# Jacob Bicker

> Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Jacob_Bicker
> Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Jacob_Bicker.md
> Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacob_Bicker
> Source revision: 1322720129
> License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)

{{Short description|Dutch patrician and merchant (1588-1646)}}
thumb|160px|Engelenburg in 1732

'''Jacob Bicker''' ([Amsterdam](/source/Amsterdam) 1588–July 1646) was a Dutch [patrician](/source/Patrician_(post-Roman_Europe)) and merchant. He was a director of the ''Oostzeevaart'', handling grain trade with [Riga](/source/Riga),<ref name="books.google.com">[https://books.google.com/books?id=iCUGEAAAQBAJ&q=Jacob+Bicker+oostzeevaart De 500 Rijksten van de Republiek: Rijkdom, geloof, macht en cultuur, by Kees Zandvliet, p 29]</ref> since 1618 and a manager of the [Dutch East India Company](/source/Dutch_East_India_Company) and between 1641-1646 manager of the [Wisselbank](/source/Wisselbank).<ref>https://www.dbnl.org/tekst/vond001twee01_01/vond001twee01_01_0007.php</ref><ref>https://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/besluitenstatengeneraal1576-1630/BesluitenStaten-generaal1626-1651/silva/sg/functies/467593</ref>

==Life==

Jacob Bicker was a son of [Gerrit Bicker](/source/Gerrit_Bicker) and Aleyd Andriesdr [Boelens Loen](/source/Boelens_Loen).<ref name="Elias">[Johan Engelbert Elias](/source/Johan_Engelbert_Elias), [http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/elias/#page=363&accessor=accessor_index&source=1&accessor_href=accessor_index%2Findex_html%3FSearchSource%253Autf-8%253Austring%3DDe%2520Graeff%2520&size=605&view=imagePane De Vroedschap van Amsterdam, 1578-1795, Deel 1, p 175]</ref> Jacob's oldest brother [Andries Bicker](/source/Andries_Bicker) ruled the city administration for a long time and was mainly supported and carried by him and their other two brothers [Cornelis](/source/Cornelis_Bicker) and [Jan Bicker](/source/Jan_Bicker), his uncle Jacob Dircksz de Graeff and his cousin [Cornelis de Graeff](/source/Cornelis_de_Graeff).<ref name="Adams" /> The Bicker brothers had a firm grip on world trade, trading on the East, the West, the North and the Mediterranean. 

Jacob Bicker married his cousin Christina de Graeff (1609–1679), daughter of [Jacob Dircksz de Graeff](/source/Jacob_Dircksz_de_Graeff) and of Aaltje Boelens Loen.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=CpMSAAAAYAAJ&q=Jacob+Bicker+Engelenburg De Nederlandsche leeuw: Maandblad van het Koninklijk ..., Bände 1895-1900, "Genealogie van het geslacht de Graeff", p 134]</ref> The couple seem to have lived at [Fluwelenburgwal](/source/Oudezijds_Voorburgwal) and had no children; in 1648 she married Pieter Trip. She was one of the richest people of the [Dutch Golden Age](/source/Dutch_Golden_Age).<ref>https://goudeneeuwremake.wordpress.com/250-rijksten/</ref>

===Career===
Jacob Bicker was estimated to have a fortune of 220,000 [guilder](/source/guilder)s in 1631.<ref name="books.google.com"/> In 1643 Jacob Bicker inherited the castle and estate of Engelenburg near [Herwijnen](/source/Herwijnen) from his relative [Pieter Dircksz Graeff](/source/Pieter_Dircksz_Graeff).<ref name="Bo_dCgAAQBAJ p 75">[https://books.google.com/books?id=Bo_dCgAAQBAJ&q=Jacob+Bicker+Engelenburg Buitenplaatsen in de Gouden Eeuw: De rijkdom van het buitenleven in de Republik. By Y. Kuiper, Ben Olde Meierink, Elyze Storms-Smeets, p 75]</ref> In the 1640s Jacob Bicker belonged to the ''[Bickerse ligue](/source/Bickerse_ligue)'', which opposed [Stadholder](/source/Stadtholder) [Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange](/source/Frederick_Henry%2C_Prince_of_Orange).<ref>Amsterdam historisch: een stadsgeschiedenis aan de hand van de collectie van het Amsterdams Historisch Museum, by Marija Carasso-Kok, p 87 (1975)</ref> Among his other posts, he held that of [schepen](/source/schepen); from 1641 he joined the [Wisselbank](/source/Wisselbank). He lived in the parental house at Lange Niezel.<ref>https://www.amsterdam-monumentenstad.nl/database/grachtenboek_objecten.php?id=1019</ref> In July 1646 he died and was buried nearby in the [Oude Kerk, Amsterdam](/source/Oude_Kerk%2C_Amsterdam).

Bicker owned country houses in [Baarn](/source/Baarn) and [Soest](/source/Soest%2C_Netherlands): 'Den Eult' and 'Pijnenburg',<ref name="Bo_dCgAAQBAJ p 75"/> and [:nl:Kasteel de Hooge Vuursche](/source/%3Anl%3AKasteel_de_Hooge_Vuursche).<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=Bo_dCgAAQBAJ&q=Jacob+Bicker+Engelenburg Buitenplaatsen in de Gouden Eeuw: De rijkdom van het buitenleven in de Republik. By Y. Kuiper, Ben Olde Meierink, Elyze Storms-Smeets, p 77]</ref> Between 1643 and 1646 he was lord of [:nl:Engelenburg](/source/%3Anl%3AEngelenburg).

===Bicker Family===
thumb|left|130px|Coat of arms Jacob Bicker as Lord of Engelenburg

The [Bicker family](/source/Bicker_family) was one of the oldest [patrician](/source/Patrician_(post-Roman_Europe)) families of Amsterdam and belonged to the leading [regent](/source/Regenten)-[oligarchy](/source/oligarchy). The Bickers were the most powerful family in Amsterdam and decisively determined the fortunes of the city.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=N1lZEAAAQBAJ&q=Andries+BickerNiederl%C3%A4ndische Seefahrer in schwedischen Diensten: Seeschifffahrt und Technologietransfer im 17. Jahrhundert, by Hielke van Nieuwenhuize, p 232 (2022)]</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=s257EAAAQBAJ&q=Andries+Bicker Geschichte der Niederlande: Von der Seemacht zum Trendland, by Christoph Driessen (2022)]</ref> The Bicker-[De Graeff](/source/De_Graeff) family-faction became the strongest competitor in the years after the Dutch uprising. They controlled Amsterdam's city government and the province of Holland for half a century. Both families were powerful and influential between the earlier 17th century and the [Rampjaar](/source/Rampjaar) 1672 during the height of the Republic's power.<ref name="Andries">{{in lang|nl}} [http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/molh003nieu10_01/molh003nieu10_01_0113.htm Biography of Andries Bicker on DBNL]</ref> Through their work on the Amsterdam City Council and the [Dutch East India](/source/Dutch_East_India_Company) and [West India Company](/source/Dutch_West_India_Company), the Bickers gained enormous influence on politico-economic self-determination in the young [Dutch Republic](/source/Dutch_Republic) due to the city's position of economic power within the Republic.<ref name="Adams" >[https://books.google.com/books?id=e-qd05sHxVsC&q=Andries+BickerThe Familial State: Ruling Families and Merchant Capitalism in Early Modern Europe, by Julia Adams, p 99 (2005)]</ref>

==References==
<references/>

==Sources==
* {{in lang|nl}} Zandvliet, Kees, De 250 rijksten van de Gouden Eeuw. Kapitaal, macht, familie en levensstijl (2006 Amsterdam; Nieuw Amsterdam Uitgevers), p.&nbsp;73
* {{in lang|nl}} [http://www.ms-visucom.de/cgi-bin/ebidat.pl?id=2191 ''Engelenburg'' in de ''Ebidat – Burgendatenbank des Europäischen Burgeninstitutes'']

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bicker (1588-1647), Jacob}}
Category:17th-century Dutch businesspeople
Category:Dutch merchants
Category:1588 births
Category:1647 deaths
Jacob
Category:Dutch businesspeople

---
Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Jacob Bicker](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacob_Bicker) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacob_Bicker?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.