# Isaiah 44 > Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Isaiah_44 > Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Isaiah_44.md > Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaiah_44 > Source revision: 1333519966 > License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) **Isaiah 44** is the forty-fourth [chapter](/source/Chapters_and_verses_of_the_Bible) of the [Book of Isaiah](/source/Book_of_Isaiah) in the [Hebrew Bible](/source/Hebrew_Bible) or the [Old Testament](/source/Old_Testament) of the [Christian](/source/Christianity) [Bible](/source/Bible). This book contains the prophecies attributed to the prophet [Isaiah](/source/Isaiah), and is a part of the [Books of the Prophets](/source/Nevi'im). ## Text The original text was written in [Hebrew language](/source/Biblical_Hebrew). [This chapter is divided into](/source/Chapters_and_verses_of_the_Bible) 28 verses. ### Textual witnesses Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in [Hebrew](/source/Biblical_Hebrew) are of the [Masoretic Text](/source/Masoretic_Text) tradition, which includes the [Codex Cairensis](/source/Codex_Cairensis) (895), [the Petersburg Codex of the Prophets](/source/Codex_Babylonicus_Petropolitanus) (916), [Aleppo Codex](/source/Aleppo_Codex) (10th century), [Codex Leningradensis](/source/Leningrad_Codex) (1008).[1] Fragments containing parts of this chapter were found among the [Dead Sea Scrolls](/source/Dead_Sea_Scrolls) (3rd century BC or later): - [1QIsaa](/source/Isaiah_scroll): complete - 1QIsab: extant: verses 21-28 - 4QIsab (4Q56): extant: verses 19-28 There is also a translation into [Koine Greek](/source/Koine_Greek) known as the [Septuagint](/source/Septuagint), made in the last few centuries BCE. Extant ancient manuscripts of the [Septuagint](/source/Septuagint) version include [Codex Vaticanus](/source/Codex_Vaticanus) (**B**; \mathfrak{G}B; 4th century), [Codex Sinaiticus](/source/Codex_Sinaiticus) (**S**; [BHK](/source/Biblia_Hebraica_(Kittel)): \mathfrak{G}S; 4th century), [Codex Alexandrinus](/source/Codex_Alexandrinus) (**A**; \mathfrak{G}A; 5th century) and [Codex Marchalianus](/source/Codex_Marchalianus) (**Q**; \mathfrak{G}Q; 6th century).[2] ## Parashot The *[parashah](/source/Parashah)* sections listed here are based on the [Aleppo Codex](/source/Aleppo_Codex).[3] Isaiah 44 is a part of the *Consolations ([Isaiah 40](/source/Isaiah_40)[–66](/source/Isaiah_66))*. {P}: open *parashah*; {S}: closed *parashah*. - {P} 44:1-5 {P} 44:6-20 {S} 44:21-23 {S} 44:4-28 {P} ## Verse 1 - *“Yet hear now, O Jacob My servant,* - *And Israel whom I have chosen.* (NKJV)[4] Cross reference: [Isaiah 42:1](/source/Isaiah_42:1), [Jeremiah 30:10](/source/Jeremiah_30:10) ## Verse 2 - *Thus saith the Lord that made thee,* - *and formed thee from the [womb](/source/Womb), which will help thee;* - *Fear not, O Jacob, my servant;* - *and thou, [Jesurun](/source/Jeshurun), whom I have chosen.*[5] The word *Jesurun* is used in the [King James Version](/source/King_James_Version); most modern [translations](/source/Bible_translations_into_English) use the word *Jeshurun*.[6] ## Verse 6 - *"Thus saith the Lord, the King of Israel,* - *And his Redeemer, the Lord of hosts:* - *I am the First and I am the Last;* - *and beside Me there is no God.*[7] Cross reference: [Revelation 1:8](/source/Revelation_1:8): - *“I am the Alpha and the Omega, the Beginning and the End,” says the Lord, “who is and who was and who is to come*.[8] This verse contains the first clear statement of [monotheism](/source/Monotheism).[9] ## Verses 9-20 The process of manufacturing idols is "described in minute detail, showing what an expenditure of human strength and contrivance is involved in the production of these useless deities".[10] ## Verses 21-28 ### Verse 22 - *I have blotted out, like a thick cloud, your transgressions, and like a cloud, your sins.*[11] - "Blotted out": The impact of the past wrongdoing has now been removed completely.[12] ### Verse 28 - *That saith of Cyrus, He is my shepherd,* - *and shall perform all my pleasure:* - *even saying to Jerusalem, Thou shalt be built;* - *and to the [temple](/source/Second_Temple), Thy foundation shall be laid.*[13] The mention of the deliverer of Israel, [Cyrus](/source/Cyrus_the_Great) by name in this verse (also in [45:1](/source/Isaiah_45:1)) becomes one of the main grounds for the theory of two Isaiahs.[14] ## See also - [Alpha and Omega](/source/Alpha_and_Omega) - [Cyrus the Great](/source/Cyrus_the_Great) - Related [Bible](/source/Bible) parts: [Psalm 23](/source/Psalm_23), [Isaiah 40](/source/Isaiah_40), [Isaiah 43](/source/Isaiah_43), [Isaiah 45](/source/Isaiah_45), [Revelation 1](/source/Revelation_1) ## References 1. Würthwein 1995, pp. 35–37. 1. Würthwein 1995, pp. 73–74. 1. As reflected in the [Jewish Publication Society's 1917 edition of the Hebrew Bible in English](http://mechon-mamre.org/e/et/et0.htm). 1. [BibleGateway.com](/source/BibleGateway.com), [Translations of Isaiah 44:2](https://www.biblegateway.com/verse/en/Isaiah%2044:2), accessed 10 August 2018; also *Jeshurun* is used in the King James Version of [Deuteronomy](/source/Book_of_Deuteronomy) 1. Gnuse, Robert Karl (1997). [*No Other Gods: Emergent Monotheism in Israel*](https://books.google.com/books?id=pBSJNDndGjwC). Continuum. p. 87. ISBN 9781850756576. 1. Skinner, J, [Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges](https://biblehub.com/commentaries/cambridge/isaiah/44.htm) on Isaiah 44, accessed 12 August 2018 1. NKJV 1. Coggins 2007, p. 470. 1. KJV 1. Exell, Joseph S.; Spence-Jones, Henry Donald Maurice (Editors). [On "Isaiah 44".](http://biblehub.com/commentaries/pulpit/isaiah/44.htm) In: *The [Pulpit Commentary](/source/Pulpit_Commentary)*. 23 volumes. First publication: 1890. Diakses 24 April 2018. ## Sources - Coggins, R (2007). ["22. Isaiah"](https://books.google.com/books?id=ZJdVkgEACAAJ). *The Oxford Bible Commentary*. first (paperback) ed. Barton, John & Muddiman, John (eds.). Oxford University Press. pp. 433–486. ISBN 978-0199277186. Retrieved February 6, 2019. - Würthwein, Ernst (1995). [*The Text of the Old Testament*](https://books.google.com/books?id=FSNKSBObCYwC). Translated by Rhodes, Erroll F. Grand Rapids, MI: Wm. B. Eerdmans. ISBN 0-8028-0788-7. Retrieved January 26, 2019. ## External links ### Jewish - [Isaiah 44 Hebrew with Parallel English](http://www.mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt1044.htm) ### Christian - [Isaiah 44 English Translation with Parallel Latin Vulgate](http://www.latinvulgate.com/lv/verse.aspx?t=0&b=27&c=44) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20170104000931/http://www.latinvulgate.com/lv/verse.aspx?t=0&b=27&c=44) 2017-01-04 at the Wayback Machine --- Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Isaiah 44](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaiah_44) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaiah_44?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.