# Jonesite

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> Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Jonesite.md
> Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonesite
> Source revision: 1293953741
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{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2019}}
{{Infobox mineral
| name        = Jonesite
| category    = Inosilicates
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| caption     =
| formula     = Ba<sub>4</sub>(K,Na)<sub>2</sub>[Ti<sub>4</sub>Al<sub>2</sub>Si<sub>10</sub>O<sub>36</sub>]•6H<sub>2</sub>O
| IMAsymbol   = Jon<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Warr|first=L.N.|date=2021|title=IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols|journal=Mineralogical Magazine|volume=85|issue=3|pages=291–320|doi=10.1180/mgm.2021.43|bibcode=2021MinM...85..291W|s2cid=235729616|doi-access=free}}</ref>
| molweight   = 914.93&nbsp;g/mol
| system      = [Monoclinic](/source/Monoclinic)
| class       = Prismatic (2/m) <br/><small>(same [H-M symbol](/source/H-M_symbol))</small>
| symmetry    = ''P2''<sub>1</sub>/m
| unit cell   = a = 10.618, b = 25.918 <br/>c = 8.6945&nbsp;[Å]; β = 127.633°; Z&nbsp;=&nbsp;4
| color       = Colorless
| habit       = Bladed– Aggregation is thin blade-like crystals and Tabular– Dimensions thin in one direction
| twinning    =
| cleavage    = {010} Distinct
| fracture    = Irregular
| tenacity    =
| mohs        = 3–4
| luster      = Vitreous
| refractive  = Index: 1.64 to 1.68
| opticalprop = Biaxial (+), a=1.641, b=1.66, g=1.682, bire=0.0410
| birefringence = δ = 0.041
| pleochroism = Colorless
| streak      = White
| gravity     = 3.21&nbsp;g/cm<sup>3</sup>
| density     = 3.25&nbsp;g/cm<sup>3</sup>
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| diaphaneity = Transparent
| other       = Has medium relief and weak dispersion.  Has fluorescent luminescence & white streak
Year of Discovery:1977
| references  = <ref>Ralph, J., and Chau I. (2010) Jonesite Mineral Information and Data. Mineralogy Database. Retrieved 23 September 2010, from <http://www.mindat.org/min-2112.html>.</ref><ref>Barthelmy, D. (2010) Jonesite Mineral Data. Mineralogy Database. Retrieved 11 September 2010, from <http://webmineral.com/data/Jonesite.shtml>.</ref><ref>Wise, W., and Pabst, A. (2010) Jonesite. Mineralogical Record. Retrieved 23 September 2010, from <http://euromin.w3sites.net//mineraux/JONESITE.html>.</ref>
}}

'''Jonesite''' is a mineral with the [chemical formula](/source/chemical_formula) Ba<sub>4</sub>(K,Na)<sub>2</sub>[Ti<sub>4</sub>Al<sub>2</sub>Si<sub>10</sub>O<sub>36</sub>]*6H<sub>2</sub>O.<ref>American Geological Institute. (2010) Jonesite. Retrieved 11 September 2010, from <http://glossary.agiweb.org/dbtw-wpd/exec/dbtwpub.dll></ref> This mineral is named after [Francis Tucker Jones](/source/Francis_Tucker_Jones) (1905–1993), who discovered the mineral while working as a Research Chemical Microscopist at Berkeley in CA.<ref>Barthelmy, D. (2010) Jonesite Mineral Data. Mineralogy Database. Retrieved 11 September 2010, from <http://webmineral.com/data/Jonesite.shtml>.</ref> Jonesite has diffraction symmetry of mmm, which implies an orthorhombic system with all three axes perpendicular to each other and the angles between each axis equal to 90 degrees.<ref>Wise, W., and Pabst, A. (1977) Jonesite: A New Mineral from the Benitoite Gem Mine, San Benito County, California. Mineralogical Record, 8, 453-456.</ref> In addition to symmetrical properties, Jonesite is a biaxial mineral with [birefringence](/source/birefringence), which is a term to describe the difference between index of refraction.<ref>Barthelmy, D. (2010) Jonesite Mineral Data. Mineralogy Database. Retrieved 11 September 2010, from <http://webmineral.com/data/Jonesite.shtml>.</ref> Jonesite is anisotropic, meaning the [speed of light](/source/speed_of_light) changes through the mineral, so the mineral shows color when viewed in crossed polarized light under a microscope.  The mineral also has medium relief, which is a measure of how well the mineral stands out when viewed under a microscope in plane polarized light.<ref>Wise, W., and Pabst, A. (2010) Jonesite. Mineralogical Record. Retrieved 23 September 2010, from <http://euromin.w3sites.net//mineraux/JONESITE.html>.</ref> In addition to being one of the rarest minerals in the Benitoite Gem mine located in California, Jonesite also is the first [titanosilicate](/source/titanosilicate) mineral with a porous double-layered crystal structure.<ref>Krivovichev, S., and Armbruster, T. (2004) The Crystal Structure of Jonesite: A First Example of Titanosilicate with Porous Double Layers. American Mineralogist, 89, 314-318.</ref> This discovery is important because titanosilicate frameworks have industrial uses in energy companies and are used in containing radioactive waste.<ref>Krivovichev, S., and Armbruster, T. (2004) The Crystal Structure of Jonesite: A First Example of Titanosilicate with Porous Double Layers. American Mineralogist, 89, 314-318.</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

Category:Inosilicates
Category:Monoclinic minerals
Category:Minerals in space group 11

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Jonesite](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonesite) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonesite?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.