# Isocrinida

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{{Short description|Order of crinoids}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| fossil_range = {{Fossil range|247|0|Anisian to Recent}}
| image =  Isocrinus nicoleti Kane County.JPG
| image_caption =  ''Isocrinus nicoleti'' columnals; Middle Jurassic; [Carmel Formation](/source/Carmel_Formation); Utah.
| taxon = Isocrinida
| synonyms = Isocrinina <small>[Sieverts-Doreck](/source/Hertha_Doreck), 1952</small>
| synonyms_ref = <ref name=WoRMS/>
}}

'''Isocrinida''' is an order of '''[sea lilies](/source/sea_lilies)''' which contains four families.

==Characteristics==
{{Main|Crinoid#Morphology}}
Members of this order are characterised by having a "heteromorphic" stalk; the stalk consists of a series of nodes with cirri, interspersed by several nodes without cirri. There are additionally a whorl of cirri at the base on which the animal perches. The [calyx](/source/Calyx_(anatomy)) is a shallow cup consisting of five basals and five radials.<ref name=OHara>{{cite book|author1=O'Hara, Timothy|author2=Byrne, Maria|title=Australian Echinoderms: Biology, Ecology and Evolution |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EtkqDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA192 |year=2017 |publisher=Csiro Publishing |isbn=978-1-4863-0763-0 |page=192}}</ref>

They are more mobile than other stalked crinoids, and can be found as shallow as {{convert|100–170|m|ft|-2|abbr=on}}, and on rare occasions below {{convert|400|m|ft|-2|abbr=on}}, but is most common at depths of {{convert|200–300|m|ft|-2|abbr=on}}.<ref>[https://www.nature.com/articles/s42003-018-0048-0 Globally discordant Isocrinida (Crinoidea) migration confirms asynchronous Marine Mesozoic Revolution]</ref>

==Families==
Ordo '''Isocrinida'''<ref name=WoRMS>{{Cite WoRMS|author=Marc Eleaume|id=123095|title=Isocrinida}}</ref>
* Family [Balanocrinidae](/source/Balanocrinidae) <small>Roux, 1981</small> 
** Subfamily Balanocrininae <small>Roux, 1981</small>
** Subfamily Diplocrininae <small>Roux, 1981</small>
** Subfamily Isselicrininae <small>Klikushkin, 1977</small>
** Subfamily [Proisocrininae](/source/Proisocrininae) <small>Rasmussen, 1978</small>
* Family [Cainocrinidae](/source/Cainocrinidae) <small>Simms, 1988</small>
* Family [Isocrinidae](/source/Isocrinidae) <small>Gislén, 1924</small>
** Subfamily Isocrininae <small>Gislén, 1924</small>
** Subfamily Metacrininae <small>Klikushin, 1977</small>
* Family {{Extinct}}[Pentacrinitidae](/source/Pentacrinitidae) <small>Gray, 1842</small>
** Subfamily [Eocomatulinae](/source/Eocomatulinae)<!--Monotypic subfamily--> <small>Simms, 1988</small>
** Subfamily Pentacrinitinae <small>Blumenbach, 1804</small>

<gallery style="text-align:center;" widths=200 mode="nolines">
Image:Endoxocrinus parrae.jpg|''[Endoxocrinus parrae](/source/Endoxocrinus_parrae)'' ([Balanocrinidae](/source/Balanocrinidae))
Image:Britannica Echinoderma 14.jpg|''[Isocrinus asteria](/source/Isocrinus_asteria)''
File:Crinoid_fossils_the_Jurassic.jpg|''Isocrinus'' fossil, [Shamshak Formation](/source/Shemshak_Group), [Alborz province](/source/Alborz_province), Iran
Image:Metacrinus rotundus by OpenCage.JPG|''[Metacrinus rotundus](/source/Metacrinus_rotundus)'' ([Isocrinidae](/source/Isocrinidae))
Image:Neocrinus decorus.jpg|''[Neocrinus decorus](/source/Neocrinus_decorus)'' ([Balanocrinidae](/source/Balanocrinidae))
Image:Proisocrinus ruberrimus.jpg|''[Proisocrinus ruberrimus](/source/Proisocrinus_ruberrimus)'' ([Balanocrinidae](/source/Balanocrinidae))
Image:Endoxocrinus.jpg|''[Endoxocrinus](/source/Endoxocrinus) sp.'' ([Balanocrinidae](/source/Balanocrinidae))
File:Crinoide vraie.jpg|Unidentified Isocrinid
</gallery>

==References==
{{Reflist}}
*Hess H (2011) Isocrinida. In: Hess, H., Messing, C.G., Ausich, W.I. (Eds.), [Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology](/source/Treatise_on_Invertebrate_Paleontology), Part T, Echinodermata 2 Revised, Crinoidea, vol. 3. University of Kansas Press, Lawrence, Kansas, pp.&nbsp;42–69.

{{Taxonbar|from=Q15304495}}
{{Authority control}}

Category:Isocrinida
Category:Articulata (Crinoidea)
Category:Anisian first appearances
Category:Extant Middle Triassic first appearances
Category:Echinoderm orders

{{crinoidea-stub}}

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Isocrinida](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isocrinida) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isocrinida?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.