# Job Baster

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{{Short description|Dutch physician and naturalist}}
thumb|Job Baster
thumb|''Opuscula subseciva''.

'''Job Baster''', sometimes Hiob Baster, (2 April 1711, in [Zierikzee](/source/Zierikzee) – 6 March 1775) was a Dutch physician and naturalist who devoted himself almost entirely to the study of medicine and natural history.

He studied and took his degree of doctor of medicine at [Leiden](/source/Leiden) in 1731, and [Albrecht von Haller](/source/Albrecht_von_Haller) has thought his thesis, ''De Osteogenia'', worthy of a place in his collection. Professors like [Herman Boerhaave](/source/Herman_Boerhaave) trained him in scientific methods and he learned to how study natural phenomena. After his study he visited the hospitals and botanical gardens in Paris and London where he became friends with [Philip Miller](/source/Philip_Miller) and [Hans Sloane](/source/Hans_Sloane). Afterwards he settled as a physician in his native town Zierikzee.

In 1738 he became a [Fellow of the Royal Society](/source/Fellow_of_the_Royal_Society) in London on recommendation of Boerhaave and [Willem 'sGravesande](/source/Willem_'sGravesande). Baster was a versatile scientist, in addition to his work as a physician he contributed papers about medicine, horticulture and marine biology to the [Philosophical Transactions](/source/Philosophical_Transactions) and the Verhandelingen der [Hollandsche Maatschappij der Wetenschappen](/source/Hollandsche_Maatschappij_der_Wetenschappen). He also maintained a vast correspondence with leading biologists of his time. In Holland he was famous for his introduction of the [goldfish](/source/goldfish) (Kin-Yu) and his translation of [Philip Miller](/source/Philip_Miller)'s work on horticulture.

==Works==
===Natuurlijke Uitspanningen===
In 1759 he published his most famous multivolume book: ''Natuurlyke Uitspanningen behelzende eenige waarnemingen over sommige zee-planten en zee-insecten'' (Natural accounts about some observations of some marine plants and insects). In the first two volumes of this work he contributes to the discussion if organisms on the bottom of the sea were merely animals, plants or, as [Carl Linnaeus](/source/Carl_Linnaeus) thought, zoophytes (plant-animals). His theory about this subject was, not onrightfully, fiercely opposed by [John Ellis (naturalist)](/source/John_Ellis_(naturalist)). Happily Baster continued to work on this beautifully illustrated book on marine fauna at the Dutch coast. He was the first author to describe and illustrate the medusas of hydropolyps and eggs and larvae of many mollusc species. In 1765, he had to end his marine investigations because at the age of 53 he had become blind in his left eye.

==References==
*Benthem Jutting, W.S.S. van & Hoorn, C.M. van (1967). oude en nieuwe gegevens over leven en arbeid van dr. Job Baster. Archief ZGW 1967, 29-70.
*{{Cite Newgenbio |title=Baster, Job |volume=3 |page=337}}
*Nagtglas, F. (1875). Job Baster M. D., een geleerde Zeeuw, honderd jaren na zijn sterven herdacht. Middelburg, pp. 43.

==External links==
{{commons category}}
*[http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/molh003nieu06_01/molh003nieu06_01_0145.htm Biography and bibliography] (Dutch)
*[http://www.coastsandreefs.net/books/nu/nu.php Illustrations and species in Natuurlijke Uitspanningen] www.coastsandreefs.net
*[http://sdei.senckenberg.de/index/index.php?befehl=about  Gaedike, R.; Groll, E. K. & Taeger, A. 2012: Bibliography of the entomological literature from the beginning until 1863 : online database - version 1.0 - Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut.]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Baster, Job}}
Category:1711 births
Category:1775 deaths
Category:18th-century Dutch naturalists
Category:Dutch entomologists
Category:Dutch fellows of the Royal Society

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Job Baster](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Job_Baster) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Job_Baster?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.