# Ionian mode

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{{Short description|Musical mode}}
{{Thumb|content=<score sound="1"> {
\override Score.TimeSignature #'stencil = ##f
\relative c' {
  \clef treble \time 7/4
  c4^\markup { C Ionian scale } d e f g a b c
} }
</score>}}
The '''Ionian mode''' is a [musical mode](/source/Mode_(music)) or, in modern usage, a [diatonic scale](/source/diatonic_scale) also called the [major scale](/source/major_scale). It is named after the [Ionian Greeks](/source/Ionians).

It is the name assigned by [Heinrich Glarean](/source/Heinrich_Glarean) in 1547 to his new [authentic mode](/source/Gregorian_mode) on C (mode 11 in his numbering scheme), which uses the [diatonic](/source/diatonic) [octave species](/source/octave_species) from C to the C an octave higher, divided at G (as its dominant, [reciting tone](/source/reciting_tone)/reciting note or ''tenor'') into a fourth species of [perfect fifth](/source/perfect_fifth) (tone–tone–semitone–tone) plus a third species of [perfect fourth](/source/perfect_fourth) (tone–tone–semitone): C D E F G + G A B C.<ref>{{harv|Powers|2001a}}</ref> This octave species is essentially the same as the [major mode](/source/Major_scale) of [tonal music](/source/tonal_music).<ref>{{harv|Jones|1974|loc=42}}</ref>

Church music had been explained by theorists as being organised in eight [musical modes](/source/Mode_(music)): the scales on D, E, F, and G in the "greater perfect system" of "musica recta,"<ref>{{harv|Powers|2001b|loc=§II: "Medieval Modal Theory"}}</ref> each with their [authentic](/source/authentic_mode) and [plagal](/source/plagal_mode) counterparts.

Glarean's twelfth mode was the plagal version of the Ionian mode, called [Hypoionian](/source/Hypoionian_mode) (under Ionian), based on the same relative scale, but with the [major third](/source/major_third) as its ''tenor'', and having a melodic range from a [perfect fourth](/source/perfect_fourth) below the tonic, to a [perfect fifth](/source/perfect_fifth) above it.<ref>{{harv|Powers|2001c}}</ref>

==See also==
*[Bilawal](/source/Bilawal), the equivalent scale ([thaat](/source/thaat)) in [Hindustani music](/source/Hindustani_music)
*[Shankarabharanam](/source/Sankarabharanam_(raga)), the equivalent scale ([melakarta](/source/melakarta)) in [Carnatic music](/source/Carnatic_music)

==Notes==
{{reflist|22em}}

===References===
*{{wikicite|ref={{harvid|Jones|1974}}|reference=Jones, George Thaddeus. 1974. "Medieval Church Modes", in his ''Music Theory: The Fundamental Concepts of Tonal Music, Including Notation, Terminology, and Harmony'', 42–43. Barnes & Noble Outline Series 137. New York, Hagerstown, San Francisco, London: Barnes & Noble Books; Toronto: Fitzhenry & Whiteside. {{ISBN|0-06-460137-4|0-06-467168-2}} {{OCLC|834716}}}}
* {{wikicite|ref={{harvid|Powers|2001a}}|reference=[Powers, Harold S.](/source/Harold_Powers) 2001a. "Ionian". ''[The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians](/source/The_New_Grove_Dictionary_of_Music_and_Musicians)'', 2nd edition, 29 vols., edited by [Stanley Sadie](/source/Stanley_Sadie) and [John Tyrrell](/source/John_Tyrrell_(musicologist)), 12:{{Page needed|date=June 2009}}. London: Macmillan; New York: Grove's Dictionaries of Music. {{ISBN|978-1-56159-239-5}}.}}
* {{wikicite|ref={{harvid|Powers|2001b}}|reference=Powers, Harold S. 2001b. "Mode". ''The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians'', 2nd edition, 29 vols., edited by Stanley Sadie and John Tyrrell, 16:{{Page needed|date=June 2009}}. London: Macmillan; New York: Grove's Dictionaries of Music. {{ISBN|978-1-56159-239-5}}.}}
* {{wikicite|ref={{harvid|Powers|2001c}}|reference=Powers, Harold S. 2001c. "Hypoionian". ''The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians'', 2nd edition, 29 vols., edited by Stanley Sadie and John Tyrrell, 12:37–38. London: Macmillan; New York: Grove's Dictionaries of Music. {{ISBN|978-1-56159-239-5}}.}}

==External links==
* [https://gosk.com/scales/major-scale-for-guitar.php Ionian mode for guitar] at GOSK.com

{{Modes}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ionian Mode}}
Category:Modes (music)
Category:Diatonic set theory
Category:Major scales

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Ionian mode](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionian_mode) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionian_mode?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.