# Ivane Machabeli

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{{short description|19th-century Georgian writer, journalist, and translator (1854–1898)}}
{{Infobox writer 
|honorific_prefix=[Tavadi](/source/Tavadi) 
| name        = Ivane Machabeli
| native_name = ივანე მაჩაბელი
| image       = Ivane Machabeli Tbilisi, 1890s Alexander Roinashvili's photo.jpg
| imagesize   = 250px
| caption     = 
| birth_date  = {{Birth date|df=yes|1854|1|28}}
| birth_place = [Tamarasheni](/source/Tamarasheni)
| death_date  = c. 1898
| death_place = 
| resting_place = 
| occupation  = writer, translator
| nationality = [Georgian](/source/Georgians)
| movement    = 
| signature   = Ivane Machabeli signature (vect).svg
}}
Prince '''Ivane Machabeli''' ({{lang-ka|ივანე მაჩაბელი}}) (January 28, 1854 – c. 1898) was a [Georgian](/source/Georgia_(country)) writer, translator, publicist, public figure, active member of the National-Liberation Movement, and a founder of the new Georgian literary language. He is also well known for his resonant translations of [Shakespeare](/source/Shakespeare) and for writing the opera of "The Knight in the Panther's Skin."

==Biography==
He was born into an old Georgian aristocratic family [Machabeli](/source/Machabeli) in the village of [Tamarasheni](/source/Tamarasheni) near [Tskhinvali](/source/Tskhinvali). Machabeli studied in [St. Petersburg](/source/St._Petersburg), in [Germany](/source/Germany), and in [Paris](/source/Paris). Returning in Georgia, he was closely allied with [Ilia Chavchavadze](/source/Ilia_Chavchavadze), a leader of Georgian intellectual life of that time, whom Machabeli offered his assistance in all initiatives aimed at reviving Georgian culture and opposition to the [Imperial Russia](/source/Imperial_Russia)n rule. He served an editor in chief of the leading Georgian national magazines ''Iveria'' (1882–3) and ''[Droeba](/source/Droeba)'' (1883–5). Despite his preoccupation with charities, especially orphanages, and extensive journalism, Machabeli made Shakespeare his life's work. Although, he never visited [England](/source/England), he produced, from 1886 to 1898, the brilliant translations of ''[Hamlet](/source/Hamlet)'', ''[Othello](/source/Othello)'', ''[Macbeth](/source/Macbeth)'', ''[Richard III](/source/Richard_III_(play))'', ''[Julius Caesar](/source/Julius_Caesar_(play))'', ''[Antony and Cleopatra](/source/Antony_and_Cleopatra)'', and ''[Coriolanus](/source/Coriolanus_(play))'', which to this day serve as the standard versions for the repertoire of the [Rustaveli Theatre](/source/Rustaveli_Theatre). Machabeli left his apartment in [Tbilisi](/source/Tbilisi) on June 26, 1898, and was never seen again.<ref>[Rayfield, Donald](/source/Rayfield%2C_Donald) (2000), ''[The Literature of Georgia: A History](/source/The_Literature_of_Georgia%3A_A_History)'': 1st edition, p. 181. [Routledge](/source/Routledge), {{ISBN|0-7007-1163-5}}</ref>

The museum dedicated to Machabeli is located in his native Tamarasheni, which lies in the ongoing [Georgian-Ossetian conflict](/source/Georgian-Ossetian_conflict) zone. It was severely damaged, on July 23, 1997, in a blast allegedly organized by local Ossetian nationalists,<ref>[http://www.jamestown.org/publications_details.php?volume_id=2&issue_id=194&article_id=2281 ''Georgian Monument Blown up in South Ossetia''] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930165318/http://www.jamestown.org/publications_details.php?volume_id=2&issue_id=194&article_id=2281 |date=2007-09-30 }}, The [Jamestown Foundation](/source/Jamestown_Foundation) ''Monitor'', Volume 3, Issue 145 (July 25, 1997).</ref> and completely destroyed after the [2008 South Ossetia war](/source/2008_South_Ossetia_war).<ref>[http://www.geotimes.ge/index.php?m=home&newsid=14931 International Organization Affirms that Machabeli Museum is Destroyed in Tamarasheni] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110124202248/http://geotimes.ge/index.php?m=home&newsid=14931 |date=2011-01-24 }}. ''The Georgian Times''. January 30, 2009.</ref> 
A street in Tbilisi's Sololaki district is named after Machabeli. This [Writer's House of Georgia](/source/Writer's_House_of_Georgia) is located on this street.

== See also ==
*[Samachablo](/source/Samachablo)

==References==
{{reflist}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Machabeli, Ivane}}
Category:1854 births
Category:1898 deaths
Category:Writers from Georgia (country)
Category:Journalists from Georgia (country)
Category:Nobility of Georgia (country)
Category:Translators of William Shakespeare
Category:Translators from Georgia (country)
Category:Translators to Georgian
Category:19th-century journalists
Category:19th-century male journalists
Category:19th-century translators
Category:People from Shida Kartli
Category:Writers from the Russian Empire
Category:19th-century nobility

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Ivane Machabeli](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivane_Machabeli) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivane_Machabeli?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.