# Joseph Gage

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**Joseph Edward Gage** (c.1687 – 1766) was an [entrepreneur](/source/Entrepreneur) and [speculator](/source/Speculator). He was the son of Joseph Gage of [Sherborne Castle](/source/Sherborne_Castle) and Elizabeth Penruddock and the brother of [Thomas Gage, 1st Viscount Gage](/source/Thomas_Gage,_1st_Viscount_Gage) [Bt](/source/Baronet).

## Career

As a young man in [Paris](/source/Paris), he borrowed money from [Richard Cantillon](/source/Richard_Cantillon) to speculate in shares in [Mississippi Company](/source/Mississippi_Company) and the [South Sea Company](/source/South_Sea_Company). He made a vast paper fortune, whereupon he offered [Augustus II the Strong](/source/Augustus_II_the_Strong) the [King of Poland](/source/King_of_Poland) 3,000,000 pounds for his crown. When this offer was declined, he made a similar offer for the crown of [Sardinia](/source/Sardinia). Later, he was granted a silver mine, and entered into the service of the King of Spain, given the command of his armies in [Sicily](/source/Sicily) and [Lombardy](/source/Lombardy), and created a [grandee](/source/Grandee) (March 1743) of the first class of the kingdom of Spain.[1] He was also presented by the King of [Naples](/source/Naples) with the order of [San Gennaro](/source/San_Gennaro), and a pension of 4000 [ducats](/source/Ducats) a year.[2]

## Personal life

Historians disagree over whether or not he married his business partner [Lady Mary Herbert](/source/Mary_Herbert_(businesswoman)).[3] He wrote to her father, [William Herbert, 2nd Marquess of Powis](/source/William_Herbert,_2nd_Marquess_of_Powis), in 1736 to ask for his consent to their marriage.[4] Murphy claims that he later married Catherine Caryll, daughter of [John Caryll](/source/John_Caryll_the_younger), of West Harting, Sussex, in 1748 and that he was [widowed](/source/Widow) a few months later.[3]

[Manners Chichester](/source/Henry_Manners_Chichester) claims that Gage first married Catherine Caryll, and then after her death remarried to Lady Mary Herbert.[3]

## References

- *Richard Cantillon: Entrepreneur and Economist* by Antoin E. Murphy ISBN 0-19-828535-3

1. [GENUKI: English Peerage 1790: Barons 9](http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/History/Barons/barons9.html)

1. [1066: A Medieval Mosaic (Medieval Mosaic)](http://www.1066.co.nz/library/battle_abbey_roll2/subchap64.htm)

1. Murphy, Martin (2015). *The Duchess of Rio Tinto*. Oxford: Hollywell Press. ISBN 9780993394409.

1. ["Letter from Count Joseph Cage to Duke of Powis - Seville 1736"](https://www.andalucia.com/province/huelva/riotinto/lady-mary-herbert-de-powis/cage-letter-1736). *Andalucia.com*. 2022-03-29. Retrieved 2025-02-20.

## See also

- [Viscount Gage](/source/Viscount_Gage)

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