# Joseph Castaigne

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**Joseph Philippe Emmanuel Castaigne** (ʒozɛf filip emanɥɛl kastɛɲ; 27 February 1871 – 21 September 1951) was a French [internist](/source/Internist) who was a native of [Bassac, Charente](/source/Bassac,_Charente).

He studied medicine in [Paris](/source/Paris), later becoming *médecin des hôpitaux* in 1908. During [World War I](/source/World_War_I), he was responsible for the treatment of wounded soldiers at a hospital in [Vichy](/source/Vichy). Following the end of hostilities, he became head of medical services at the [Hôpital de la Charité](/source/H%C3%B4pital_de_la_Charit%C3%A9).

In 1920, following the death of his oldest son, he relocated to the village of [Cébazat](/source/C%C3%A9bazat), near [Clermont-Ferrand](/source/Clermont-Ferrand). Castaigne felt that a small village environment would be beneficial in raising his other children. At Clermont-Ferrand, he eventually attained the directorship of its medical school, working there until 1942.

At Paris, he studied under [Anatole Chauffard](/source/Anatole_Chauffard) (1855-1932) and [Augustin Nicolas Gilbert](/source/Augustin_Nicolas_Gilbert) (1855-1927), and performed investigations involving [renal](/source/Renal) functionality with [internist](/source/Internist) [Emile Charles Achard](/source/Emile_Achard) (1860-1944). With Achard, the "Achard-Castaigne test" is named, a urinary test using [methylene blue](/source/Methylene_blue) dye to analyze the excretory function of the [kidneys](/source/Kidneys). His name is also lent to the "Castaigne test", a method for examining the density of [urine](/source/Urine).

## Bibliography

- [*Joseph Castaigne*](http://www.whonamedit.com/doctor.cfm/507.html) @ [Who Named It](/source/Who_Named_It)

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