# Jam Tughlaq

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Sultan of Sindh 1428-1453

Jam Tughlaq ڄام تغلق Jam (Sindhi: ڄام) Shah (Sindhi: شاهه) Sultan of Sindh (Sindhi: سنڌ جو سُلطان) 12th Sultan of Sindh Reign Hereditary monarchy 1428 – January 1453 Predecessor Jam Fateh Khan Successor Jam Sikandar II Jam Mubarak (As usurper) Born Juna bin Sikandar Died January 1453 (1453-02) Samui (Near Samanagar, Sindh) Burial Malik Kot (near Qutubpur, South of Ahmedabad, Gujarat) Issue Jam Khairuddin Jam Salahuddin Bibi Murki Bibi Mughli House House of Juna Dynasty Samma Dynasty Father Jam Sikandar I Religion Sunni Islam

**Tughlaq Shah** ([Sindhi](/source/Sindhi_language): تغلق شاهه) also known as **Jam Juna II** ([Sindhi](/source/Sindhi_language): ڄام جوڻو ثاني) was the twelfth [Sultan](/source/Sultan) of [Sindh](/source/Sindh) belonging to the [Samma dynasty](/source/Samma_dynasty), ruling from 1428 to 1453.

## Life

Jam Tughlaq's personal name was Juna bin Sikandar.[1] He was the son of Jam Sikandar I and the younger brother of Jam Fateh Khan.[2] He had two daughters, Bibi Murki and Bibi Mughli, and two sons, Jam Khairuddin and Jam Salahuddin.[3] He was very fond of hunting. He died in January 1453 and was buried at Malik Kot, also known as Malik Goth, a fort he built for his daughters on the [Sabarmati River](/source/Sabarmati_River) near Qutubpur, south of [Ahmedabad](/source/Ahmedabad) in [Gujarat](/source/Gujarat).[3][4]

## Reign

Jam Tughlaq was crowned in 1428 by his brother Jam Fateh Khan three days before the latter’s death. He was an able administrator. According to Masumi, he appointed his brothers Jam Ferozuddin and another unnamed brother as the [Hakims](/source/Hakim_(title)) of [Sehwan](/source/Sehwan) and [Bukkur](/source/Bukkur) [Sarkars](/source/Sarkar_(administrative_division)).[5][6] During his reign, Baloch tribes reportedly raided Bukkur; Jam Tughlaq marched against them, suppressed the disturbance, and established outposts in each [pargana](/source/Pargana) to prevent further incursions.[7][6]

With the decline of the [Delhi Sultanate](/source/Delhi_Sultanate)’s influence, Jam Tughlaq strengthened relations with the [Muzaffarid](/source/Muzaffarids_(Gujarat)) rulers of the Gujarat Sultanate through marriage alliances.[1] In 1442 he sent two daughters, Bibi Murki and Bibi Mughli, to Gujarat accompanied by Maulana Muhammad Sadiq and two princes, Jam Salahuddin and Jam Khairuddin.[6][8] Bibi Murki was originally intended to marry [Muhammad Shah II](/source/Muhammad_Shah_II), while Bibi Mughli was intended for the Sufi figure [Shah e Alam](/source/Shah_e_Alam). However Maulana Sadiq altered the arrangements, and Bibi Mughli married the Sultan, while Bibi Murki married Shah Alam, the great grandson of [Makhdoom Jahaniya](/source/Jalaluddin_Surkh-Posh_Bukhari).[8][9]

Jam Tughlaq also began the renovation of the [Kalan Kot](/source/Kalan_Kot) fort, later known as Tughlaqabad. The work was not completed during his reign and was finished by later Samma rulers. The fort continued to be used in subsequent periods, including under Mughal administration.[6]

Kalan Kot (Tughlaqabad) Fort

Jam Tughlaq was succeeded by his nephew [Jam Sikandar II](/source/Jam_Sikandar_II).

## References

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELakho200652_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELakho200652_1-1) [Lakho 2006](#CITEREFLakho2006), p. 52.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPanhwar1983345_2-0)** [Panhwar 1983](#CITEREFPanhwar1983), p. 345.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPanhwar1983351_3-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPanhwar1983351_3-1) [Panhwar 1983](#CITEREFPanhwar1983), p. 351.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELari199475_4-0)** [Lari 1994](#CITEREFLari1994), p. 75.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELari199474_5-0)** [Lari 1994](#CITEREFLari1994), p. 74.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPanhwar1983346_6-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPanhwar1983346_6-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPanhwar1983346_6-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPanhwar1983346_6-3) [Panhwar 1983](#CITEREFPanhwar1983), p. 346.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDames190440_7-0)** [Dames 1904](#CITEREFDames1904), p. 40.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPanhwar1983348_8-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPanhwar1983348_8-1) [Panhwar 1983](#CITEREFPanhwar1983), p. 348.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELakho200683_9-0)** [Lakho 2006](#CITEREFLakho2006), p. 83.

### Bibliography

- Dames, Mansel Longworth (1904), [*The Baloch Race: A Historical and Ethnological Sketch*](https://www.google.com.pk/books/edition/The_Baloch_Race/b4RCAAAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0), Royal Asiatic Society

- Panhwar, M. H. (August 1983), [*Chronological Dictionary of Sindh (From Geological Times to 1539)*](https://archive.org/details/ChronologicalDictionaryOfSindh/page/n1/mode/2up) (1 ed.), Karachi: Educational Press: Institute of Sindhology, University of Sind, Jamshoro

- Lakho, G. M. (2006), [*The Samma Kingdom of Sindh*](https://books.google.com/books?id=g_dtAAAAMAAJ&q=samma%20kingdom%20of%20sindh), University of Jamshoro, [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [9789694050782](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789694050782)

- Lari, Suhail Zaheer (1994), [*A History of Sindh*](https://www.google.com.pk/books/edition/A_History_of_Sindh/LfFtAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0&bsq=history%20of%20Sindh%20Suhail%20Zaheer%20Lari), Oxford University Press, [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [9780195775013](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780195775013)

Jam Tughlaq Samma dynasty (House of Juna) Regnal titles Preceded by Jam Fateh Khan Sultan of Sindh Tughlaq Shah 1428-1453 Succeeded by Jam Mubarak

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