# Jocatoa

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Single-species lichen genus

Jocatoa Scientific classification Kingdom: Fungi Division: Ascomycota Class: Lecanoromycetes Order: Graphidales Family: Graphidaceae Genus: Jocatoa R.Miranda (2020) Species: J. agminalis Binomial name Jocatoa agminalis (Nyl.) Lücking, Herrera-Camp. & R.Miranda (2020) Synonyms[1] Graphina agminalis (Nyl.) Zahlbr. (1923) Graphis agminalis Nyl. (1867)

***Jocatoa*** is a fungal [genus](/source/Genus) in the family [Graphidaceae](/source/Graphidaceae).[2] It contains the single species ***Jocatoa agminalis***, a [corticolous](/source/Corticolous_lichen) (bark-dwelling), [crustose lichen](/source/Crustose_lichen) that can be found in dry forests and semi-arid regions throughout Colombia, Mexico, and the United States.[3] The genus is characterized by its simple, thin [paraphysis](/source/Glossary_of_lichen_terms#paraphysis) tips and the absence of an [epithecium](/source/Glossary_of_lichen_terms#epithecium). Named in honor of the late Professor José Castillo Tovar for his contributions to Mexican mycology, *Jocatoa* is distinguishable from other superficially similar genera such as *[Diorygma](/source/Diorygma)* and *[Glyphis](/source/Glyphis_(lichen))* based on its distinctive features, chemical composition, and [molecular](/source/Molecular_phylogenetics) data.[3]

## Taxonomy

*Jocatoa* was [circumscribed](/source/Circumscription_(taxonomy)) by Mexican lichenologist Ricardo Miranda-González in 2020. The genus is classified in the family [Graphidaceae](/source/Graphidaceae), subfamily Graphidoideae, and [tribe](/source/Tribe_(biology)) Graphideae. The genus *Jocatoa* belongs to the same tribe, Graphideae, as *[Sarcographa](/source/Sarcographa)* and *[Glyphis](/source/Glyphis_(lichen))* but is not closely related to them. It differs from the closely related genus *Diorygma* by having simple, thin [paraphysis](/source/Glossary_of_lichen_terms#paraphysis) tips that do not form an [epithecium](/source/Glossary_of_lichen_terms#epithecium).[3] *Jocatoa agminalis* was originally described as a species of *[Graphis](/source/Graphis_(lichen))* by [William Nylander](/source/William_Nylander_(botanist)) in 1867.[4] The genus is named in honor of the late Professor **Jo**sé **Ca**stillo **To**var (1935–2012) for his contributions to the education of Mexican mycologists, and for introducing the genus author to lichens.[3]

## Description

The genus *Jocatoa* is characterized by an [ecorticate](/source/Glossary_of_lichen_terms#ecorticate) thallus, [muriform](/source/Glossary_of_lichen_terms#muriform) spores that exhibit a strong violet color when treated with [iodine](/source/Iodine), and a chemistry belonging to the [stictic acid](/source/Stictic_acid) complex. This monospecific genus closely resembles species of *[Diorygma](/source/Diorygma)* in terms of its ecorticate thallus, spore type, and chemistry. However, it differs by having simple, thin paraphysis tips that do not form an epithecium, unlike the reticulately branched, [anastomosed](/source/Anastomosis), and thickened paraphysis tips in *Diorygma* that form a clear epithecium.[3]

*Jocatoa agminalis*, the single species within the genus, is distinguished by its [crustose](/source/Crustose_lichen), corticolous, epiperidermal, and ecorticate thallus, which is light yellowish-brown to olive-green in color. The [photobiont](/source/Glossary_of_lichen_terms#photobiont) is [trentepohlioid](/source/Glossary_of_lichen_terms#trentepohlioid), forming a continuous layer surrounded by small crystals. The [ascocarps](/source/Ascocarp) are abundant and can be [lirelliform](/source/Glossary_of_lichen_terms#lirella) to rounded, [erumpent](/source/Glossary_of_lichen_terms#erumpent), straight to curved, and unbranched when young. They can also form white to cream-colored [pseudostromata](/source/Glossary_of_lichen_terms#pseudostromata) in groups. The species has [hyaline](/source/Hyaline), strongly muriform, [ellipsoid](/source/Ellipsoid) ascospores, with inner cells larger than peripheral cells, measuring 110–217 [μm](/source/Micrometre) by 45–85 μm. *Jocatoa agminalis* features a chemistry with [hypostictic](/source/Hypostictic_acid), [stictic](/source/Stictic_acid), [cryptostictic](/source/Cryptostictic_acid), and [constictic acids](/source/Constictic_acid), as well as three unknown substances that react with [UV light](/source/UV_light).[3]

## Habitat and distribution

*Jocatoa agminalis* is primarily found in mature tropical dry forests, such as those in the [Chamela-Cuixmala Biosphere Reserve](/source/Chamela-Cuixmala_Biosphere_Reserve) in Mexico. It has also been recorded in Colombia's [Magdalena River Valley](/source/Magdalena_River_Valley), [Brownsville, Texas](/source/Brownsville%2C_Texas), [Louisiana](/source/Louisiana), and [Tamaulipas](/source/Tamaulipas), Mexico. The species is generally corticolous, growing on the bark of trees like *[Apoplanesia paniculata](/source/Apoplanesia_paniculata)*, *[Cordia alliodora](/source/Cordia_alliodora)*, *[Thouinia paucidentata](/source/Thouinia_paucidentata)*, and *[Amphipterygium adstringens](/source/Amphipterygium_adstringens)*.[3]

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Species_Fungorum_synonymy_1-0)** ["Synonymy. Current Name: *Jocatoa agminalis* (Nyl.) Lücking, Herrera-Camp. & R. Miranda, in Miranda-González, Lücking, Barcenas-Peña & Herrera-Campos, Bryologist 123(2): 138 (2020)"](https://www.speciesfungorum.org/Names/SynSpecies.asp?RecordID=834678). [Species Fungorum](/source/Species_Fungorum). Retrieved 10 April 2023.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-CoL_2-0)** ["*Jocatoa*"](https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/B2SBQ). *[Catalogue of Life](/source/Catalogue_of_Life)*. [Species 2000](/source/Species_2000): Leiden, the Netherlands. Retrieved 10 April 2023.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Miranda-González_et_al._2020_3-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Miranda-González_et_al._2020_3-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-Miranda-González_et_al._2020_3-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-Miranda-González_et_al._2020_3-3) [***e***](#cite_ref-Miranda-González_et_al._2020_3-4) [***f***](#cite_ref-Miranda-González_et_al._2020_3-5) [***g***](#cite_ref-Miranda-González_et_al._2020_3-6) Miranda-González, Ricardo; Lücking, Robert; Barcenas-Peña, Alejandrina; Ángeles Herrera-Campos, María de los (2020). "The new genus *Jocatoa* (Lecanoromycetes: Graphidaceae) and new insights into subfamily Redonographoideae". *The Bryologist*. **123** (2): 127–143. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1639/0007-2745-123.2.127](https://doi.org/10.1639%2F0007-2745-123.2.127). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [215812045](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:215812045).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Nylander_1867_4-0)** Nylander, W. (1867). ["Prodromus Florae Nova-Granatensis. Lichenes additamentum"](https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/41636232). *Annales des Sciences Naturelles Botanique*. 5 (in Latin). **7**: 301–354 [334].

Taxon identifiers Jocatoa Wikidata: Q117662256 Wikispecies: Jocatoa GBIF: 12237376 IndexFungorum: 834677 SpeciesFungorum: 834677

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