# Isopach map

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[[File:Isopach Sheet7d 33.jpg|thumb|'''Isopach map''' showing true stratigraphic thickness of [Holocene](/source/Holocene) [sediments](/source/sediments) deposited offshore of [Pacifica, California](/source/Pacifica%2C_California)]]

An '''isopach map''' ({{IPAc-en|'|aɪ|s|oʊ|p|æ|k}}) illustrates thickness variations within a tabular unit, layer or [stratum](/source/stratum). Isopachs are [contour line](/source/contour_line)s of equal thickness over an area. Isopach maps are utilized in [hydrographic survey](/source/hydrographic_survey), [stratigraphy](/source/stratigraphy), [sedimentology](/source/sedimentology), [structural geology](/source/structural_geology), [petroleum geology](/source/petroleum_geology) and [volcanology](/source/volcanology).

An '''isopach map''' is similar to an '''isochore map''', but these terms actually describe different methods of displaying thickness variations within a layer.<ref name=levorsen>Levorsen (1967), p. 596-600 and 616.</ref><ref name=tearpock>Tearpock and Bischke (2002), chap. 14.</ref>

*An isopach map displays lines of equal thickness in a layer where the thicknesses are measured perpendicular to the layer boundaries. Isopach maps are also referred to as True Stratigraphic Thickness (TST) maps.<ref name=tearpock /><ref name=net>''Isopach maps vs isochore maps'' at [http://www.structuralgeology.org/2012/11/isopach-maps-vs-isochore-maps.html www.structuralgeology.org], accessed 5 April 2013.</ref>
*An isochore map displays lines of equal thickness in a layer where the thicknesses are measured vertically. Isochore maps in geology are also referred to as True Vertical Thickness (TVT) maps.<ref name=tearpock /><ref name=net />

Thus, an isochore and isopach map are the same only when both the top and bottom surfaces of the layer shown are horizontal. When the layer shown is inclined, as is usually the case, the thicknesses displayed in an isochore map of the layer will be greater than the thicknesses displayed in an isopach map of the same layer. The terms isopach and isochore are widely confused, and many times maps of True Vertical Thickness (TVT), which by definition are isochore maps, are incorrectly labeled isopach maps.<ref name=net />

==Notes==
{{Reflist}}

==References==

* Levorsen, A.I. (1967), ''Geology of Petroleum,''  W.H.Freeman and Company, San Francisco, 724 p.
* Tearpock, Daniel J. and Bischke, Richard E. (2002), ''Applied Subsurface Geological Mapping with Structural Methods (2nd Edition),'' Prentice- Hall, Englewood Cliffs  822 p.

== External links ==
* [http://www.glossary.oilfield.slb.com/Display.cfm?Term=isopach Oilfield Glossary] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110607153215/http://www.glossary.oilfield.slb.com/Display.cfm?Term=isopach |date=2011-06-07 }}

Category:Thematic maps
Category:Sedimentology
Category:Stratigraphy

{{Sedimentology-stub}}

[he:מפה גאולוגית#מפה איזופכית](/source/he%3A%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%94_%D7%92%D7%90%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%92%D7%99%D7%AA)

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Isopach map](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isopach_map) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isopach_map?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.