# Joseph Wendel

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German Cardinal (1901–1960)

Joseph Wendel Cardinal, Archbishop of Munich and Freising Joseph Wendel at the final rally of the 77th Deutscher Katholikentag (German Catholic Day) in Cologne, 1956. Archdiocese Munich and Freising See Munich and Freising Appointed 9 August 1952 Installed 7 November 1952 Term ended 31 December 1960 Predecessor Michael von Faulhaber Successor Julius August Döpfner Other posts Cardinal-Priest of Santa Maria Nuova Bishop of Military Ordinariate of Germany Previous posts Coadjutor Bishop of Speyer (1941–1943) Titular Bishop of Lebessus (1941–1943) Bishop of Speyer (1943–1952) Orders Ordination 30 October 1927 by Basilio Pompili Consecration 29 June 1941 by Ludwig Sebastian Created cardinal 12 January 1953 Rank Cardinal-Priest Personal details Born (1901-05-27)27 May 1901 Blieskastel, Palatinate, Bavaria, German Empire Died 31 December 1960(1960-12-31) (aged 59) Munich, Bavaria, West Germany Motto veritati et caritati Coat of arms

Styles of Joseph Wendel Reference style His Eminence Spoken style Your Eminence Religious style Monsignor Informal style Cardinal See Munich and Freising

**Joseph Wendel** (27 May 1901 – 31 December 1960) was a German [Cardinal](/source/Cardinal_(Catholicism)) of the [Roman Catholic Church](/source/Roman_Catholic_Church) who served as [Archbishop of Munich and Freising](/source/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Munich_and_Freising) from 1952 until his death, and was elevated to the [cardinalate](/source/Cardinal_(Catholicism)) in 1953 by [Pope Pius XII](/source/Pope_Pius_XII).

## Biography

Joseph Wendel was born in [Blieskastel](/source/Blieskastel), and studied at the [seminary](/source/Seminary) in [Speyer](/source/Speyer), and the Pontifical German-Hungarian College and the [Pontifical Gregorian University](/source/Pontifical_Gregorian_University) in [Rome](/source/Rome). From the Gregorian he obtained [doctorates](/source/Doctorate) in [philosophy](/source/Doctor_of_Philosophy) and [theology](/source/Doctor_of_Sacred_Theology). Wendel was [ordained](/source/Holy_Orders) to the [priesthood](/source/Priesthood_(Catholic_Church)) on 30 October 1927, and then did [pastoral](/source/Parish_(Catholic_Church)) work in Speyer, also serving as director of [Caritas](/source/Caritas_(charity)), until 1941.

On 4 April 1941 he was appointed [Coadjutor Bishop](/source/Coadjutor_bishop) of [Speyer](/source/Diocese_of_Speyer) and [Titular Bishop](/source/Titular_bishop) of *Lebessus*. He received his [episcopal consecration](/source/Bishop_(Catholic_Church)) on the following 29 June from Bishop Ludwig Sebastian, with Bishops Matthias Ehrenfried and Joseph Kolb serving as [co-consecrators](/source/Consecrator). Wendel succeeded Sebastian as [Bishop of Speyer](/source/Bishop_of_Speyer) on 20 May 1943, being installed on 4 June that year. During [World War II](/source/World_War_II), he strongly defended the rights of the Church and [humanity](/source/Human_rights).[1] Wendel became known as the "Bishop of Peace" following the war because of his efforts to restore [West Germany](/source/West_Germany)'s good will[2]

[Pope Pius XII](/source/Pope_Pius_XII) named him [Archbishop of Munich and Freising](/source/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Munich_and_Freising) on 9 August 1952 (three Bishops of Speyer have become Archbishop of Munich and Freising, the others being [Michael von Faulhaber](/source/Michael_von_Faulhaber) and [Friedrich Wetter](/source/Friedrich_Wetter)), and created him [Cardinal Priest](/source/Cardinal_(Catholicism)) of *[S. Maria Nuova](/source/Santa_Francesca_Romana)* in the [consistory](/source/Papal_consistory) of 12 January 1953. On 4 February 1956, Wendel became the [Apostolic Vicar](/source/Apostolic_vicariate) of the Catholic [Military Ordinariate of Germany](/source/Military_Ordinariate_of_Germany). He was one of the [cardinal electors](/source/Cardinal_electors_in_Papal_conclave%2C_1958) in the [1958 papal conclave](/source/Papal_conclave%2C_1958), which selected [Pope John XXIII](/source/Pope_John_XXIII). The German prelate also made gestures of [ecumenism](/source/Catholic_Church_and_ecumenism) to [Protestants](/source/Protestantism),[3] and organized the [International Eucharistic Congress](/source/International_Eucharistic_Congress) in [Munich](/source/Munich) in 1960.

Shortly after delivering his New Year's Eve sermon, Wendel died from a [heart attack](/source/Myocardial_infarction) in Munich, at age 59.[2] He is buried in the [metropolitan](/source/Metropolitan_bishop) [cathedral](/source/Cathedral) of that city.

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)** Archdiocese of Munich and Freising. [Joseph Kardinal Wendel (1901–1960)](http://www.erzbistum-muenchen.de/EMF075/EMF007448.asp) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20070423111840/http://www.erzbistum-muenchen.de/EMF075/EMF007448.asp) 2007-04-23 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine)

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Milestones_2-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Milestones_2-1) [Milestones](https://web.archive.org/web/20100211202315/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,828746,00.html), *Time*, January 13, 1961

1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** [Chasms & Bridges](https://web.archive.org/web/20110201071914/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,864844,00.html), *Time*, August 24, 1959

## External links

- [Archdiocese of Munich and Freising](https://web.archive.org/web/20070423111840/http://www.erzbistum-muenchen.de/EMF075/EMF007448.asp) - in German

- [Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church](https://cardinals.fiu.edu/bios-w.htm#Wendel)

- [Catholic-Hierarchy](http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bwendel.html)

Catholic Church titles Preceded by Ludwig Sebastian Bishop of Speyer 1943–1952 Succeeded by Isidor Emanuel Preceded by Michael von Faulhaber Archbishop of Munich and Freising 1952–1960 Succeeded by Julius Döpfner Vacant Title last held by Franz Josef Rarkowski (1945) Military vicar of Germany (West) 1956–1960 Succeeded by Franz Hengsbach

v t e Cardinals created by Pius XII 1946 Agagianian Glennon Masella Micara Sapieha Mooney Saliège McGuigan Stritch Parrado y García Roques de Jong Vasconcellos Motto Petit de Julleville Gilroy Spellman Caro Rodríguez de Gouveia de Barros Câmara Pla y Deniel Arteaga y Betancourt Frings Guevara Griffin Arce y Ochotorena Mindszenty Ruffini von Preysing von Galen Caggiano Tien Ken-sin Bruno 1953 Constantini da Silva Cicognani Roncalli Valeri Ciriaci Borgongini Duca Feltin Mimmi de la Torre Stepinac Grente Siri D'Alton McIntyre Lercaro Wyszyński de Arriba y Castro Quiroga y Palacios Léger Luque Sánchez Wendel Ottaviani Gracias Catholic Church portal

Authority control databases International ISNI VIAF GND FAST WorldCat National United States Vatican Artists RKD Artists People Deutsche Biographie DDB Other RISM Yale LUX

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Joseph Wendel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Wendel) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Wendel?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.