# John Hawes > Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/John_Hawes > Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/John_Hawes.md > Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Hawes > Source revision: 1354314833 > License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) {{Short description|British architect and priest (1876–1956)}} {{for|the Canadian swimmer and modern pentathlete|John Hawes (pentathlete)}} {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}} {{Infobox religious biography | name = John Hawes | image = | alt = | caption = | religion = {{ublist|[Church of England](/source/Church_of_England) (previously)|[Roman Catholicism](/source/Roman_Catholicism) (from 1911)}} | denomination = | church = | alma_mater = | nationality = [British](/source/United_Kingdom) | home_town = | birth_name = | birth_date = {{birth date|1876|09|07|df=y}} | birth_place = [Richmond](/source/Richmond%2C_London), Surrey, England | death_date = {{death date and age|1956|06|26|1876|09|07|df=y}} | death_place = [Miami](/source/Miami), Florida | spouse = | children = | parents = | title = [Monsignor](/source/Monsignor) | period = 1903-1956 | post = | website = }} '''John Cyril Hawes ''' (7 September 1876 – 26 June 1956) was a British [architect](/source/architect) and [priest](/source/priest). Hawes was known for designing and constructing church buildings in England, [Western Australia](/source/Western_Australia) and [The Bahamas](/source/The_Bahamas). He served as a priest in the [Church of England](/source/Church_of_England) before converting to [Roman Catholicism](/source/Roman_Catholicism) and received ordination as a Catholic priest. He was later named a [domestic prelate](/source/domestic_prelate) by Pope Pius XI and given the title "[monsignor](/source/monsignor)". After retiring he lived as a hermit in The Bahamas, becoming known more commonly as '''Father Jerome'''. ==Biography== thumb|White Tower, Bognor Regis; built as a holiday home for Hawes and his brothers{{National Heritage List for England|num=1221489|desc=White Tower|grade=II}} Hawes was born in [Richmond](/source/Richmond%2C_London), Surrey, to Edward, a solicitor, and Amelia Hawes. He was educated in [Brighton](/source/Brighton) and at [the King's School, Canterbury](/source/the_King's_School%2C_Canterbury). After leaving school he began training as an architect in London in 1893 with architects Edmeston and Gabriel. He also received formal architectural education at the [Architectural Association School](/source/Architectural_Association_School_of_Architecture) as well as the [Central School of Arts and Crafts](/source/Central_School_of_Art_and_Design).{{cite Australian Dictionary of Biography |id2=hawes-john-cyril-6601 | title=Hawes, John Cyril (1876–1956) | accessdate=21 June 2012 | author=Evans, A.G.}} In 1897 he began practising as an architect, designing houses at [Bognor](/source/Bognor_Regis). After winning a design competition, Hawes was commissioned to build his first church, St Christopher's, [Gunnerton](/source/Chollerton), Northumberland, in 1899. After studying at [Lincoln Theological College](/source/Lincoln_Theological_College) he was ordained as a [Church of England priest](/source/Anglican_ministry) in 1903. He was a [curate](/source/curate) at [Our Most Holy Redeemer](/source/Our_Most_Holy_Redeemer) in Clerkenwell and, in 1906, joined the [Anglican Benedictine](/source/Order_of_St_Benedict_(Anglican)) community of [Caldey Abbey](/source/Caldey_Abbey) where he developed a master plan to evoke the medieval abbeys of [Cluny](/source/Cluny_Abbey), [Vézelay](/source/V%C3%A9zelay_Abbey), or [Durham](/source/Durham_Cathedral).Peter Frederick Anson: ''Building up the waste places: the revival of monastic life on medieval lines in the post-Reformation Church of England'', 1973, p. 218. In 1909 Hawes was invited to join the [Church of England](/source/Church_of_England) mission in [The Bahamas](/source/The_Bahamas) where many churches had been damaged by a hurricane. On [Long Island](/source/Long_Island%2C_Bahamas) he ministered to his native parishioners, repaired the churches, and, in 1910, he designed St Paul's Church in [Clarence Town](/source/Clarence_Town). In 1911 he left The Bahamas for the United States where he converted to [Roman Catholicism](/source/Roman_Catholicism). After leading a nomadic existence in Canada and the United States for several years, including working as a labourer and as a railway teamster, he began studying for the priesthood at [Beda College](/source/Beda_College) in Rome. He was ordained a Catholic priest in Rome on 27 February 1915, after which he was sent to [Geraldton](/source/Geraldton), Western Australia, where he worked as a priest, architect and builder. In recognition of his work in church design and architecture he was named a monsignor by Pope [Pius XI](/source/Pius_XI) in 1937. In May 1939, Hawes sailed from [Fremantle](/source/Fremantle), returning to The Bahamas, officially on a pilgrimage. He designed and built the [Mount Alvernia](/source/Mount_Alvernia) Hermitage on Como Hill at [Cat Island](/source/Cat_Island%2C_The_Bahamas), which became his home. Along with this hermitage, he also designed five churches in the Bahamas as well as a second church at Clarence Town, St Peter's.{{cite web | url=http://www.yachtingmagazine.com/article/Picnicking-with-Father-Jerome | title=Picnicking with Father Jerome | publisher=Bonnier Corporation | work=Yachting Magazine | date=18 March 2010 | accessdate=21 June 2012 | author=Swanson, Peter}}{{cite news | url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A53378-2005Feb25.html | title=One Cool Cat | newspaper=The Washington Post| date=27 February 2005 | accessdate=21 June 2012 | author=Hunt, Marvin}}{{cite book | title=Bahamas, Turks & Caicos | publisher=Lonely Planet | author=Baker, Christopher P. | year=2001 | page=366 | isbn=9781864501995}} He died on 26 June 1956 in [Miami](/source/Miami), Florida, aged 79 and at his own request was buried in a cave located beneath the hermitage at Cat Island.{{cite web |url=http://www.geraldton.wa.gov.au/Extranet/LocalHistory/MonsignorHawes.asp |title=Monsignor Hawes - Architect/Priest |work=City of Geraldton |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060820103847/http://geraldton.wa.gov.au/Extranet/LocalHistory/MonsignorHawes.asp |archivedate=20 August 2006}} ==Architectural works== [[File:The Hermitage, Cat Island, Bahamas.jpg|thumb|The Hermitage on [Mount Alvernia](/source/Mount_Alvernia), Cat Island, Bahamas]] {{Commons category|John Hawes}} Hawes's architectural work in the [Mid West](/source/Mid_West_(Western_Australia)) region of Western Australia was prolific. He was appointed Diocesan Architect and designed: * The [Cathedral of St Francis Xavier](/source/St_Francis_Xavier's_Cathedral%2C_Geraldton), a Spanish Mission style cathedral in [Geraldton](/source/Geraldton). The completed building was officially opened in 1938[https://www.monsignorhawes.com.au/sfx-cathedral/ The Cathedral of St Francis Xavier] * Nazareth House in Geraldton[https://www.monsignorhawes.com.au/nazareth-house-geraldton/ Nazareth House] in Geraldton * The Cemetery Chapel of the Holy Spirit in [Utakarra](/source/Utakarra%2C_Western_Australia), Geraldton[https://www.monsignorhawes.com.au/saint-spirito-geraldton/ The Cemetery Chapel of the Holy Spirit] in Geraldton * The Hermitage in Geraldton[https://www.monsignorhawes.com.au/the-hermitage/ The Hermitage] in Geraldton * The Church of Our Lady of Mount Carmel in [Mullewa](/source/Mullewa%2C_Western_Australia)[https://www.monsignorhawes.com.au/our-lady-of-mt-carmel-mullewa/ The Church of Our Lady of Mount Carmel] and adjoining [https://www.monsignorhawes.com.au/priests-house-mullewa/ priest house] in Mullewa{{cite news |url=http://www.smh.com.au/news/Western-Australia/Mullewa/2005/02/17/1108500208568.html |title=Mullewa |work=The Sydney Morning Herald |date=8 February 2004 }} * Churches for many agricultural towns in the region; including [Morawa](/source/Morawa%2C_Western_Australia),{{cite web |title=Holy Cross - Morawa - Monsignor John Hawes |url=https://www.monsignorhawes.com.au/holy-cross-morawa/ |website=Monsignor John Hawes}} [Perenjori](/source/Perenjori%2C_Western_Australia),{{cite web |title=Saint Josephs - Perenjori - Monsignor John Hawes |url=https://www.monsignorhawes.com.au/saint-josephs-perenjori/ |website=Monsignor John Hawes}} [Yalgoo](/source/Yalgoo%2C_Western_Australia){{cite web |title=Saint Hyacinth's - Yalgoo - Monsignor John Hawes |url=https://www.monsignorhawes.com.au/saint-hyacinths-yalgoo/ |website=Monsignor John Hawes}} and [Northampton](/source/Northampton%2C_Western_Australia).{{cite web |title=Saint Mary's in Ara Coeli - Northampton - Monsignor John Hawes |url=https://www.monsignorhawes.com.au/saint-marys-in-ara-colei-northampton/ |website=Monsignor John Hawes}} * Two private residences, one being the homestead for [Melangata Station](/source/Melangata_Station) north of Yalgoo;{{cite web |title=Melangata Station Homestead & Chapel - Yalgoo |url=https://www.monsignorhawes.com/melangata-station-homestead-chapel-yalgoo/ |website=Monsignor John Hawes |language=en-AU}} the other the White Tower in [Bognor Regis](/source/Bognor_Regis), UK, built as a holiday residence.{{cite web |title=White Tower - Bognor Regis - Monsignor John Hawes |url=https://www.monsignorhawes.com.au/white-tower-bognor-regis |website=Monsignor John Hawes}} File:Geraldton Cathedral.jpg|Geraldton Cathedral File:Geraldton Catedral, nave.jpg|Geraldton Cathedral, nave File:The Church, front.jpg|The Church, Mullewa File:West front of the Church of Our Lady in Ara Coeli.jpg|The Church of Our Lady in Ara Coeli, Northampton File:Convent of St Hyacinth,Yalgoo, Mgr Hawes 1922 side view.jpg|Convent of St Hyacinth, Yalgoo, Mgr Hawes 1922 side view The Monsignor Hawes Heritage Trail[https://www.monsignorhawes.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Heritage-Trail-Brochure-1.pdf Monsignor Hawes Heritage Trail] is a tourist route which visits many of these buildings, some of which he also built.{{cite web |url=http://www.geraldtondiocese.org.au/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=5:mons-hawes&catid=41:info&Itemid=7 |title=Monsignor Hawes' Heritage Project |work=Catholic Diocese of Geraldton }} Hawes also designed the Anglican Church of St Christopher, in Gunnerton,{{National Heritage List for England|num=1155349|desc=Church of St Christopher|grade=II}} a small village in the [North Tyne](/source/North_Tyne) valley, Northumberland.{{cite book |title=Pevsner: The Buildings of England-Northumberland |publisher=Penguin }} The building has been restored and now has a stained glass window by [William Tillyer](/source/William_Tillyer) in the west end. ==References== {{reflist}} ==Further reading== {{Library resources box |viaf=13233553}} * Evans, A. G. ''The conscious stone : a biography of John C. Hawes'' Melbourne : Polding Press, 1984. {{ISBN|0-85884-376-5}} (pbk.) * Taylor, John ''Between devotion and design : the architecture of John Cyril Hawes 1876-1956'' Nedlands, W.A. : University of Western Australia Press, 2000. {{ISBN|1-876268-16-6}} * Peter Anson ''The Hermit of Cat Island'' London: Burnes & Oates, 1958. * Marshall, Steve ''The Builder Priest: The Buildings of Monsignor John Hawes in Western Australia'' : via Blurb 2012. {{ISBN|978 0 646 58350 1}} (hbk) * Marshall, Steve ''Stone Upon Stone: The life and legacy of John Cyril Hawes''2019 {{ISBN|978 0 646 81141 3}} ==External links== * [http://www.marshallarts.com.au/books Marshall Arts] {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Hawes, John}} Category:1876 births Category:1956 deaths Category:20th-century English architects Category:20th-century English Roman Catholic priests Category:Anglican priest converts to Roman Catholicism Category:20th-century English Anglican priests Category:History of Western Australia Category:People from Richmond, London Category:Architects from Surrey Category:People educated at The King's School, Canterbury --- Adapted from the Wikipedia article [John Hawes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Hawes) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Hawes?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.