 March 1949 by Luigi Traglia Consecration 15 September 1979 by John Paul II Created cardinal 25 May 1985 by John Paul II Rank Cardinal priest Personal details Born (1924-03-11)11 March 1924 Udavské, Czechoslovakia Died 8 August 2022(2022-08-08) (aged 98) Rome, Italy Buried St Elisabeth Cathedral, Košice Motto "Ut ecclesia aedificetur" Coat of arms

Styles of Jozef Tomko Reference style His Eminence Spoken style Your Eminence Informal style Cardinal

**Jozef Tomko** (11 March 1924 – 8 August 2022) was a Slovak prelate of the [Catholic Church](/source/Catholic_Church) who held positions in the [Roman Curia](/source/Roman_Curia) from 1962 until he retired in 2007. He was prefect of the [Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples](/source/Congregation_for_the_Evangelization_of_Peoples) from 1985 to 2001 and president of the [Pontifical Committee for International Eucharistic Congresses](/source/Pontifical_Committee_for_International_Eucharistic_Congresses) from 2001 to 2007. He was made a [cardinal](/source/Cardinal_(Catholic_Church)) in 1985.

## Biography

### Early life and ordination

Jozef Tomko was born 11 March 1924 in [Udavské](/source/Udavsk%C3%A9), near [Humenné](/source/Humenn%C3%A9), in [Czechoslovakia](/source/Czechoslovakia) (now in [Slovakia](/source/Slovakia)). In 1943 he entered the [Theological](/source/Theology) [Faculty](/source/Faculty_(division)) of [Bratislava](/source/Bratislava). He was sent to Rome to study at the [Pontifical Lateran Athenaeum](/source/Pontifical_Lateran_University) and [Pontifical Gregorian University](/source/Pontifical_Gregorian_University), where he obtained his [doctorates in theology](/source/Doctor_of_Sacred_Theology), [canon law](/source/Doctor_of_Canon_Law), and [social sciences](/source/Doctor_of_Social_Science).[1] Tomko was [ordained](/source/Holy_Orders) to the priesthood by [Archbishop Luigi Traglia](/source/Luigi_Traglia) on 12 March 1949 in the [Archbasilica of St. John Lateran](/source/Archbasilica_of_St._John_Lateran).

### Pastoral and academic work

He continued his studies at the Lateran and Gregorian University while doing pastoral work in Rome and [Porto e Santa Rufina](/source/Bishop_of_Porto_and_Santa-Rufina) until 1979. From 1950 to 1965, he served as vice-[rector](/source/Rector_(ecclesiastical)) and later rector of the Pontifical Nepomucenum College.[1] He taught at the International University *Pro Deo* from 1955 to 1956 as well. During this period, Tomko was actively involved in establishment of the Slovak Institute of Saints Cyril and Methodius in Rome. He visited the Slovak communities in the United States, Canada, and various European countries several times.[2] Tomko for decades regularly addressed Slovak Catholics on Vatican Radio and also on Catholic TV Lux.[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed)*]

### Roman Curia

Tomko was raised to the rank of [Privy Chamberlain supernumerary](/source/Monsignor) on 5 December 1959, and entered the service of the [Roman Curia](/source/Roman_Curia) in 1962, as an adjunct in the [Book Censorship Section](/source/Index_Librorum_Prohibitorum) of the [Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith](/source/Congregation_for_the_Doctrine_of_the_Faith) (CDF). In reference to the more lenient measures taken against dissident theologians, he once remarked, "The electric chair and gas chamber are no more".[3] During the [Second Vatican Council](/source/Second_Vatican_Council) (1962–1965) he worked as a consultant for the CDF and later became a member of the Pontifical Commission for the Family. Tomko became an [Honorary Prelate of His Holiness](/source/Monsignor) on 17 June 1970. He was named Undersecretary of the [Congregation for Bishops](/source/Congregation_for_Bishops) in 1974. He was a visiting professor at the Gregorian University from 1970 to 1977.

### Bishop

On 12 July 1979, Tomko was appointed [Secretary General](/source/Secretary_General) of the [World Synod of Bishops](/source/Synod) and [Titular Archbishop](/source/Titular_bishop) of Doclea by [Pope John Paul II](/source/Pope_John_Paul_II).[4] He received his [episcopal consecration](/source/Bishop_(Catholic_Church)) on the following 15 September from John Paul.[5] On 18 October 1979 he became a member of the Pontifical Commission for the interpretation of the decrees of the Second Vatican Council.[6] Tomko was named Pro-Prefect of the [Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples](/source/Congregation_for_the_Evangelization_of_Peoples) on 24 April 1985[7] and Chancellor of the [Pontifical Urbaniana University](/source/Pontifical_Urbaniana_University).

### Cardinal

John Paul II created him [Cardinal-Deacon](/source/Cardinal_(Catholicism)) of [Gesù Buon Pastore alla Montagnola](/source/Ges%C3%B9_Buon_Pastore_alla_Montagnola) in the [consistory](/source/Papal_consistory) of 25 May 1985.[8] He was then named prefect of his congregation.[9] During his tenure, he became a close [confidant](/source/Confidant) of Pope John Paul, and served as a special [papal envoy](/source/Papal_legate) to several religious celebrations. He was named a member of the Presynodal Council for Special Synod of Asian Bishops in September 1995. After ten years as a cardinal deacon, he opted for order of [Cardinal Priests](/source/Cardinal_(Catholicism)) and assumed the [titular church](/source/Titulus_(Roman_Catholic)) of [S. Sabina](/source/Santa_Sabina) on 29 January 1996.[10]

### Eucharistic congresses

Tomko was appointed President of the [Pontifical Committee for International Eucharistic Congresses](/source/Pontifical_Committee_for_International_Eucharistic_Congresses) on 23 October 2001.[11] In this post, he presided over the [Holy See](/source/Holy_See)'s delegation to the Interreligious Congress in [Astana](/source/Astana), [Kazakhstan](/source/Kazakhstan), from 23 to 24 September 2003. As papal legate he chaired the 48th International Eucharistic Congress in [Guadalajara](/source/Guadalajara), [Mexico](/source/Mexico), in October 2004.

Upon the death of John Paul II on 2 April 2005, Tomko and all major Vatican officials automatically lost their positions. He was confirmed as president of International Eucharistic Congresses by [Pope Benedict XVI](/source/Pope_Benedict_XVI) on 21 April.[12] Tomko retired as president on 1 October 2007.[13]

### Later work

[Pope Benedict XVI](/source/Pope_Benedict_XVI) established a Commission of Cardinals to investigate leaks of reserved and confidential documents on television, in newspapers, and in other communications media. It first met on 24 April 2012. [Cardinal Herranz](/source/Cardinal_Herranz) served as the chair and the other members were Cardinals Tomko and [Salvatore De Giorgi](/source/Salvatore_De_Giorgi).[14]

At the [papal inauguration](/source/Papal_inauguration) of [Pope Francis](/source/Pope_Francis) on 19 March 2013, Tomko was one of the six cardinals who made the public act of obedience on behalf of the [College of Cardinals](/source/College_of_Cardinals) to the new pope.[a][15][16]

In February 2015 he attended the consistory of cardinals on issues of reform of the Roman Curia.[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed)*]

Tomko became the oldest living member of the [College of Cardinals](/source/College_of_Cardinals) upon the death of Cardinal [Albert Vanhoye](/source/Albert_Vanhoye) on 29 July 2021.[17]

Tomko died in Rome on 8 August 2022, at the age of 98. He had recently suffered a spinal injury, and was further weakened from COVID-19 complications.[18][19][20] On 16 August 2022, he was buried, per his wishes, in the [Cathedral of St. Elisabeth of Hungary](/source/St_Elisabeth_Cathedral) in [Košice](/source/Ko%C5%A1ice).[21]

## Selected works

- *Light of Nations* (Rome 1972)

- *On Missionary Roads*, 2007, [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1586171650](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1586171650)

## Honours

- Grand-Croix de l'Ordre de la Couronne de Chene (Luxembourg 1988)[22]

- Grand Cross (or 1st Class) of the [Order of the White Double Cross](/source/Order_of_the_White_Double_Cross) (1995)[23]

- Grand Cruz de la Orden del Libertador San Martín, Argentina (Buenos Aires 1999).

- The Catholic University of Ruzomberok awarded Cardinal Tomko the honorary title of *Doctor Honoris Causa* on 26 April 2006.[24]

- Honorary doctorate awarded by the Faculty of Medicine of Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice for contribution to the development of culture, education and humanity in Slovakia, (11 December 2001)

- The Golden Plaque of the Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs of the Slovak Republic (2009)[25]

## Notes

1. **[^](#cite_ref-15)** The other five cardinals were [Giovanni Battista Re](/source/Giovanni_Battista_Re), [Tarcisio Bertone](/source/Tarcisio_Bertone), [Joachim Meisner](/source/Joachim_Meisner), [Renato Raffaele Martino](/source/Renato_Martino) and [Francesco Marchisano](/source/Francesco_Marchisano). Re and Bertone represented the cardinal bishops; Martino and Marchisano represented the cardinal deacons; and Meisner and Tomko represented the cardinal priests.

## References

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-cna_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-cna_1-1) ["Tomko, Jozef"](https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/resource/55148/tomko-jozef). Catholic News Agency. Retrieved 15 July 2021.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-santi_2-0)** ["Card. Jozef Tomko", Holy See, 4 May 2004](http://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/88179)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** ["No More Heresy"](http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,904729,00.html). *[Time](/source/Time_(magazine))*. 15 February 1971. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20080821064848/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,904729,00.html) from the original on 21 August 2008.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** [*Acta Apostolicae Sedis*](https://www.vatican.va/archive/aas/documents/AAS-71-1979-ocr.pdf) (PDF). Vol. LXXI. 1979. p. 966. Retrieved 13 July 2021.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** ["Ordinazione Episcopale di Monsignor Josef Tomko"](https://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/it/homilies/1979/documents/hf_jp-ii_hom_19790915_ordinaz-tomko.html) (in Italian). Libreria Editrice Vaticana. 15 September 1979. Retrieved 14 July 2021.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** [*Acta Apostolicae Sedis*](https://www.vatican.va/archive/aas/documents/AAS-71-1979-ocr.pdf) (PDF). Vol. LXXI. 1979. p. 1368. Retrieved 13 July 2021.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** [*Acta Apostolicae Sedis*](https://www.vatican.va/archive/aas/documents/AAS-77-1985-ocr.pdf) (PDF). Vol. LXXVII. 1985. p. 679. Retrieved 13 July 2021.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** ["Consistoro Unico"](https://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/it/homilies/1985/documents/hf_jp-ii_hom_19850525_concistoro-unico.html) (in Italian). Libreria Editrice Vaticana. 25 May 2021. Retrieved 14 July 2021.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-9)** [*Acta Apostolicae Sedis*](https://www.vatican.va/archive/aas/documents/AAS-77-1985-ocr.pdf) (PDF). Vol. LXXVII. 1985. p. 675. Retrieved 13 July 2021.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-10)** [*Acta Apostolicae Sedis*](https://www.vatican.va/archive/aas/documents/AAS-88-1996-ocr.pdf) (PDF). Vol. LXXXVIII. 1996. pp. 226–7. Retrieved 14 July 2021.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-11)** ["Rinunce e Nomine, 23.10.2001"](https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/it/bollettino/pubblico/2001/10/23/0582/01696.html) (Press release) (in Italian). Holy See Press Office. 23 October 2001. Retrieved 14 July 2021.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-12)** ["Nomine e Confirme nella Curia Romana, 21.04.2005"](https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/it/bollettino/pubblico/2005/04/21/0231/00468.html) (Press release) (in Italian). Holy See Press Office. 21 April 2005. Retrieved 14 July 2021.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-13)** ["Rinunce e Nomine, 01.10.2007"](https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/it/bollettino/pubblico/2007/10/01/0506/01353.html) (Press release) (in Italian). Holy See Press Office. 1 October 2007. Retrieved 14 June 2022.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-14)** ["Notificazione dello Segretaria del Stato, 24.07.2014"](https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/it/bollettino/pubblico/2012/04/25/0236/00547.html) (Press release) (in Italian). Holy See Press Office. Retrieved 13 July 2021.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-16)** Rolandi, Luca (19 March 2013). ["Il giorno di Papa Francesco: La messa di inizio pontificato in Piazza San Pietro"](https://web.archive.org/web/20170808115732/http://www.lastampa.it/2013/03/19/esteri/vatican-insider/it/il-giorno-di-papa-francesco-vfk0DkkHRblxoHmyjsM92K/pagina.html) (in Italian). Archived from [the original](http://lastampa.it/2013/03/19/esteri/vatican-insider/it/il-giorno-di-papa-francesco-vfk0DkkHRblxoHmyjsM92K/pagina.html) on 8 August 2017. Retrieved 15 October 2013.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Inauguration_video_17-0)** [Inaugural Mass of the Pontificate (Vatican video of Pope Francis' papal inauguration](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L8UkpJI-6hM) on [YouTube](/source/YouTube_video_(identifier))

1. **[^](#cite_ref-18)** ["Wenige Tage nach Geburtstag: Ältester Kardinal der Welt gestorben"](https://www.katholisch.de/artikel/30754-wenige-tage-nach-geburtstag-aeltester-kardinal-der-welt-gestorben). *Katholische.de* (in German). 30 July 2021. Retrieved 31 July 2021.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-19)** ["Oldest member of College of Cardinals dies at 98 - UCA News"](https://www.ucanews.com/news/oldest-member-of-college-of-cardinals-dies-at-98/98321).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-20)** ["Zomrel kardinál Jozef Tomko, patril k najvplyvnejším ľuďom vo Vatikáne"](https://spravy.pravda.sk/domace/clanok/636362-zomrel-kardikal-jozef-tomko/). *spravy.pravda.sk* (in Slovak). 8 August 2022. Retrieved 8 August 2022.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-21)** ["Cardinal Jozef Tomko dies at 98"](https://www.vaticannews.va/en/vatican-city/news/2022-08/cardinal-jozef-tomko-98-evangelization-of-peoples-slovakia.html). *[Vatican News](/source/Vatican_News)*. 8 August 2022. Retrieved 8 August 2022.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-22)** Holubčíková, Jana. ["Miesto posledného odpočinku / Telo kardinála Tomka uložia do pôvodne stredovekej krypty, vedú z nej katakomby"](https://svetkrestanstva.postoj.sk/112191/telo-kardinala-tomka-ulozia-do-povodne-stredovekej-krypty-vedu-z-nej-katakomby). *svetkrestanstva.postoj.sk* (in Slovak). Retrieved 17 August 2022.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-23)** ["J. Em. Mons. Cardinal Jozef Tomko", Conference of Slovak Bishops](http://www.osobnosti.sk/osobnost/jozef-kardinal-tomko-1093)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-24)** Slovak republic website, [State honours](http://www.slovak-republic.org/symbols/honours/) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20160413004835/http://www.slovak-republic.org/symbols/honours/) 13 April 2016 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine) : 1st Class received in 1995 (click on "Holders of the Order of the 1st Class White Double Cross" to see the holders' table)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-25)** ["J. Em. Cardinal Jozef Tomko, Dr. hc KU", Catholic University in Ruzomberok](http://www.ku.sk/index.php?option=com_comprofiler&task=userprofile&user=1770) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20120717072721/http://www.ku.sk/index.php?option=com_comprofiler&task=userProfile&user=1770) 17 July 2012 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-26)** ["State Secretary Peter Javorčík received Cardinal Jozef Tomko, Prefect Emeritus of the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples", Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs of the Slovak Republic, 21 November 2012](http://www.mzv.sk/servlet/content?MT=/App/WCM/main.nsf/vw_ByID/ID_C0B1D004B5A332B2C1257627003301E7_EN&OpenDocument=Y&LANG=EN&TG=BlankMaster&URL=/App/WCM/Aktualit.nsf/(vw_ByID)/ID_FF4818D345A6A622C1257ABE00256424)[*[permanent dead link](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot)*]

## External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to [Jozef Tomko](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Jozef_Tomko).

Wikiquote has quotations related to ***[Jozef Tomko](https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Jozef_Tomko)***.

- ["Tomko Card. Jozef"](https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_tomko_j.html). [Holy See Press Office](/source/Holy_See_Press_Office). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20170904070640/http://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_tomko_j.html) from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 9 November 2017.

- [Catholic-Hierarchy](http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/btomko.html)

- [Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church](https://cardinals.fiu.edu/bios-t.htm#Tomko)

Catholic Church titles Position created Adjunct Secretary of the International Theological Commission 1969–1971 Succeeded by Jozef Zlatňanský Preceded by Goffredo Mariani Undersecretary of the Congregation for Bishops 21 December 1974 – 12 July 1979 Succeeded by Marcello Costalunga Preceded by Władysław Rubin Secretary General of the Synod of Bishops 12 July 1979 – 24 April 1985 Succeeded by Jan Pieter Schotte Preceded by Egano Righi-Lambertini — TITULAR — Titular Archbishop of Doclea 12 July 1979 – 25 May 1985 Succeeded by Pier Luigi Celata Preceded by Dermot Ryan Prefect of the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples 24 April 1985 – 9 April 2001 Succeeded by Crescenzio Sepe Titular church established Cardinal Deacon of Gesù Buon Pastore alla Montagnola 25 May 1985 – 29 January 1996 Succeeded by Velasio De Paolis Office created President of the Interdicasterial Commission for Consecrated Religious 18 March 1989 – 9 April 2001 Succeeded by Crescenzio Sepe Preceded by Gabriel-Marie Garrone Cardinal Priest of Santa Sabina 29 January 1996 – 8 August 2022 Vacant Preceded by Édouard Gagnon President of the Pontifical Committee for International Eucharistic Congresses 23 October 2001 – 1 October 2007 Succeeded by Piero Marini Records Preceded by Albert Vanhoye Oldest living cardinal 29 July 2021 – 8 August 2022 Succeeded by Alexandre do Nascimento

v t e Cardinals created by John Paul II 1979 Casaroli Caprio Cé Righi-Lambertini Căn Civardi Corripio y Ahumada Asajiro Satowaki Etchegaray Ballestrero Ó Fiaich Carter Macharski Rubin Kung Pin-mei 1983 Khoraish Yago Sabattani Kuharić Casoria Lebrún Moratinos Bernardin Kitbunchu do Nascimento López Trujillo Danneels Williams Martini Lustiger Glemp Vaivods Meisner de Lubac 1985 Dadaglio Lourdusamy Arinze Fresno Innocenti Obando y Bravo Mayer Suquía Goicoechea Hamer Vidal Gulbinowicz Tzadua Tomko Lubachivsky Deskur Poupard Vachon Decourtray Castillo Lara Wetter Piovanelli Simonis Gagnon Stickler Law O'Connor Biffi Pavan 1988 Martínez Somalo Silvestrini Felici Grégoire Padiyara Freire Falcão Giordano dos Santos Canestri Javierre Ortas Pimenta Revollo Bravo Clancy Moreira Neves Hickey Szoka Paskai Tumi Groër Martin Hensbach Sladkevičius Margéot Wu 1991 Sodano Todea Laghi Cassidy Coffy Etsou-Nzabi-Bamungwabi López Rodríguez Sanchez Noè Quarracino Angelini Mahony Posadas Ocampo Bevilacqua Saldarini Daly Ruini Korec Schwery Sterzinsky del Mestri Dezza 1994 Sfeir Vlk Poggi Shirayanagi Fagiolo Furno Oviedo Cavada Winning Suárez Rivera Ortega y Calamino Darmaatmadja Schotte Eyt Agustoni Wamala Keeler Vargas Alzamora Turcotte Carles Gordó Maida Puljić Razafindratandra Tụng Sandoval Íñiguez Echeverría Ruiz Świątek Tonini Koliqi Congar Grillmeier 1998 Medina Estévez Bovone Castrillón Hoyos Antonelli Stafford De Giorgi Fernandes de Araújo Rouco Varela Ambrozic Balland Tettamanzi Pengo Schönborn Rivera Carrera George Shan Kuo-hsi Kozłowiecki Cheli Colasuonno Monduzzi Jaworski Pujats 2001 Re Thuận Cacciavillan Sebastiani Grocholewski Saraiva Martins Sepe Mejía Daoud Pompedda Kasper Degenhardt González Zumárraga Dias Majella Agnelo Rubiano Sáenz McCarrick Connell Bačkis Errázuriz Ossa Terrazas Sandoval Napier Rodríguez Maradiaga Agré Billé Velasco Cipriani Thorne Álvarez Martínez Hummes Vithayathil Bergoglio Policarpo Poletto Murphy-O'Connor Egan Huzar Lehmann Ghattas Honoré Tucci Scheffczyk Dulles 2003 Tauran Martino Marchisano Herranz Casado Lozano Barragán Hamao Nicora Scola Okogie Panafieu Zubeir Wako Amigo Vallejo Rigali O'Brien Scheid Antonelli Bertone Turkson Toppo Pell Bozanić Mẫn Quezada Toruño Barbarin Erdő Ouellet Cottier Joos Špidlík Nagy Catholic Church portal

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Jozef Tomko](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jozef_Tomko) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jozef_Tomko?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.