# James Michael Harvey

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American Catholic cardinal (born 1949)

His Eminence James Michael Harvey Archpriest of the Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls Cardinal-Priest of San Pio V a Villa Carpegna Harvey in 2013 Church Catholic Church Latin Church See Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls Appointed November 23, 2012 Predecessor Francesco Monterisi Previous posts Prefect of the Prefecture of the Papal Household (1998‍–‍2012) Titular Archbishop of Memphis (2003‍–‍2012) Titular Bishop of Memphis (1998‍–‍2003) Orders Ordination June 29, 1975 by Pope Paul VI Consecration March 19, 1998 by Pope John Paul II Created cardinal November 24, 2012 by Pope Benedict XVI Rank Cardinal-Deacon (2012–2024) Cardinal-Priest (2024–) Personal details Born (1949-10-20) October 20, 1949 (age 76) Milwaukee, Wisconsin, US Education North American College Pontifical Ecclesiastical Academy Motto Zelus Domus Tuæ (Latin for 'Zeal for the Lord’s house') Signature

Styles of James Michael Harvey Reference style His Eminence Spoken style Your Eminence Religious style Cardinal Informal style Cardinal

**James Michael Harvey** (born October 20, 1949) is an [American Catholic](/source/Catholic_Church_in_the_United_States) prelate currently serving as the [Archpriest](/source/Archpriest) of the [Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls](/source/Basilica_of_Saint_Paul_Outside_the_Walls). He served from 1982 to 1998 in the central administration of the [Secretariat of State](/source/Secretariat_of_State_(Holy_See)) at the Vatican. From 1998 to 2012, Harvey managed the [pope's household](/source/Papal_household), first for [Pope John Paul II](/source/Pope_John_Paul_II) and then for [Pope Benedict XVI](/source/Pope_Benedict_XVI). He was named bishop in 1998, archbishop in 2003, and [cardinal](/source/Cardinal_(Catholic_Church)) in 2012.

## Biography

### Early years and priesthood

Harvey was born in [Milwaukee](/source/Milwaukee), Wisconsin, on October 20, 1949. He [was ordained](/source/1975_Jubilee_ordination) to the [priesthood](/source/Priesthood_(Catholic_Church)) for the [Archdiocese of Milwaukee](/source/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Milwaukee) on June 29, 1975, by [Pope Paul VI](/source/Pope_Paul_VI) in Rome.[1] Harvey studied at [St. Francis Seminary](/source/St._Francis_Seminary_(Wisconsin)) in St. Francis, Wisconsin. He then resided at the [Pontifical North American College](/source/Pontifical_North_American_College) while studying for a [Doctor of Canon Law](/source/Doctor_of_Canon_Law_(Catholic_Church)) degree at the [Pontifical Gregorian University](/source/Pontifical_Gregorian_University). He also studied diplomacy at the [Pontifical Ecclesiastical Academy](/source/Pontifical_Ecclesiastical_Academy) in Rome.

Harvey entered the [Vatican diplomatic service](/source/Foreign_relations_of_the_Holy_See) on March 25, 1980. He served as [attaché](/source/Attach%C3%A9) and then secretary in the apostolic nunciature in the [Dominican Republic](/source/Dominican_Republic) for two years. On July 10, 1982, Harvey took a position in the Section for Relations with States of the [Secretariat of State](/source/Secretariat_of_State_(Holy_See)) of the Holy See. He was named assessor for general affairs of that secretariat on July 22, 1997.[2]

### Prefect of the papal households and archbishop

On February 7, 1998, Harvey was named [prefect of the papal household](/source/Prefecture_of_the_Pontifical_Household) by [Pope John Paul II](/source/Pope_John_Paul_II), who consecrated him a [bishop](/source/Bishop) of the [titular see](/source/Titular_see) of [Memphis](/source/Memphis%2C_Egypt) on March 19, 1998. As prefect, he oversaw the restoration of the papal audience hall and the papal apartments at [Castel Gandolfo](/source/Castel_Gandolfo) in Lazio, Italy.[1] The pope elevated him to [archbishop](/source/Archbishop) on September 29, 2003.[3] Later, in 2012, a member of Harvey's staff was convicted of stealing documents and leaking them to the media.[4]

### Archpriest and cardinal

[Pope Benedict XVI](/source/Pope_Benedict_XVI) appointed Harvey as [archpriest](/source/Archpriest) of [St Paul Outside the Walls](/source/Basilica_of_St._Paul_Outside_the_Walls), one of the four major basilicas in Rome, on November 23, 2012. The next day, the pope appointed him [cardinal-deacon](/source/Cardinal-Deacon) of [San Pio V a Villa Carpegna](/source/San_Pio_V_a_Villa_Carpegna) in Rome.[2] On December 22, 2012, Harvey was appointed a member of the [Congregation for the Causes of Saints](/source/Congregation_for_the_Causes_of_Saints) for a five-year renewable term. On January 31, 2013, Harvey was appointed a member of the [Administration of the Patrimony of the Apostolic See](/source/Administration_of_the_Patrimony_of_the_Apostolic_See) and the [Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples](/source/Congregation_for_the_Evangelization_of_Peoples).[5] Harvey was one of the [cardinal electors](/source/Cardinal_electors_in_Papal_conclave%2C_2013) who participated in the [2013 papal conclave](/source/Papal_conclave%2C_2013) that elected [Pope Francis](/source/Pope_Francis).[6]

Harvey was awarded the title Knight Grand Cross of the [Order of Merit of the Italian Republic](/source/Order_of_Merit_of_the_Italian_Republic) by the President of the Italy in 1999.[7] He has also been titled Knight Grand Cross of the [Order of Isabella the Catholic](/source/Order_of_Isabella_the_Catholic).[1]

Pope Francis named Harvey a member of the [Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatura](/source/Apostolic_Signatura) on June 21, 2021.[8]

From 4 March 2022 to 1 July 2024, Harvey was—among the cardinal electors—the highest ranking [cardinal deacon](/source/Cardinal_deacon). He was thus, as [protodeacon](/source/Cardinal_(Catholic_Church)#Cardinal_protodeacon), responsible for announcing the election of a new pope.[9] He was elevated to the order of cardinal priests, and thus ceased to be protodeacon, on 1 July 2024.[10] He again participated as a [cardinal elector](/source/Cardinal_electors_in_the_2025_papal_conclave) in the [2025 papal conclave](/source/2025_papal_conclave) that elected [Pope Leo XIV](/source/Pope_Leo_XIV).[11]

Besides his native English, he speaks Italian, German, French, and Spanish.

### McCarrick scandal

According to a 2018 [*Washington Post*](/source/The_Washington_Post) report, Harvey was one of many Catholic prelates who received large cash gifts from former cardinal [Theodore McCarrick](/source/Theodore_Edgar_McCarrick). In a 2019 interview, Harvey said that receiving money from other prelates was in no way out of the ordinary, adding that "it never occurred to me that this would be in some way improper" and that "it wasn't about currying favor".[12]

## References

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-interesa_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-interesa_1-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-interesa_1-2) ["Cardenal James Michael Harvey: de Milwaukee a organizar la Casa Pontificia"](http://www.teinteresa.es/religion/Cardenal-Michael-Harvey-Milwaukee-Pontificia_0_869313307.html). *Teinteresa* (in Spanish). February 20, 2013. Retrieved July 8, 2018.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-vatbio_2-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-vatbio_2-1) ["Harvey Card. James Michael"](https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_harvey_jm.html). [Holy See Press Office](/source/Holy_See_Press_Office). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20170904104648/https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_harvey_jm.html) from the original on September 4, 2017. Retrieved October 25, 2017.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** ["Pope Honors 3 Aides With Title of Archbishop"](https://zenit.org/articles/pope-honors-3-aides-with-title-of-archbishop/). *Zenit*. September 29, 2003. Retrieved July 8, 2018.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** Pullella, Philip (October 24, 2012). ["Pope names six cardinals to put stamp on Church future"](https://www.reuters.com/article/us-pope-cardinals/pope-names-six-cardinals-to-put-stamp-on-church-future-idUSBRE89N0JS20121024?feedType=RSS). *Reuters*. Retrieved July 8, 2018.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** ["Rinunce e Nomine, 31.01.2013"](http://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/it/bollettino/pubblico/2013/01/31/0062/00169.html) (Press release) (in Italian). Holy See Press Office. January 31, 2013. Retrieved April 3, 2019.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** ["List of Cardinal Electors"](https://zenit.org/articles/list-of-cardinal-electors/). *Zenit*. March 12, 2013. Retrieved July 8, 2018.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** ["Harvey S.E. Mons. James M."](http://www.quirinale.it/elementi/DettaglioOnorificenze.aspx?decorato=12029) *Presidenza della Repubblica* (in Italian). January 19, 1999. Retrieved July 8, 2018.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** ["Cardinal Tobin appointed member of Vatican's highest court"](https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/248076/cardinal-tobin-appointed-member-of-vaticans-highest-court). *Catholic News Agency*. Retrieved April 8, 2022.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-9)** ["In case of conclave, American cardinal will say the 'Habemus Papam'"](https://aleteia.org/2022/03/04/in-case-of-conclave-american-cardinal-will-say-the-habemus-papam/). *Alateia*. March 4, 2022. Retrieved April 8, 2022.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-10)** ["Concistoro Ordinario Pubblico per il voto su alcune Cause di Canonizzazione, 01.07.2024"](https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/it/bollettino/pubblico/2024/07/01/0546/01132.html) (Press release) (in Italian). Holy See Press Office. July 1, 2024. Retrieved July 1, 2024.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-11)** ["Cardinal Electors"](https://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/scardc3.html). Catholic-Hierarchy.org. May 6, 2025. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20250506193115/https://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/scardc3.html) from the original on May 6, 2025. Retrieved May 6, 2025.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-12)** Boburg, Shawn; O'Harrow Junior, Robert; Harlan, Chico (December 27, 2019). ["Ousted cardinal McCarrick gave more than $600,000 to fellow clerics, including two popes, records show"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/investigations/disgraced-former-cardinal-mccarrick-gave-more-than-600000-in-church-funds-to-powerful-clerics-records-show/2019/12/26/ac2b99ba-1c3a-11ea-9ddd-3e0321c180e7_story.html). *[The Washington Post](/source/The_Washington_Post)*. Retrieved July 29, 2020.

## External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to [James Michael Harvey](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:James_Michael_Harvey).

Wikiquote has quotations related to ***[James Michael Harvey](https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/James_Michael_Harvey)***.

- ["Harvey Card. James Michael"](https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_harvey_jm.html). [Holy See Press Office](/source/Holy_See_Press_Office). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20170904104648/https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_harvey_jm.html) from the original on September 4, 2017. Retrieved October 25, 2017.

- [James Michael *Cardinal* Harvey](https://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bharveyjm.html) profile at [Catholic-Hierarchy.org](/source/Catholic-Hierarchy.org)

Catholic Church titles Preceded by Leonardo Sandri Assessor for General Affairs July 22, 1997 – February 7, 1998 Succeeded by Pedro Lopez Quintana Preceded by Dino Monduzzi Prefect of the Prefecture of the Papal Household February 7, 1998 – November 23, 2012 Succeeded by Georg Gänswein Preceded by Francesco Monterisi Archpriest of the Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls November 23, 2012 – present Incumbent

v t e Cardinals created by Benedict XVI 2006 Levada Rode Vallini Urosa Savino Rosales Ricard Cañizares Llovera Cheong O'Malley Dziwisz Caffarra Zen Montezemolo Porekuu Vanhoye 2007 Sandri Foley Lajolo Cordes Comastri Ryłko Farina García-Gasco Vicente Brady Martínez i Sistach Vingt-Trois Bagnasco Sarr Gracias Robles Ortega DiNardo Scherer Njue Delly Coppa Karlic Navarrete Cortés Betti 2010 Amato Naguib Sarah Monterisi Baldelli Burke Koch Sardi Piacenza de Paolis Ravasi Mazombwe Vela Chiriboga Monsengwo Pasinya Romeo Wuerl Damasceno Assis Nycz Ranjith Marx Estepa Llaurens Sgreccia Brandmüller Bartolucci 2012 II Filoni Monteiro de Castro Abril y Castelló Vegliò Bertello Coccopalmerio Braz de Aviz O'Brien Calcagno Versaldi Alencherry Collins Duka Eijk Betori Dolan Woelki Tong Hon Mureșan Ries Grech Becker XI Harvey al-Rahi Cleemis Onaiyekan Salazar Gómez Tagle Catholic Church portal

v t e College of Cardinals List of current cardinals Cardinals of the Catholic Church under Pope Leo XIV in order of precedence Cardinal bishops Re Sandri Arinze Bertone Martins Parolin Ouellet Filoni Stella Tagle Raï Sako Cardinal priests Kitbunchu Poupard Wetter López Rodríguez Mahony Darmaatmadja Wamala Maida Puljić Sandoval Stafford De Giorgi Rouco Schönborn Rivera Pujats Sepe Kasper Bačkis Errázuriz Napier Rodríguez Cipriani Herranz Scola Okogie Zubeir Wako Rigali Antonelli Turkson Bozanić Barbarin Erdő Rodé Vallini Rosales Ricard Cañizares O'Malley Dziwisz Zen Lajolo Comastri Ryłko Farina Brady Martínez Sistach Bagnasco Sarr Gracias Robles DiNardo Scherer Njue Sarah Monterisi Burke Koch Piacenza Ravasi Romeo Wuerl Assis Nycz Ranjith Marx Brandmüller de Castro Abril Vegliò Bertello Coccopalmerio Aviz O'Brien Calcagno Versaldi Alencherry Collins Eijk Betori Dolan Woelki Tong Harvey Thottunkal Onaiyekan Salazar Baldisseri Müller Nichols Brenes Lacroix Kutwa Tempesta Bassetti Poli Yeom Ezzati Ouédraogo Quevedo Langlois Clemente Souraphiel Dew Nguyễn Suárez Bo Kovithavanij Montenegro Sturla Blázquez Lacunza Gomes Furtado Mafi Villalba Langa Nzapalainga Osoro Rocha Cupich D'Rozario Porras De Kesel Piat Aguiar Retes Ribat Tobin Zerbo Omella Arborelius Mangkhanekhoun Rosa De Donatis Coutts Marto Barreto Tsarahazana Petrocchi Maeda Ticona Suharyo Hardjoatmodjo García Ambongo Besungu Hollerich Ramazzini Zuppi López Romero Tamkevičius Kambanda Gregory Advincula Aós Lojudice Arizmendi Aveline Okpaleke Steiner Ferrão McElroy do Carmo da Silva Cantoni Poola Costa Goh Martínez Flores Marengo Jiménez Miglio Pizzaballa Brislin Rossi Rueda Ryś Mulla Cobo Rugambwa Francis Chow Bustillo Alves Aguiar Padrón Castillo Bokalic Cabrera Chomalí Kikuchi David Nemet Spengler Bessi Dogbo Vesco Mathieu Repole Reina Leo Bychok Battaglia Cardinal deacons Mamberti Zenari Farrell Simoni Ladaria Becciu Krajewski Bocos Mendonça Czerny Fitzgerald Grech Semeraro Gambetti Tomasi Cantalamessa Feroci Roche You Vérgez Ghirlanda Frezza Gugerotti Fernández Pierre Fernández Artime Marchetto Acerbi Makrickas Radcliffe Baggio Koovakad Cardinals ineligible to participate in a papal conclave in italics See also: Titular Titular church List of titular churches List of creations of cardinals Category Media Catholic Church portal

v t e Current Catholic cardinals of the United States Pope Pope Leo XIV Diocesan bishop Blase Joseph Cupich (Chicago) Robert W. McElroy (Washington) Joseph William Tobin (Newark) Roman Curia and related Kevin Joseph Farrell James Michael Harvey Retired Raymond Leo Burke Daniel Nicholas DiNardo Timothy Michael Dolan Wilton Daniel Gregory Roger Michael Mahony Adam Joseph Maida Edwin Frederick O'Brien Seán Patrick O'Malley Justin Francis Rigali James Francis Stafford Donald William Wuerl Note: Cardinals ineligible to participate in a papal conclave are indicated with italics. Titular churches Sant'Agata de' Goti (Burke) San Bartolomeo all'Isola (Cupich) Sant'Eusebio (DiNardo) San Giuliano Martire (Farrell) Immacolata Concezione di Maria a Grottarossa (Gregory) San Frumenzio ai Prati Fiscali (McElroy) Santa Maria della Vittoria (O'Malley) Santa Maria delle Grazie a Via Trionfale (Tobin) Nostra Signora di Guadalupe a Monte Mario (Dolan) San Pietro in Montorio (Stafford) San Pietro in Vincoli (Wuerl) San Pio V a Villa Carpegna (Harvey) Santa Prisca (Rigali) Santi Quattro Coronati (Mahony) San Sebastiano al Palatino (O'Brien) Santi Vitale, Valeria, Gervasio e Protasio (Maida)

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