# Jeremiah 9

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{{Short description|Book of Jeremiah, chapter 9}}
{{Bible chapter|letname= Jeremiah 9 |previouslink= Jeremiah 8 |previousletter= chapter 8 |nextlink= Jeremiah 10 |nextletter= chapter 10 |book=[Book of Jeremiah](/source/Book_of_Jeremiah) |biblepart=[Old Testament](/source/Old_Testament) | booknum= 24 |hbiblepart= [Nevi'im](/source/Nevi'im) | hbooknum = 6 |category= [Latter Prophets](/source/Nevi'im) | filename= Aleppo-HighRes2-Neviim6-Jeremiah (page 1 crop).jpg |size=242px |caption=<div style="width: 242px; text-align: center; line-height: 1em">A high resolution scan of the Aleppo Codex showing the [Book of Jeremiah](/source/Book_of_Jeremiah) (the sixth book in Nevi'im).</div>}}
'''Jeremiah 9''' is the ninth [chapter](/source/Chapters_and_verses_of_the_Bible) of the [Book of Jeremiah](/source/Book_of_Jeremiah) in the [Hebrew Bible](/source/Hebrew_Bible) or the [Old Testament](/source/Old_Testament) of the [Christian](/source/Christianity) [Bible](/source/Bible). This book contains prophecies attributed to the [prophet](/source/Biblical_prophet) [Jeremiah](/source/Jeremiah), and is one of the [Books of the Prophets](/source/Nevi'im).

==Text==
The original text was written in [Hebrew language](/source/Biblical_Hebrew). [This chapter is divided into](/source/Chapters_and_verses_of_the_Bible) 26 verses in Christian Bibles, but 25 verses in the Hebrew Bible, Hebrew manuscripts and in the [JPS Version](/source/Jewish_Publication_Society_of_America_Version), where the verses ''Jeremiah 8:23 + Jeremiah 9:1-25'' are numbered as Jeremiah 9:1-26 in Christian Bibles. This article generally follows the common numbering in Christian English Bible versions, with notes to the numbering in Hebrew Bible versions.

===Textual witnesses===
Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in [Hebrew](/source/Biblical_Hebrew) are of the [Masoretic Text](/source/Masoretic_Text) tradition, which includes the [Codex Cairensis](/source/Codex_Cairensis) (895), [the Petersburg Codex of the Prophets](/source/Codex_Babylonicus_Petropolitanus) (916), [Aleppo Codex](/source/Aleppo_Codex) (10th century), [Codex Leningradensis](/source/Leningrad_Codex) (1008).{{sfn|Würthwein|1995|pp=35-37}} Some fragments containing parts of this chapter were found among the [Dead Sea Scrolls](/source/Dead_Sea_Scrolls), i.e., 4QJer<sup>a</sup> (4Q70; 225-175 BCE<ref>Cross, F.M. ''apud'' Freedman, D.N.; Mathews, K.A. (1985). ''The Paleo-Hebrew Leviticus Scroll (11QpaleoLev)''. Winona Lake, Indiana. p. 55</ref><ref>{{cite book
|last = Sweeney
|first = Marvin A. 
|title =Form and Intertextuality in Prophetic and Apocalyptic Literature
|volume = 45
|series=Forschungen zum Alten Testament
|issn = 0940-4155
|edition=reprint
|publisher=Wipf and Stock Publishers
|year= 2010
|pages=66
|isbn=9781608994182|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KIxMAwAAQBAJ
}}</ref>) with extant verses 1‑3, 8‑16 [Hebrew: 8:23; 9:1-2, 7-15],<ref>{{Cite book|title = A Guide to the Dead Sea Scrolls and Related Literature|last = Fitzmyer|first = Joseph A.| author-link = Joseph Fitzmyer | publisher = William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company| url= https://books.google.com/books?id=TILXeWJ2eNAC | year = 2008 | pages = 37 |isbn = 9780802862419 | location = Grand Rapids, MI | access-date= February 15, 2019}}</ref> 4QJer<sup>b</sup> (4Q71; mid 2nd century BCE{{sfn|Sweeney|2010|p=66}}) with extant verses 23‑24, 26 [Hebrew: 22-23, 25],{{sfn|Fitzmyer|2008|p=38}} and 4QJer<sup>c</sup> (4Q72; 1st century BC)<ref>"The Evolution of a Theory of the Local Texts" in Cross, F.M.; Talmon, S. (eds) (1975) Qumran and the History of Biblical Text (Cambridge, MA - London). p.308 n. 8</ref> with extant verses 1‑6 [Hebrew: 8:23; 9:1-5] (similar to Masoretic Text).<ref name="tov1989">{{cite journal
| last= Tov
| first = Emanuel 
| title = The Jeremiah Scrolls from Qumran 
| journal = Revue de Qumrân
| issue = 2 (54)
| pages = 189–206
| publisher = Editions Gabalda
| volume = 14
| year = 1989
| issn = 0035-1725
| jstor = 24608791
}}
</ref>{{sfn|Fitzmyer|2008|p=38}}{{sfn|Ulrich|2010|p= 560–563}}

There is also a translation into [Koine Greek](/source/Koine_Greek) known as the [Septuagint](/source/Septuagint), made in the last few centuries BCE. Extant ancient manuscripts of the [Septuagint](/source/Septuagint) version include [Codex Vaticanus](/source/Codex_Vaticanus) ('''B'''; <math> \mathfrak{G}</math><sup>B</sup>; 4th century), [Codex Sinaiticus](/source/Codex_Sinaiticus) ('''S'''; [BHK](/source/Biblia_Hebraica_(Kittel)): <math> \mathfrak{G}</math><sup>S</sup>; 4th century), [Codex Alexandrinus](/source/Codex_Alexandrinus) ('''A'''; <math> \mathfrak{G}</math><sup>A</sup>; 5th century) and [Codex Marchalianus](/source/Codex_Marchalianus) ('''Q'''; <math> \mathfrak{G}</math><sup>Q</sup>; 6th century).{{sfn|Würthwein|1995|pp=73-74}}

==Parashot==
The ''[parashah](/source/parashah)'' sections listed here are based on the [Aleppo Codex](/source/Aleppo_Codex).<ref>As implemented in the [http://mechon-mamre.org/e/et/et0.htm Jewish Publication Society's 1917 edition of the Hebrew Bible in English].</ref> Jeremiah 9 is a part of the ''Fourth prophecy ([Jeremiah 7](/source/Jeremiah_7)[-10](/source/Jeremiah_10))'' in the section of ''Prophecies of Destruction ([Jeremiah 1](/source/Jeremiah_1)-[25](/source/Jeremiah_25))''. As mentioned in the "Text" section, verses ''8:23 + 9:1-25'' in the Hebrew Bible below are numbered as 9:1-26 in Christian Bibles. {P}: open ''parashah''; {S}: closed ''parashah''.
: {S} 8:23 {S}{S} 9:1-5 {S} 9:6-8 {S} 9:9-10 {S} 9:11 {S} 9:12-13 {P} 9:14-15 {P} 9:16-18 {S} 9:19-21 {S} 9:22-23 {S} 9:24-25 {P}

==Verse 1==
:''Oh, that my head were waters,''
:''And my eyes a fountain of tears,''
:''That I might weep day and night''
:''For the slain of the daughter of my people!''<ref>{{bibleref2|Jeremiah|9:1|NKJV}} [NKJV](/source/New_King_James_Version); cf. {{bibleverse|Jeremiah|8:23|HE}} Hebrew Bible</ref>
This verse is Jeremiah 8:23 in Hebrew manuscripts and in the [JPS Version](/source/Jewish_Publication_Society_of_America_Version).

==Verse 25==
: ''"Behold, the days are coming," says the Lord,''
: ''"that I will punish all who are circumcised with the uncircumcised."''<ref>{{bibleref2|Jeremiah|9:25|NKJV}} NKJV; cf. {{bibleverse|Jeremiah|9:24|HE}} Hebrew Bible</ref>
Cross reference: {{bibleref2|Ezekiel|6:5|KJV}}
* "Behold, the days are coming": a typical phrase in Jeremiah's prophecy.<ref name=newoxford/>

==Verse 26==
: ''"Egypt, Judah, Edom, the people of Ammon, Moab, and all who are in the farthest corners, who dwell in the wilderness.''
: ''For all these nations are uncircumcised, and all the house of Israel are uncircumcised in the heart."''<ref>{{bibleref2|Jeremiah|9:26|NKJV}} NKJV; cf. {{bibleverse|Jeremiah|9:25|HE}} Hebrew Bible</ref>
* "Uncircumcised in the heart": denoting "the physical marks of religious devotion ... without an obedient will."<ref name=newoxford>The New Oxford Annotated Bible with the Apocrypha, Augmented Third Edition, New Revised Standard Version, Indexed. Michael D. Coogan, Marc Brettler, Carol A. Newsom, Editors. Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA; 2007. p. 1092-1094 Hebrew Bible. {{ISBN|978-0195288810}}</ref> [Circumcision](/source/Circumcision) as a sign of God's covenant with [Abraham](/source/Abraham) was meaningless without a faithful heart to God; God would ignore it when it was just "an outward symbol" ({{bibleref2|Deuteronomy|10:12-22}}).<ref>The Nelson Study Bible 1997, pp. 1241-1243</ref>

==See also==
{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
*[Ammon](/source/Ammon)
*[Moab](/source/Moab)
*[Egypt](/source/Egypt)
*[Israel](/source/Israel)
*[Judah](/source/Kingdom_of_Judah)
*[Edom](/source/Edom)
*[Jerusalem](/source/Jerusalem)
*[Zion](/source/Zion)
{{div col end}}
*Related [Bible](/source/Bible) parts: [Deuteronomy 10](/source/Deuteronomy_10), [Jeremiah 8](/source/Jeremiah_8)

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==Sources==
* {{cite book
| title     = The Nelson Study Bible
| year      = 1997
| publisher = Thomas Nelson, Inc. 
| isbn      = 9780840715999}}
* {{Cite book
| editor-last  = Ulrich
| editor-first = Eugene |editor-link= Eugene Ulrich
| title        = The Biblical Qumran Scrolls: Transcriptions and Textual Variants
| year         = 2010
| publisher    = Brill| url          = https://archive.org/details/TheBiblicalQumranScrolls
}}
*{{cite book | last = Würthwein | first = Ernst | author-link = Ernst Würthwein | title = The Text of the Old Testament | publisher = Wm. B. Eerdmans |location = Grand Rapids, MI | year=  1995 | translator-first1 = Erroll F.| translator-last1 = Rhodes |isbn = 978-0-8028-0788-5 | url= https://books.google.com/books?id=FSNKSBObCYwC | access-date= January 26, 2019}}

==External links==

===Jewish===
*[http://www.mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt1109.htm Jeremiah 9 Hebrew with Parallel English]
*[http://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16006 Jeremiah 9 Hebrew with Rashi's Commentary]

===Christian===
*[http://www.latinvulgate.com/lv/verse.aspx?t=0&b=28&c=9 Jeremiah 9 English Translation with Parallel Latin Vulgate]

{{Book of Jeremiah}}

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Jeremiah 9](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremiah_9) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremiah_9?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.