# Jat Muslim

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Ethnoreligious subgroup of South Asia

Ethnic group

Jat Muslim Total population ~21 million (see below) Regions with significant populations Pakistan ~21 million (2009 estimation)[1] India ~240,000 (1988 estimation)[2] Languages Punjabi • Sindhi • Jatki • Urdu • Khariboli • Haryanvi • Bagri • Hindi Religion Islam Related ethnic groups Jats, Jat Sikh

**Jat Muslim,** or **Musalman Jats** ([Punjabi](/source/Punjabi_language): مسلمان جٹ; [Sindhi](/source/Sindhi_language): مسلمان جتcode: snd promoted to code: sd ), are an elastic and diverse[3] [ethnoreligious](/source/Ethnoreligious_group) subgroup of the [Jat people](/source/Jat_people), who follow [Islam](/source/Islam) and are native to the northwestern [Indian subcontinent](/source/Indian_subcontinent).[4] They are primarily found in the Pakistani provinces of [Punjab](/source/Punjab%2C_Pakistan), [Sindh](/source/Sindh) and [Azad Kashmir](/source/Azad_Kashmir).[5] A small minority is also present in India's [Haryana](/source/Haryana) and [Western Uttar Pradesh](/source/Western_Uttar_Pradesh), where they are referred to as **Muley Jats**.[6]

The Jats began embracing Islam during the medieval period, influenced in part by [Sufi](/source/Sufi) teachings. According to the Jawahir-i-Faridi, Jat clans such as the Khokhars, Bhattis, Dhudhis, Hans, Johiyas, and Wattus converted during the time of [Baba Farid](/source/Baba_Farid).[7][8] The process of conversion was gradual.[9]

## History

A gold dinar minted by the Zutt Emir [Ubaydallah ibn al-Sari](/source/Ubaydallah_ibn_al-Sari)

Grand Vizier [Saadullah Khan](/source/Saadullah_Khan_(Mughal_Empire)) meeting with his officials

Portrait of [Faizullah Khan](/source/Faizullah_Khan), the founder of [Rampur State](/source/Rampur_State)

For the historical Jat community in medieval Iraq, see [Zutt](/source/Zutt).

The [Jats](/source/Sindhi_Jats) were one of the first communities of the [Subcontinent](/source/Indian_Subcontinent) to interact with the [Muslims](/source/Muslims). They were known as the *[Zuṭṭ](/source/Zu%E1%B9%AD%E1%B9%AD)* ([Arabic](/source/Arabic_language): الزُّطِّ),[10][11][12] although this term also referred to several other groups—such as the Sāyabija, Andāghar, and Qufs—not all of whom were necessarily ethnic Jats.[13] The Zutt were originally from the [Indus Valley](/source/Indus_Valley), but had been settling in [lower Iraq](/source/Lower_Mesopotamia) since the reign of [Bahram V](/source/Bahram_V).[14] Following the failed [Zutt Rebellion](/source/Zutt_Rebellion), the Zutt lost their power and distinct identity.[15] They ceased their migrations into Iraq following the fragmentation of the [Abbasid Caliphate](/source/Abbasid_Caliphate). The Arabs had noted several agglomerations of Jats settled throughout the province of [Sind](/source/Sind_(caliphal_province)).[16]

Between the 11th and 16th centuries, some [Sindhi Jats](/source/Sindhi_Jats) migrated up into [Punjab](/source/Punjab).[17][18] Many clans have traditions of converting to Islam during this period, influenced by [Sufis](/source/Sufism) like [Baba Farid](/source/Baba_Farid).[19] By the 16th century, many [Punjabi](/source/Punjabi_Muslims) clans west of the [Ravi river](/source/Ravi_River) had converted.[20] Despite conversion, many Jats continued to resist foreign [Muslim imperial powers](/source/Muslim_conquests_of_India) such as the [Timurids](/source/Timurid_dynasty),[21][22] [Mughals](/source/Mughals),[23] and [Surs](/source/Sur_Empire).[24][25] Meanwhile, others chose to cooperate with the Muslim rulers to advance their own interests.

During the [Delhi Sultanate](/source/Delhi_Sultanate), [Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq](/source/Ghiyath_al-Din_Tughluq) was appointed as the governor of [Multan](/source/Multan), and later of [Dipalpur](/source/Dipalpur). His early forces were primarily composed of Jat tribesmen recruited from Dipalpur, who fought alongside him in all his campaigns.[26]

During Mughal rule, Jats came to own considerable land and exert local influence.[16][27] The Mughals never had direct control over many of these rural grandees.[18] Some also obtained high positions, such as [Grand Vizier](/source/List_of_Mughal_grand_viziers) and [Vakil-i-Mutlaq](/source/Vakil-i-Mutlaq), [Saadullah Khan](/source/Saadullah_Khan_(Mughal_Empire)),[28][29] [Faujdar](/source/Faujdar) of [Sialkot](/source/Sialkot), [Rahmat Khan Bajwa](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rahmat_Khan_Bajwa&action=edit&redlink=1),[30][31] prominent [Jagirdar](/source/Jagirdar), Rai Muhammad Jani [Malhi](/source/Malhi_(clan)),[32] and governor of [Gujrat](/source/Gujrat%2C_Pakistan), [Rehmat Khan Warraich](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rehmat_Khan_Warraich&action=edit&redlink=1).[33]

As the [Mughal empire began to decline](/source/Mughal_decline), various groups vied to fill the resulting power vacuum.[18] Among them were several ambitious Muslim Jat chiefs and princes. In [Rohilkhand](/source/Rohilkhand), the [Rohilla Nawabs](/source/Rohilla_dynasty) established the [Kingdom of Rohilkhand](/source/Kingdom_of_Rohilkhand) and the [Rampur State](/source/Rampur_State).[34][35][36][37] In the [Deccan](/source/Deccan), a descendant of [Saadullah Khan](/source/Saadullah_Khan_(Mughal_Empire)), [Muzaffar Jang Hidayat](/source/Muzaffar_Jang_Hidayat), briefly became the [Nizam](/source/Nizam) of [Hyderabad](/source/Hyderabad_State).[38][39] And in [Punjab](/source/Punjab), the [Gondal](/source/Gondal_(clan)) Jats of the [Gondal Bar](/source/Gondal_Bar) resisted [Nader Shah](/source/Nader_Shah),[22] while the [Pakpattan](/source/Pakpattan#Pakpattan_state_(1692–1810_CE)) and Chattha states resisted the expanding [Sikh Misls](/source/Sikh_Empire).[40][41] With the establishment of the [British Raj](/source/British_Raj), all formerly independent or autonomous polities were either annexed or integrated into the colonial empire as [princely states](/source/Princely_states).

During British rule, many [Punjabi Muslims](/source/Punjabi_Muslims), including Jats, would enlist in the [British Indian Army](/source/British_Indian_Army).[42][43] Most were recruited from the [Pothohar Plateau](/source/Pothohar_Plateau).[44]

Certain Punjabi Jat families—such as the [Mokals](/source/Mokal), [Nakais](/source/Nakai_Misl#Descendants), and [Pahuwindias](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pahuwindia&action=edit&redlink=1)—had strong ties to the [Lahore Durbar](/source/Lahore_Durbar) before their conversion to Islam, which granted them significant influence in the districts of Lahore, Kasur, Sahiwal, and Okara. Despite their conversion and the subsequent [Partition of Punjab](/source/Partition_of_Punjab), these families maintained much of their social and political standing. Notable figures from these lineages include Habibullah Khan Mokal, [Muhammad Arif Nakai](/source/Sardar_Muhammad_Arif_Nakai), and Ahmed Said Pahuwindia.[45]

## Demographics

[Mahommedan](/source/Mahommedan) Jat cultivators. Wife:—with *izār*, *kurta*, and *orhni* or *chadar*; husband:—with *majba*, *chadar*, and *joridar pagri*. “India,” *Encyclopædia Britannica* (11th ed.), 1911.

Along the [Indus](/source/Indus), where most Muslim Jats live, 'Jat' identity was historically more fluid. In [West Punjab](/source/West_Punjab) and [NWFP](/source/NWFP), 'Jat' was more of a socioeconomic title associated with farmers, rather than a strict ethnic or caste identity. A powerful Punjabi Jat family could [eventually become known](/source/Rajputisation) as '[Rajput](/source/Muslim_Rajputs)' instead.[46][47] Similarly, in [Sindh](/source/Sindh) and [Makran](/source/Makran), 'Jat' usually referred either to peasants, or to the [Jath](/source/Jats_of_Balochistan) people.[48][49] As such, many of those included under the umbrella of "Muslim Jats" come from diverse origins.

Some Muslim Jats, especially those living in and around [Majha Punjab](/source/Majha), belong to clans which are also found among Sikh and Hindu Jats in India. For example, the [Chatthas](/source/Chattha_(clan)), [Gondals](/source/Gondal_(clan)), [Sandhus](/source/Sandhu), and [Waraich](/source/Warraich_(clan)).[50][51]

### British Punjab

As per the 1921 census, 47.3% of the Jats followed Islam in [British Punjab](/source/Punjab_Province_(British_India)), as compared to 33% who were Sikhs and 19% who were Hindus.[52] In the 1931 census, the total Muslim Jat population was 2,941,395 (out of British Punjab's total population of 28,490,857).[53]

The former Punjab Province of British India extended beyond the borders of present-day Punjab in both Pakistan and India, encompassing regions that are now parts of the modern-day Indian states of [Haryana](/source/Haryana), [Himachal Pradesh](/source/Himachal_Pradesh), [Delhi](/source/Delhi), [Chandigarh](/source/Chandigarh) and [Jammu and Kashmir](/source/Jammu_and_Kashmir_(union_territory)), in addition to today's Punjab.

### Pakistan and India

In modern times, Pakistani Jat maintain clan identity through the [biradri](/source/Biradri) system, and it plays an important role in politics in the country. This system is also influential among [British Pakistani](/source/British_Pakistani) Jats.[54][55]

In 1988, Sukhbir Singh estimated the total Muslim Jat population to be around 13 million in Pakistan and 240,000 in India. He extrapolated these numbers from older British censuses, and factored in the natural population growth in both countries. In terms of percentages by religious affiliation, Sukhbir Singh also wrote that Jat Muslims form the largest subgroup, amounting to 42% of all Jats in the Indian subcontinent, followed by [Hindus](/source/Jats#Hindu_Jats) (33%) and [Sikhs](/source/Jat_Sikh) (25%).[2]

In 2009, the Pakistani Jat population was estimated to be roughly 21 million.[1] The Jats, together with [Rajputs](/source/Muslim_Rajputs) and [Gujjars](/source/Muslim_Gujjars), are the dominant [Punjabi Muslim](/source/Punjabi_Muslims) communities settled across eastern Pakistan.[56]

## Notable people

[Naseer Ahmad Malhi](/source/Naseer_Ahmad_Malhi)

- [Saadullah Khan](/source/Saadullah_Khan_(Mughal_Empire)), [Grand Vizier](/source/List_of_Mughal_grand_viziers) and [Vakil-i-Mutlaq](/source/Vakil-i-Mutlaq) of the [Mughal Empire](/source/Mughal_Empire)[28]

- [Muzaffar Jang Hidayat](/source/Muzaffar_Jang_Hidayat), third [Nizam](/source/Nizam) of [Hyderabad](/source/Hyderabad_State)[29]

- [Ali Mohammed Khan](/source/Ali_Mohammed_Khan), founder of the [Kingdom of Rohilkhand](/source/Kingdom_of_Rohilkhand), progenitor of the [Rohilla dynasty](/source/Rohilla_dynasty)[34][37]

- [Faizullah Khan](/source/Faizullah_Khan), founder of the [Princely State of Rampur](/source/Rampur_State)[37]

- [Hafiz Barkhurdar Ranjha](/source/Hafiz_Barkhurdar_Ranjha), [Sufi saint](/source/Sufi_saint), [Punjabi poet](/source/Punjabi_language) and religious scholar[57][58]

- [Chitu Khan](/source/Chitu_Khan), a [pindari](/source/Pindari) chief, fought in the [Third Anglo-Maratha war](/source/Third_Anglo-Maratha_War#Conflict_with_the_Pindaris)[59]

- [Pir Muhammad Chattha](/source/Pir_Muhammad_Chattha), fiercely resisted the [Sikh Misls](/source/Sikh_Misls)[60][61]

- [Qadir Yar](/source/Qadir_Yar), [Punjabi poet](/source/Punjabi_language), court poet of the [Lahore Durbar](/source/Lahore_Durbar)[62][63]

- [Muhammad Arif Nakai](/source/Arif_Nakai), Pakistani politician, direct descendant of the [Nakai misldars](/source/Nakai_Misl#Nakai_Misl_Rulers_from_1748_to_1810)[64]

- [Amir Sultan Tarar](/source/Amir_Sultan_Tarar), the "Colonel Imam", trained [Afghan Mujahideen](/source/Afghan_mujahideen) and [Taliban](/source/Taliban) fighters[65][66]

- [Qamar Javed Bajwa](/source/Qamar_Javed_Bajwa), 10th [Chief of Army Staff](/source/Chief_of_Army_Staff_(Pakistan)) of the [Pakistani Armed Forces](/source/Pakistani_Armed_Forces)[67][68]

- [Zaheer Ahmad Babar Sidhu](/source/Zaheer_Ahmad_Babar), 16th [Chief of Air Staff](/source/Chief_of_the_Air_Staff_(Pakistan)) of the [Pakistani Air Force](/source/Pakistani_Air_Force)[68][69]

- [Chaudhary Naseer Ahmed Abbas](/source/Chaudhary_Naseer_Ahmed_Abbas), member of the [National Assembly of Pakistan](/source/National_Assembly_of_Pakistan), brother of Air Chief [Zaheer Sidhu](/source/Zaheer_Ahmad_Babar)[70][71]

- [Naseer Ahmad Malhi](/source/Naseer_Ahmad_Malhi), prominent activist of the [Pakistan Movement](/source/Pakistan_Movement), first Minister of Education of [West Pakistan](/source/West_Pakistan)[72]

## See also

- [Sindhi Jats](/source/Sindhi_Jats)

- [Punjabi Muslims](/source/Punjabi_Muslims)

- [Jats of Balochistan](/source/Jats_of_Balochistan)

- [List of Jats](/source/List_of_Jats)

## References

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Lodrick_2009_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Lodrick_2009_1-1) Lodrick, Deryck O. (2009). ["JATS"](https://books.google.com/books?id=QbhZAAAAYAAJ). In Gallagher, Timothy L.; Hobby, Jeneen (eds.). Worldmark Encyclopedia of Cultures and Daily Life. Volume 3: Asia & Oceania (2nd ed.). [Gale](/source/Gale_(publisher)). pp. 418–419. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1414448916](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1414448916).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Singh_1988_2-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Singh_1988_2-1) Singh, S. (1988). "Distributional pattern of the major agricultural communities (Ahirs, Gujars, Jats and Rajputs) in their traditional abode of the northwestern Indian subcontinent". *Population Geography*. **10** (1–2): 1–17. [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [12179032](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12179032).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** Bayly, Susan (2001). *Caste, society and politics in India from the eighteenth century to the modern age*. The new Cambridge history of India / general ed. Gordon Johnson 4, The evolution of contemporary South Asia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-521-79842-6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-79842-6).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** Jairath, Vinod K. (3 April 2013). [*Frontiers of Embedded Muslim Communities in India*](https://books.google.com/books?id=5sffCgAAQBAJ). Routledge. p. 1. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-136-19680-5](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-136-19680-5).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Jaffrelot2002_5-0)** [Jaffrelot, Christophe](/source/Christophe_Jaffrelot), ed. (2002). [*A History of Pakistan and Its Origins*](https://books.google.com/books?id=-fBtAAAAMAAJ). Translated by Gillian Beaumont. London: Anthem Press. pp. 205–206. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-84331-030-3](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84331-030-3). [OCLC](/source/OCLC_(identifier)) [61512448](https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/61512448).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** Gupta, Dipankar (1997). [Rivalry and Brotherhood: Politics in the Life of Farmers in Northern India](https://books.google.com/books?id=q__sAAAAMAAJ&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=muley). Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1997. pp. 2, 34, 44-47, 50, 57, 60, 63–65, 82–85, 87, 124, 160. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-19-564101-1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-564101-1).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** Cug̲h̲tāʼī, Muḥammad Ikrām (2006). [*Babaji: Life and Teachings of Farid-ud Din Ganj-i Shakar*](https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Babaji/mbZjAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=the+shrine+of+baba+farid+bhattis&dq=the+shrine+of+baba+farid+bhattis&printsec=frontcover). Sang-e- Meel Publications. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-969-35-1824-5](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-969-35-1824-5).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** Shri, Satya. [*Demystifying Brahminism and Re-Inventing Hinduism: Volume 2 - Re-Inventing Hinduism*](https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Demystifying_Brahminism_and_Re_Inventing/Vw0EDgAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=the+shrine+of+baba+farid+bhattis&pg=RA4-PT54&printsec=frontcover). Notion Press. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-946515-56-8](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-946515-56-8).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-9)** Wink, André (2002). [*Al-Hind: The Slavic Kings and the Islamic conquest, 11th-13th centuries*](https://books.google.com/books?id=uQ7k2vQlYxEC&pg=PA241#v=onepage&q=slow%20process&f=false). BRILL. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-391-04174-5](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-391-04174-5).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-10)** Maclean, Derryl N. (1984). [Religion and Society in Arab Sind](https://books.google.com/books?id=kGxqygAACAAJ). McGill University. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-315-20821-6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-315-20821-6). Pg. 45.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-11)** Nizami, Khaliq Ahmad (1994). "Early Arab Contact with South Asia". *Journal of Islamic Studies*. 5 (1): 52–69. [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [0955-2340](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0955-2340). [JSTOR](/source/JSTOR_(identifier)) [26196673](https://www.jstor.org/stable/26196673). Pg. 57.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-12)** ʿAthamina, Khalil (1998). "Non-Arab Regiments and Private Militias during the Umayyād Period"]. Arabica. 45 (3): 347–378. [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [0570-5398](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0570-5398). Pg. 355. [JSTOR](/source/JSTOR_(identifier)) [4057316](https://www.jstor.org/stable/4057316)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-13)** Zakeri, Mohsen (1995). [Sāsānid Soldiers in Early Muslim Society: The Origins of ʻAyyārān and Futuwwa](https://books.google.com/books?id=VfYnu5F20coC&dq=zutt&pg=PA195#v=onepage&q=zutt&f=false). Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-3-447-03652-8](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-447-03652-8). Pg. 123, 195, 196.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-14)** Wink, André (2002). [Al-Hind, The Making of the Indo-Islamic World: Slave Kings and the Islamic Conquest, 11th-13th Centuries](https://books.google.com/books?id=uQ7k2vQlYxEC&pg=PA241#v=onepage&q=slow%20process&f=false). Vol. 2. Boston: Brill. p. 48, 157. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-391-04174-5](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-391-04174-5). [OCLC](/source/OCLC_(identifier)) [48837811](https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/48837811).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Tabiri_15-0)** [*The History of al-Ṭabarī Vol. 33: Storm and Stress along the Northern Frontiers of the ʿAbbasid Caliphate: The Caliphate of al-Muʿtaṣim A.D. 833-842/A.H. 218-227*](https://books.google.com/books?id=Ky2rl0xN2SQC&dq=Zutt+rebellions&pg=PA7). State University of New York Press. 1 July 2015. pp. 7–10. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-7914-9721-0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7914-9721-0).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-books.google.com_16-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-books.google.com_16-1) Mayaram, Shail (2003), [Against history, against state: counterperspectives from the margins](https://books.google.com/books?id=Yi6QpFCZBy8C&pg=PA19#v=onepage&q&f=false), Columbia University Press, p. 19, [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-231-12730-1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-231-12730-1)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-17)** Grewal, J. S. (1998), [The Sikhs of the Punjab](https://books.google.com/books?id=2_nryFANsoYC&pg=PA5#v=onepage&q&f=false), Cambridge University Press, p. 5, [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-521-63764-0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-63764-0), retrieved 12 November 2011 Quote: *"... the most numerous of the agricultural tribes (in the Punjab) were the Jats. They had come from Sindh and Rajasthan along the river valleys, moving up, displacing the Gujjars and the Rajputs to occupy culturable lands. (page 5)*"

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-India_before_Europe_18-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-India_before_Europe_18-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-India_before_Europe_18-2) Asher, Catherine Ella Blanshard; Talbot, Cynthia (2006). [India before Europe](https://books.google.com/books?id=ZvaGuaJIJgoC&pg=PA269#v=onepage&q&f=false). Cambridge University Press. p. 269. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-521-80904-7](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-80904-7).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Al-Hind2_19-0)** Wink, André (2002). [*Al-Hind, The Making of the Indo-Islamic World: Slave Kings and the Islamic Conquest, 11th-13th Centuries*](https://books.google.com/books?id=uQ7k2vQlYxEC&pg=PA241). Vol. 2. Boston: Brill. pp. 241–242. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-391-04174-5](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-391-04174-5). [OCLC](/source/OCLC_(identifier)) [48837811](https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/48837811).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-20)** Gandhi, Rajmohan (2015). [Punjab: A History from Aurangzeb to Mountbatten](https://books.google.com/books?id=tHDCvQEACAAJ). Rupa. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-93-83064-08-3](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-93-83064-08-3).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-21)** Elliot, Henry Miers (1959). [The History of India: As Told by Its Own Historians; the Muhammadan Period; the Posthumous Papers of H. M. Elliot, Volume 3](https://books.google.com/books?id=-knEHQUmBFgC&q=jats+musulm%C3%A1ns+only+in+name#v=snippet&q=jats%20musulm%C3%A1ns%20only%20in%20name&f=false). Susil Gupta (India) Private, 1959. pp. 428–429. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-108-05585-7](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-108-05585-7). *"...[Timur] learned that they were a robust race, and were called Jats. They were Musulmáns only in name and had not their equals in theft and robbery. They plundered caravans on the road, and were a terror to Musulmáns and travellers... these turbulent Jats were as numerous as ants or locusts... [Timur] marched into the jungles and wilds, and slew 2,000 demon-like Jats."*

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-:5_22-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-:5_22-1) Mirzā, Shafqat Tanvīr (1992). [*Resistance Themes in Punjabi Literature*](https://books.google.com/books?id=oLpjAAAAMAAJ&q=gondal+nadir+shah). Sang-e-Meel Publications. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-969-35-0101-8](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-969-35-0101-8).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-23)** Rose, Horace Arthur (1970). [*A Glossary of the Tribes and Castes of the Punjab and North-West Frontier Province*](https://books.google.com/books?id=QyctxAEACAAJ&q=every+time) (Reprint ed.). Languages Department, Punjab, 1970. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [9788175361522](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788175361522). *"Every time that [Babur] entered Hindustan, the Jats and Gujars regularly poured down in prodigious numbers from their hills and wilds in order to carry off oxen and buffaloes."*

1. **[^](#cite_ref-:4_24-0)** Sarvānī, ʻAbbās Khān (1974). [Tārīk̲h̲-i-Śēr Śāhī](https://books.google.com/books?id=UQYhAAAAMAAJ&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=fat%E1%B8%A5+kh%C4%81n+j%C4%81t). Translated by Brahmadeva Prasad Ambashthya. K. P. Jayaswal Research Institute, 1974. [Archived](https://archive.org/details/tarikh-i-sher-shahi-of-abbas-khan-sarwani-persian-to-english-k-p-jayaswal-resear/page/599/mode/2up?q=fath+khan+jat). Quote: *"[Suri] ordered Habibat Khan to be rid of Fath Khan Jat who was in QABūLA and who had once laid the entire country right upto Panipat to pillage and plunder in the time of the Mughals and had made them desolate, and had also brought Multan under his control after wresting it from the Balūcīs."*

1. **[^](#cite_ref-25)** Qanungo, kalikaranjan (1965). [*Sher Shah And His Times*](https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.142865/page/n275/mode/1up?q=Fath).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-26)** Durrani, Ashiq Muhammad Khān (1991). [*History of Multan: From the Early Period to 1849 A.D.*](https://books.google.com/books?id=mucqAAAAIAAJ&q=muhammad+bin+tughlaq+adopted+jat) Vanguard. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-969-402-045-7](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-969-402-045-7).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-27)** Asher, Catherine Ella Blanshard; Talbot, Cynthia (2006). [India before Europe](https://books.google.com/books?id=ZvaGuaJIJgoC&pg=PA269#v=onepage&q&f=false). Cambridge University Press. p. 269. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-521-80904-7](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-80904-7)

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Journal_of_Central_Asia_1992_p.84_28-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Journal_of_Central_Asia_1992_p.84_28-1) [*Journal of Central Asia*](https://books.google.com/books?id=ml5xAAAAMAAJ). Centre for the Study of the Civilizations of Central Asia, Quaid-i-Azam University. 1992. p. 84. Retrieved 30 July 2022. Sadullah Khan was the son of Amir Bakhsh, a cultivator of Chiniot. He belonged to a Jat family. He was born on Thursday, the 10th Safar 1000 A.H./1591 A.C.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-The_Maathir_Ul_Umara_Vol-ii_1952_29-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-The_Maathir_Ul_Umara_Vol-ii_1952_29-1) Beveridge H. (1952). [The Maathir Ul Umara Vol-ii (1952)](https://archive.org/details/dli.ernet.507589). The Calcutta Oriental Press Ltd. p. 647.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-30)** Khan, Ahmad Nabi (1977). [*Iqbal Manzil, Sialkot: An Introduction*](https://books.google.com/books?id=dfAJAQAAIAAJ&q=sialkot+aurangzeb). Department of Archaeology & Museums, Government of Pakistan.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-31)** [*The Pakistan Gazetteer*](https://books.google.com/books?id=pwAwAQAAIAAJ&q=rahmat+khan+bajwa). Cosmo Publications. 2000. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-81-7020-884-6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-7020-884-6).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-32)** [*Gazetteer of the Sialkot District, 1920*](https://books.google.com/books?id=MgUNAAAAIAAJ&q=rai+jani+malhi). Sang-e-Meel Publications. 1921.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-33)** Elliott Capt, A. c (1902). [*The Chronicles Of Gujrat*](https://archive.org/details/dli.ernet.503918/page/78/mode/2up). Deputy Controller, Printing and Stationery Department, Punjab.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Irvine_1971_p._118_34-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Irvine_1971_p._118_34-1) Irvine, W. (1971). [*Later Mughal*](https://books.google.com/books?id=ak5oFjTys8MC). Atlantic Publishers & Distri. p. 118. Retrieved 30 July 2022. Once Daud was sent against the village of Bankauli, in pargana Chaumahla, with which his employer was at feud. Along with the plunder taken on this occasion Daud obtained possession of a Jat boy seven or eight years of age, whom he caused to be circumcised and then adopted under the name of Ali Muhammad Khan.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-:3_35-0)** Ḥusain, M.; Pakistan Historical Society (1957). [*A History of the Freedom Movement: 1707-1831*](https://books.google.com/books?id=Mo-GvHjoH-cC). A History of the Freedom Movement: Being the Story of Muslim Struggle for the Freedom of Hind-Pakistan, 1707-1947. Pakistan Historical Society. p. 304. Retrieved 30 July 2022. Amongst other prisoners he obtained a young Jat boy of eight years. Daud took a fancy to him and adopted him as his son and named him ' Ali Muhammad Khan.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-:2_36-0)** [Gommans, Jos J. L.](/source/Jos_Gommans) (1995). [*The Rise of the Indo-Afghan Empire: C. 1710-1780*](https://books.google.com/books?id=-2TH8UYeAaoC&dq=most+of+the+contemporary+sources+call+him+a+jat+or+ahir&pg=PA120). BRILL. p. 120. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-90-04-10109-8](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-10109-8). Most of the contemporary sources, however, call him a Jat or an Ahir.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-:0_37-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-:0_37-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-:0_37-2) [Gupta, Hari Ram](/source/Hari_Ram_Gupta) (1999) [1980]. [History of the Sikhs](https://books.google.com/books?id=82wwAQAAIAAJ). Vol. III: Sikh Domination of the Mughal Empire (1764–1803) (2nd rev. ed.). [Munshiram Manoharlal](/source/Munshiram_Manoharlal). p. 11. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-81-215-0213-9](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-215-0213-9). [OCLC](/source/OCLC_(identifier)) [165428303](https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/165428303). "The real founder of the Rohilla power was Ali Muhammad, from whom sprang the present line of the Nawabs of Rampur. Originally a Hindu Jat, who was taken prisoner when a young boy by Daud in one of his plundering expeditions, at village Bankauli in the parganah of Chaumahla, and was converted to Islam and adopted by him."

1. **[^](#cite_ref-38)** Malik, Zahiruddin (1977). [*The Reign of Muhammad Shah, 1719-1748*](https://books.google.com/books?id=S8W3AAAAIAAJ). Asia Publishing House. p. 227. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [9780210405987](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780210405987).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-39)** M. A. Nayeem (2000). [*History of Modern Deccan, 1720/1724-1948: Political and administrative aspects*](https://books.google.com/books?id=IjJuAAAAMAAJ). Abul Kalam Azad Oriental Research Institute. p. 38.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-40)** Richard M. Eaton (1984). Metcalf, Barbara Daly (ed.). [Moral Conduct and Authority: The Place of Adab in South Asian Islam](https://books.google.com/books?id=Y5-vzVq8hdkC&q=pakpattan&pg=PA349#v=snippet&q=pakpattan&f=false). University of California Press. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-520-04660-3](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-520-04660-3).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-41)** Mirzā, Shafqat Tanvir (1992). [Resistance Themes in Punjabi Literature](https://books.google.com/books?id=oLpjAAAAMAAJ&q=Chattha&source=gbs_word_cloud_r&cad=3). Sang-e-Meel Publications - University of Michigan Library (digitized 9 May 2008) via Google Books website. pp. 56–62. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-969-35-0101-8](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-969-35-0101-8).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-42)** Omissi, David (8 April 2001). "[Military Planning and Wartime Recruitment (India)](https://encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net/article/military-planning-and-wartime-recruitment-india/)". *"The single most numerous "class" of Indian recruits in both world wars, however, was the Punjabi Muslims"*

1. **[^](#cite_ref-43)** Singh, R. S. N. (2008). The Military Factor in Pakistan. New Delhi; Frankfort, IL: Lancer Publishers. p. 178. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-9815378-9-4](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9815378-9-4)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-44)** Leigh, Maxwell Studdy (1922). [The Punjab and the War](https://books.google.com/books/about/The_Punjab_and_the_War.html?id=8RMgAAAAMAAJ). Superintendent, Government Printing, Punjab, 1922. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-969-35-0846-8](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-969-35-0846-8).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-:1_45-0)** Chopra, Gulshan Lall (1940). [*Chiefs and Families of Note in the Punjab*](https://books.google.com/books?id=EZifwYm8MT0C&q=habibullah+khan+mokal). Government Printing.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-46)** [Bayly, Susan](/source/Susan_Bayly) (2001). [*Caste, Society and Politics in India from the Eighteenth Century to the Modern Age*](https://books.google.com/books?id=HbAjKR_iHogC&q=Susan+Bayly+meo). Cambridge University Press. p. 139. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [9780521798426](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780521798426). For Ibbetson, then, both the Punjab and the northwest frontier regions were open societies where the difference between the 'Jat' and the 'Rajput' was not a matter of blood or ethnological fact... [but] a fluid representation of status as claimed by men of power.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-47)** Mayaram, Shail (2003), [*Against History, Against State: Counterperspectives from the Margins*](https://books.google.com/books?id=Yi6QpFCZBy8C&pg=PA33), Columbia University Press, p. 33, [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-231-12730-1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-231-12730-1), Indeed "Jat" had been a generic term for a peasant in the Punjab.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-48)** جَتُ (p. 649), ڄَٽُ (p. 683), in Nabī Bakhshu Khānu Balocu. *Jāmiʻ Sindhī lughāta*. Karācī: Ḥaidarābād Sindhu, Pākistān: Sindhī Adabī Borḍ, 1960–1988. Available online at the [Digital South Asia Library](https://dsal.uchicago.edu/dictionaries/baloch/).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-49)** Wink, André (2002). [*Al-Hind, the Making of the Indo-Islamic World: Early Medieval India and the Expansion of Islam 7Th-11th Centuries*](https://books.google.com/books?id=g2m7_R5P2oAC&dq=zutt&pg=PA160). BRILL. p. 142. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-391-04173-8](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-391-04173-8). At the time of (and before) the Arab conquest, Makrān or Kīj-Makrān held a substantial population of *[Zutt](/source/Zutt)* or 'Jat' [dromedary](/source/Dromedary)-men.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-50)** Hanks, Patrick; Coates, Richard; McClure, Peter (17 November 2016). [*The Oxford Dictionary of Family Names in Britain and Ireland*](https://books.google.com/books?id=0AyDDQAAQBAJ&dq=Dhaliwal&pg=PA2331). Oxford University Press. p. 2331. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-19-252747-9](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-252747-9). Sandhu or Sindhu: The Sindhus are the second largest Jat tribe in the Panjab

1. **[^](#cite_ref-51)** Jones, Philip E. (2003). [*The Pakistan People's Party: Rise to Power*](https://books.google.com/books?id=xliNAAAAMAAJ). Oxford University Press. p. 329. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-19-579966-8](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-579966-8). In the main, this area is dominated by strong, local Jat clans (...Chattha, Cheema, Tarar, Gondal and Waraich) that, in the past near-century, ...

1. **[^](#cite_ref-52)** “Census of India 1921. Vol. 15, Punjab and Delhi. Pt. 1, Report.” *Census Reports - 1921*, 1923., 1923. [JSTOR](https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25430164). Accessed 7 Nov. 2025. Page 345.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-53)** “Census of India 1931. Vol. 17, Punjab. Pt. 2, Tables.” *Census Reports - 1931*, 1933., 1933. [JSTOR](https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25793242). Accessed 7 Nov. 2024. Page 290.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-54)** Gilmartin, David (1994). "Biraderi and Bureaucracy: The Politics of Muslim Kinship Solidarity in 20th Century Punjab," *International Journal of Punjab Studies* 1, no. 1.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-55)** ["How clan politics grew in Bradford"](https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-leeds-31600344). 27 February 2015 – via www.bbc.co.uk.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-56)** Christophe Jaffrelot, ed. (2004). *A history of Pakistan and its origins*. London: Anthem Press. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [1-84331-149-6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84331-149-6). [OCLC](/source/OCLC_(identifier)) [56646546](https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/56646546).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-57)** Schimmel, Annemarie (2004). [*The Empire of the Great Mughals: History, Art and Culture*](https://books.google.com/books?id=YCJrUfVtZxoC&pg=PA125). Reaktion Books. p. 125. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-81-250-1453-9](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-250-1453-9).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-58)** Mohan Singh Diwana. [*History of Punjabi Literature - Mohan Singh Diwana*](http://archive.org/details/a-history-of-punjabi-literature). p. 48.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Wœrkens_2002_p._25_59-0)** Wœrkens, Martine van (2002). [The Strangled Traveler: Colonial Imaginings and the Thugs of India](https://books.google.com/books?id=5HPc_EgwUg8C&dq=chitu+khan+british&pg=PA25#v=onepage&q=chitu%20khan%20british&f=false). University of Chicago Press. p. 25. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-226-85085-6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-226-85085-6).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-60)** Shafqat Tanveer Mirza (1991). [*Resistance Themes In Punjabi Literature*](https://archive.org/details/resistance-themes-in-punjabi-literature/page/53/mode/1up?q=Chattha).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-61)** Yasmin, Robina (2022-01-13). [Muslims under Sikh Rule in the Nineteenth Century: Maharaja Ranjit Singh and Religious Tolerance](https://books.google.co.in/books?id=a75XEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA40&dq=Chattha+rule&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&ovdme=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjSg_-P9ZGNAxWfWGwGHcWlHYEQ6AF6BAgIEAM#v=onepage&q=Chattha%20rule&f=false). Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7556-4034-8.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-62)** Tahir, M. Athar (1988). [*Qadir Yar: A Critical Introduction*](https://books.google.com/books?id=pmYyAAAAIAAJ). Pakistan Punjabi Adabi Board. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-969-411-107-0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-969-411-107-0).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-63)** Singh, Nagendra Kr (2001). [*Encyclopaedia of Muslim Biography: I-M*](https://books.google.com/books?id=qVtuAAAAMAAJ). A.P.H. Publishing Corporation. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-81-7648-233-2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-7648-233-2).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-64)** Griffin, Lepel Henry (1865). [The Panjab Chiefs: Historical and Biographical Notices of the Principal Families in the Territories Under the Panjab Government](https://books.google.com/books?id=Q0ABAAAAQAAJ&q=nakka+misl&pg=PA118#v=snippet&q=nakka%20misl&f=false). T.C. McCarthy.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-65)** Matinuddin, Kamal (1999) The Taliban Phenomenon: Afghanistan 1994-1997, p 63. Oxford University Press US, [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-19-579274-4](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-579274-4)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-66)** Carlotta Gall (3 March 2010). ["Former Pakistani Officer Embodies a Policy Puzzle"](https://www.nytimes.com/2010/03/04/world/asia/04imam.html). The New York Times.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-67)** Ahmed, Ashfaq (29 November 2016). ["Pakistan: General Qamar Javed Bajwa takes charge at a critical time"](https://gulfnews.com/world/asia/pakistan/pakistan-general-qamar-javed-bajwa-takes-charge-at-a-critical-time-1.1937554). *Gulf News*.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-rediff/21nov23_68-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-rediff/21nov23_68-1) BANERJI, RANA (21 November 2023). ["Shenanigans Surface In Pakistan Military"](https://www.rediff.com/news/column/shenanigans-surface-in-pakistan-military/20231121.htm). *Rediff*. Retrieved 22 February 2024. [Air Chief Zaheer Sidhu] hailed from Chakwal and was a 'Jutt' (Jat), the same [biradari](/source/Biradri) (clan) as General Bajwa

1. **[^](#cite_ref-69)** Siddiqui, Naveed (17 March 2021). ["Air Marshal Zaheer Ahmad Babar named new PAF chief"](https://www.dawn.com/news/1613049). *DAWN.COM*.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-70)** ["Record number of newcomers enter NA"](https://tribune.com.pk/story/2456577/record-number-of-newcomers-enter-na). *The Express Tribune*. 15 February 2024. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240226072236/https://tribune.com.pk/story/2456577/record-number-of-newcomers-enter-na) from the original on 26 February 2024.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-71)** Butt, Waseem Ashraf (7 February 2024). ["PPP trying hard to secure NA-65 for Kaira"](https://www.dawn.com/news/1811736). *DAWN.COM*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240223200813/https://www.dawn.com/news/1811736) from the original on 23 February 2024.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-72)** Jones, Philip E. (2003). *The Pakistan People's Party: rise to power*. Karachi: Oxford University Press. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-19-579966-8](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-579966-8).

v t e Clans of the Jat people Atwal Aulakh Bajwa Bargoti Bhalothia Buttar Bhangu Battar Bhatti Bhutta Chattha Cheema Chhina Chilka Chauhan Chopra Dabas Dahiya Dara Dhaulya Dhillon Dhindsa Ghumman Gill Gondal Grewal Guhila Hans Janjua Jaswal Jewlia Jhajharia Jhanjhar Johal Kahlon Kakas Kalwania Kasaniya Katewa Khangura Kharal Khatkar Khatra Khaira Khakh Khokhar Langrial Langah Lali Maan Makhdoom Malhi Malik Minhas Mirdha Noon Nijjar-Gill lineage Parmar Panwar Pannu Randhawa Ranjha Sahi Sahota Sahu Sandhawalia Sandhu Sagoo Sehdev Shokeen Sheoran Sial Sidhu Sipra Sohal Solanki Sunda Tarar Tiwana Tomar Uppal Virk Warraich Wyne

v t e Ethnic groups, social groups and tribes of the Punjabis Agrawal Bansal Arains Rayeen Mian Mehr Kardar Ramay Bhutto Ahirs Yaduvanshi Ahirs Ahirs Ghosi Hindu Ghosi Aharwar Ranghar Scheduled Castes Ad-Dharmi Balmiki Bazigar Chamar Khatik Mazhabi Sikh Mochi Mirasi Nat Ramdasia Sikh Ravidassia Gakhars Kayani Gurjars Bhati Baisla Khatana Jats Aulakh Bajwa Bhutta Buttar Chaudhary Cheema Chohan Dhankhar Deol Gill Grewal Jaswal Kahlon Kharal Khokhar Maan Malhi Noon Ranjha Randhawa Sahota Sahu Sandhu Sekhon Sial Sidhu Sipra Sodhi Sohal Uppal Virk Warraich Wyne Labana Labana Khatris Anand Bhambri Bhandari Bhasin Bindra Chadha Chopra Dhawan Duggal Gambhir Ghai Gujral Kakkar Kandhari Kapur Khanna Khattar Khetarpal Khosla Khukhrain Khullar Madan Madhok Mahendru Makan Malhotra Mehra Mehrotra Nagpal Nanda Narula Nayyar Nijhawan Oberoi Puri Roshan Sabharwal Sahni Sehgal Seth Sethi Sodhi Talwar Tandon Thapar Trehan Vadera Vadra Vohra Mohyal Brahmin Bali Bhimwal Chhibber Datt Lau Mohan Vaid Rajputs Jarral Mair Rajput Bhatti Janjua Rathore Chauhan (Khandowya) Minhas Jaswal Jamwal Rana Raja Wattoo Tarkhans Panesar Sohal Others Arora Bagga Bakarwal Bania Dogar Kamboj Kumhar Saini Sansi Sayyid Shaikh

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Jat Muslim](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jat_Muslim) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jat_Muslim?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.