# Jerry Hunt

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{{Short description|American composer (1943–1993)}}
{{Infobox person
| name     = Jerry Hunt<!-- include middle initial, if not specified in birth_name -->
| image    =
| alt     = Jerry Hunt in Biorome
| caption   = Screen capture from ''Biorome'', provided by Michael Schell.
| birth_name  = <!-- only use if different from name -->
| birth_date  = 30 November 1943<!-- {{Birth date and age|YYYY|MM|DD}} or {{Birth-date and age|birth date†}} -->
| birth_place = [Waco](/source/Waco), Texas, U.S.
| death_date  = 27 November 1993 (age 49)<!-- {{Death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} or {{Death-date and age|death date†|birth date†}} -->
| death_place = [Canton](/source/Canton%2C_Texas), Texas, U.S.
| other_names =
| occupation  = Composer
| years_active =
| known_for  = Experimental music

}}

'''Jerry Edward Hunt''' (November 30, 1943 – November 27, 1993) was an American [composer](/source/composer) who created works using live [electronics](/source/electronic_music) partly controlled by his [ritual](/source/ritual)istic performance techniques which were influenced by his interest in the [occult](/source/occult). He was considered a pioneer of live, electronic and computer-aided audio and video.<ref name=peters>{{cite web|last1=Peters|first1=Steve|title=Jerry Hunt: Performance Artifacts|url=http://www.jerryhunt.org/peters.htm|website=Jerry Hunt Home Page|accessdate=14 January 2015}}</ref> Hunt lived his entire life in Texas, living in a house he built himself on his family's ranchland.<ref name=2ndhand /> For Hunt, it was financially necessary to live in Texas, but almost impossible to create a career within the state.<ref name=CRC>{{cite book|last1=Nelson|first1=Peter|last2=Montague|first2=Stephen|title=Contemporary Music Review, Vol 6, Part 1|date=12 February 1992|publisher=CRC Press|isbn=978-3718651160|pages=108–109}}</ref> Hunt was often described as "hyperactive" and always on the move.<ref name=huntmus /> He was also often either chewing on tobacco<ref name=huntmus /> or chewing gum.<ref name=nyt88 /> He often dressed conservatively, in a suit or button-up shirt and tie.<ref name=nyt88 /> He was said to have a "wicked sense of humor."<ref name=peters />

==Early life and education==
Hunt became interested in the [occult](/source/occult) early in life. He became an initiate in a [Rosicrucian](/source/Rosicrucianism) order at age 14{{which|date=July 2022}}<ref name=2ndhand>{{cite book|last1=Smith|first1=Lois|editor1-last=Jasinski|editor1-first=Laurie|title=Handbook of Texas Music History|date=27 February 2012|publisher=Texas State Historical Association|isbn=978-0876112526|edition=2nd}}</ref> and a relative of his was a [Freemason](/source/Freemason).{{relevance inline|date=July 2022}}<ref name=huntmus>{{cite web|last1=Schell|first1=Michael|title=Unlikely Persona: Jerry Hunt (1943–1993)|url=http://www.jerryhunt.org/huntmus.htm|website=The Jerry Hunt Home Page|accessdate=12 January 2015}}</ref> As a teenager, Hunt put ads in the local newspapers, offering mail-order instructions "in the path of the infinite." When a Dallas couple visited and asked for "Master Jerry," his parents became very concerned about his mental health.<ref name=huntmus /> He was subsequently sent to [Galveston](/source/Galveston), Texas for a psychiatric evaluation which found him to be "well adjusted."<ref name="Texas Handbook Online" /> Hunt's parents may have also been concerned about their son's [homosexuality](/source/homosexuality).<ref name=huntmus /> Although Hunt later became an [atheist](/source/Atheism), this love of the occult and a sense of wonder for magic and ritual would continue to influence his performances and body of work.<ref name=huntmus />

Hunt studied composition at the [University of North Texas](/source/University_of_North_Texas).<ref name="Texas Handbook Online">{{citation|last1=Smith|first1=Lois|title=HUNT, JERRY|url=http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fhu88|work=[Handbook of Texas](/source/Handbook_of_Texas)|publisher=Texas State Historical Association|accessdate=10 January 2015}}</ref> As a young adult, Hunt worked as a pianist for various nightclub acts in Texas.<ref name=huntmus /> He worked as a pianist until 1969.<ref name="Texas Handbook Online" /> He said, of the piano, that it was really the only traditional instrument he'd ever enjoyed playing.<ref name=gordon>{{cite web|last1=Monahan|first1=Gordon|title=An Interview with Jerry Hunt|url=http://www.jerryhunt.org/mw_39.htm|website=Jerry Hunt Home Page|accessdate=14 January 2015|date=1986}}</ref>

==Work and artistic vision==

Jerry Hunt briefly taught at [Southern Methodist University](/source/Southern_Methodist_University).<ref name=2ndhand />

Jerry Hunt's body of work was very much influenced by his interest in the occult and his "personal link" to Texas.<ref name=huntmus /> Several of Hunt's compositions were created through Hunt's interpretations of "[hermetic](/source/hermeticism), numerological systems and codes."<ref name=entangled>{{cite book|last1=Salter|first1=Chris|title=Entangled: Technology and the Transformation of Performance|date=12 February 2010|publisher=The MIT Press|isbn=9780262195881|page=212}}</ref> Hunt rarely used traditional instruments in his work. He was a self-taught inventor of electrical and computer-aided musical devices.<ref name=2ndhand /> His musical style is difficult to categorize, but often includes layers of sound that may or may not exist harmoniously with one another.

Jerry Hunt began to perform live in 1978.<ref name=obituary>{{cite web|last1=Schell|first1=Michael|title=Jerry Hunt's obituary|url=http://www.jerryhunt.org/obituary.htm|website=The Jerry Hunt Home Page|accessdate=14 January 2015}}</ref> Hunt's live performances were considered unique and honest by art-critics.<ref name="nyt88">{{cite news|last1=Holland|first1=Bernard|title=Music – Jerry Hunt Pastiche|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1988/02/19/arts/music-jerry-hunt-pastiche.html|newspaper=The New York Times|date=19 February 1988|accessdate=14 January 2015}}</ref> Others have referred to his work as "wonderfully disorienting" because the audience couldn't tell from where the sounds or images were coming from.<ref name=peters /> He was also very interested in the idea of performance which instead of telling people what to think, would "seed" ideas in both the audience and performer.<ref name=peters /> His work was also designed to be less than perfect in the sense that certain movements or gestures would likely, but not always produce a corresponding sound.<ref name=obituary /> Hunt was also very interested in the idea of sound. Was a sound "new" or was the experience of the sound what was actually "new?" <ref name=gordon />

In 1983, Hunt was a guest composer/performance artist at a 2-day residency at the University of North Texas. Through February 14 and 15, he performed 2 concerts and created a "continuous sound gallery."<ref name=unt1983>{{cite web|title=Jerry Hunt (1983)|url=https://composition.music.unt.edu/content/jerry-hunt-1983|website=UNT|accessdate=12 January 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150113033742/https://composition.music.unt.edu/content/jerry-hunt-1983|archive-date=13 January 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>

In the 1990s he collaborated with other artists, including [Karen Finley](/source/Karen_Finley), [Mike Patton](/source/Mike_Patton), 77&nbsp;Hz, Michael Schell, [Paul Panhuysen](/source/Paul_Panhuysen), and [Philip Krumm](/source/Philip_Krumm). Hunt was also the founder of [IRIDA Records](/source/IRIDA_Records), which released recordings with works by [Larry Austin](/source/Larry_Austin), [James Fulkerson](/source/James_Fulkerson), [Dary John Mizelle](/source/Dary_John_Mizelle), [Rodney Waschka II](/source/Rodney_Waschka_II), and others, as well as recordings of his own music.<ref>[http://www.deeplistening.org/dlc/95irida.html The Deep Listening Catalog – Irida Records <!-- Bot generated title -->] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080513151157/http://www.deeplistening.org/dlc/95irida.html |date=2008-05-13 }}</ref>

===Performances===

'''"Diverse Works"''' (1985) performed in [Houston](/source/Houston), Texas.<ref>{{cite journal |journal=Texas Monthly |title=Music |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lCsEAAAAMBAJ&dq=Jerry+Hunt+%22Diverse+Works%22&pg=PA78 |date=November 1985 |volume=13 |issue=11 |page=78}}</ref>

'''"Birome (Zone): Cube"''' (1988) was a performance that consisted of multi-layered, computer-generated sound and where Jerry Hunt stomped back and forth, clapping his hands and shining lights and shaking artifacts at the audience.<ref name=nyt88 /> [Cymbals](/source/Cymbals), bells, rattles and wood blocks were also used to produce various sounds. In addition, "amoebic" images moved across two television screens in the background.<ref name=nyt88 />

==Later life and death==

===NEA controversy===

In the early 1990s, Jerry Hunt and Karen Finley were involved in a controversy over grant money distributed by the [National Endowment for the Arts](/source/National_Endowment_for_the_Arts) (NEA). Hunt and Finley proposed a grant for $20,000 which would cover the funds needed to create a collaborative work using a "talk-show format to explore mental illness."<ref name=divide47>{{cite news|title=NEA Divides $47 Million Among 1,200 : Arts grants: Two performers whose applications were rejected last year under anti-obscenity statute receive funds.|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1991-01-05-ca-6987-story.html|access-date=15 January 2015|work=Los Angeles Times|date=5 January 1991}}</ref> Funds were released in 1991, after being rejected the year before.<ref name=divide47 />

The controversy included allegations of NEA support for "[obscene](/source/Obscenity) and [blasphemous](/source/Blasphemy) art."<ref name=divide47 /> It also alleged a perceived [conflict of interest](/source/conflict_of_interest) in the grant-awarding process of the NEA because Hunt was a member of the New Forms grant panel.<ref name=conflictinterest>{{cite news|last1=Parachini|first1=Allan|title=f Interest (Page 2 of 2) Conflict of Interest Issue in NEA Grants? : Arts: Oversight panels include artists who have applied for funding. But this does not violate written endowment policy.|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1990-07-27-ca-802-story.html|access-date=15 January 2015|work=Los Angeles Times|date=27 July 1990}}</ref>

===Suicide===

Jerry Hunt committed [suicide](/source/suicide) at his home near [Canton, Texas](/source/Canton%2C_Texas) after suffering from long-term terminal lung [cancer](/source/cancer) and [emphysema](/source/emphysema).<ref name="Texas Handbook Online"/> He used [carbon monoxide](/source/carbon_monoxide), spending an additional thousand dollars for an automatic shut-off valve to not cause a hazard after he died. Before his suicide, he videotaped himself demonstrating the apparatus, a mask attached to a cylinder of carbon monoxide gas (see [Mercitron](/source/Mercitron)).<ref>{{citation|title=Jerry Hunt obituary<!-- gussing at title, not vis in Google snippet -->|journal=Musicworks|issue=64–66|date=July 12, 1996|page=23|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ssY4AQAAIAAJ}}</ref><ref>{{citation|title=Euthanasia is legal for residents of one US state – Oregon. But not for long if the White House can help it|author=Sutherland, John. |newspaper=The Guardian|date=May 19, 2003|id={{ProQuest|<!-- insert ProQuest data here -->}}  <!-- KCLS online -->|quote=A [euthanasia] technique currently recommended on the web is carbon monoxide inhalation. You can get a cylinder of the stuff, together with an adaptable mask, from any construction-supply firm. The process is explained, in a cheerful video made on his way out by Jerry Hunt. }}</ref>

==Partial discography==
''Other Places—Lois Svard performs Elodie Laten, Jerry Hunt, Kyle Gann'', Lois Svard, piano. New York: [Lovely Music](/source/Lovely_Music) Ltd., 1997. Audio CD.
* "Trapani (Stream)"
''Gay American Composers'' [Composers Recordings, Inc.](/source/Composers_Recordings%2C_Inc.), 1997. Audio CD.
* "Transform (Stream)"
''Jerry Hunt: Lattice''. New York: [New World Records](/source/New_World_Records), 2007. (Rerelease of CRI recording from 1996 which was a rerelease of the IRIDA recording listed below from 1979, with the addition of "Lattice".)<ref name=nwr>{{cite web|title=Jerry Hunt: Lattice|url=http://www.newworldrecords.org/album.cgi?rm=view&album_id=17495|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071218043733/http://www.newworldrecords.org/album.cgi?rm=view&album_id=17495|url-status=dead|archive-date=December 18, 2007|website=New World Records|accessdate=13 January 2015}}</ref>
* "Lattice"
* "Transform (Stream)"
* "Cantegral Segment 18.17"
* "Transphalba"
* "Volta (Kernel)"
''Jerry Hunt'' works by Hunt and Barton Workshop. [Tzadik](/source/Tzadik_Records), 2004. Audio CD.
* "Phalba (Ila Multiplex)"
* "Chimanzzi (Variant)"
* "Cantegral Segment No. 19"
* "Chimanzzi (Olun)"
''Ground : Five Mechanic Convention Streams'' Bridgeport, CT: O.O. Discs, 1992. Audio CD.
* "Chimanzzi (Olun): core"
* "Lattice (stream): ordinal"
* "Transform (stream) monopole"
* "Talk (slice)"
* "Bitom (stream)"
''Jerry Hunt'', performed by Michael Schell. St. Paul, CT: Innova 114
* "Song Drape No. 2"
''Jerry Hunt'' works by Hunt, performed by Hunt. Canton, Texas: Irida 0032, 1979.
* "Transform (Stream)"
* "Cantegral Segment 18.17"
* "Transphalba"
* "Volta (Kernel)"
''The Aerial, Volume 1''. Santa Fe, New Mexico: Nonsequitur Foundation, 1990.<ref>[https://nseq.blogspot.com/1990_02_01_nseq_archive.html nonsequitur: February 1990<!-- Bot generated title -->] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080516080305/http://nseq.blogspot.com/1990_02_01_nseq_archive.html |date=2008-05-16 }}</ref>
* "Babylon (string)"
''Fluxus – works by Jerry Hunt / [Philip Krumm](/source/Philip_Krumm) / [Mama Baer](/source/Mama_Baer) / [Kommissar Hjuler](/source/Kommissar_Hjuler)''. Germany: Psych.&nbsp;kg 263. 2016. LP.
* "Fluud"

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.jerryhunt.org The Jerry Hunt Home Page]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hunt, Jerry}}
Category:1943 births
Category:1993 suicides
Category:1993 deaths
Category:20th-century American classical composers
Category:American atheists
Category:American electronic musicians
Category:American male classical composers
Category:American sound artists
Category:Classical musicians from Texas
Category:LGBTQ classical composers
Category:American gay musicians
Category:American LGBTQ composers
Category:LGBTQ people from Texas
Category:Gay composers
Category:Suicides by carbon monoxide poisoning
Category:Suicides in Texas
Category:Southern Methodist University faculty
Category:Tzadik Records artists
Category:People from Canton, Texas
Category:Musicians from Waco, Texas
Category:University of North Texas College of Music alumni
Category:20th-century American LGBTQ people
Category:20th-century American male composers

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Jerry Hunt](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerry_Hunt) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerry_Hunt?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.