# Inocybe godeyi

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{{Short description|Species of fungus}}
{{Good article}}
{{Speciesbox
| image = Inocybe godeyi 71610.jpg
| image_caption = 
| genus = Inocybe
| species = godeyi
| authority = [Gillet](/source/Claude_Casimir_Gillet) 1874
| synonyms_ref = <ref name="species"/>
| synonyms = *''Inocybe rubescens'' <small>Gillet 1883</small>
*''Agaricus trinii'' var. ''rubescens'' <small>(Gillet) [Pat.](/source/Narcisse_Th%C3%A9ophile_Patouillard) 1884</small>
*''Inocybe godeyi'' var. ''rufescens'' <small>[Cooke](/source/Mordecai_Cubitt_Cooke) 1909</small>
*''Inocybe boltonii'' <small>[R.Heim](/source/Roger_Heim) 1931</small>
*''Inocybe boltoni'' <small>R.Heim 1931</small>
*''Inocybe rickenii'' <small>R.Heim 1931</small>
*''Astrosporina boltonii'' <small>(R.Heim) [A.Pearson](/source/A.Pearson) 1943</small>
}}

'''''Inocybe godeyi''''' is a species of [Inocybaceae](/source/Inocybaceae) fungus found in Europe. The species produces [mushroom](/source/mushroom)s with cone-shaped [caps](/source/pileus_(mycology)) up to {{convert|5|cm|in|abbr=on|sigfig=1}} in diameter. The caps are cream, becoming browner, but they bruise red. The [stem](/source/stipe_(mycology)) is up to {{convert|6|cm|in|abbr=on|sigfig=1}} long, and has a "bulb" at the base. The white [flesh](/source/trama_(mycology)) has a strong smell and an acrid taste. The mushrooms can be found on forest floors in autumn months; the species forms an [ectomycorrhizal](/source/ectomycorrhizal) relationship to surrounding trees, favouring [beech](/source/beech). ''I.&nbsp;godeyi'' is known to be [poisonous](/source/poisonous_mushroom), containing [muscarine](/source/muscarine) compounds, and consumption of the mushrooms can lead to [SLUDGE syndrome](/source/SLUDGE_syndrome). The species is sometimes mistaken for the deadly ''[I.&nbsp;erubescens](/source/Inocybe_erubescens)''.

First described by [Claude Casimir Gillet](/source/Claude_Casimir_Gillet), the species retains the name which it was first given, but has a number of [taxonomic synonyms](/source/synonym_(taxonomy)). Its [specific name](/source/botanical_name) honours [Louis-Luc Godey](/source/Louis-Luc_Godey). Within the genus ''[Inocybe](/source/Inocybe)'', it has been [classified](/source/classification_(biology)) in a number of ways, but appears to form part of a [clade](/source/clade) (that is, a group sharing a common ancestor) with species including ''[I.&nbsp;abietis](/source/Inocybe_abietis)'', ''[I.&nbsp;corydalina](/source/Inocybe_corydalina)'', ''[I.&nbsp;agglutinata](/source/Inocybe_agglutinata)'' and ''[I.&nbsp;pudica](/source/Inocybe_pudica)''.

==Taxonomy and phylogeny==
''Inocybe godeyi'' was first [described](/source/Species_description), and given its current name, by French [botanist](/source/botanist) and [mycologist](/source/mycologist) [Claude Casimir Gillet](/source/Claude_Casimir_Gillet) in his 1874 work ''Les Hyménomycètes ou description de tous les champignons (fungi) qui croissent en France''.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.mycobank.org/MycoTaxo.aspx?Link=T&Rec=189598|title= ''Inocybe godeyi''|publisher= [Index Fungorum](/source/Index_Fungorum)|access-date=11 July 2011}}</ref> The [specific name](/source/Botanical_name) honours the French mycologist [Louis-Luc Godey](/source/Louis-Luc_Godey).<ref>{{cite book |title=British Basidiomycetaceae: a Handbook to the Larger British Fungi |author=Rea, Carleton |author-link=Carleton Rea |year=1922 |publisher=[Cambridge University Press](/source/Cambridge_University_Press)|page=198}}</ref> British mycologist [Mordecai Cubitt Cooke](/source/Mordecai_Cubitt_Cooke) described a [variety](/source/variety_(botany)) of the species, ''Inocybe godeyi'' var. ''rufescens'', in a 1909 issue of the ''[Transactions of the British Mycological Society](/source/Transactions_of_the_British_Mycological_Society)''. However, the name is now considered [synonymous](/source/Synonym_(taxonomy)) with ''Inocybe godeyi''. A number of other names are recognised as synonymous. Gillet's own ''Inocybe rubescens'', described in an 1883 issue of ''Revue Mycologique'', is no longer seen as a separate [taxon](/source/taxon). The same is true of [Narcisse Théophile Patouillard](/source/Narcisse_Th%C3%A9ophile_Patouillard)'s 1884 description of ''I.&nbsp;rubescens'' as a variety of "''Agaricus trinii''", ''Agaricus trinii'' var. ''rubescens''. Other synonyms include [Roger Heim](/source/Roger_Heim)'s 1931 ''Inocybe rickenii'' and ''Inocybe boltonii''.<ref name="species">{{cite web |url= http://www.speciesfungorum.org/Names/SynSpecies.asp?RecordID=189598|title= ''Inocybe godeyi'' synonymy|publisher= Species Fungorum|access-date=11 July 2011}}</ref>

Within the genus ''Inocybe'', ''I.&nbsp;godeyi'' has been classified in a number of ways. In 1986, mycologist Thom Kuyper placed the species in the [supersection](/source/supersection) ''Marginatae'' ([subgenus](/source/subgenus) ''Inocybe''), along with species including ''[I.&nbsp;abietis](/source/Inocybe_abietis)'', ''[I.&nbsp;calospora](/source/Inocybe_calospora)'' and ''[I.&nbsp;praetervisa](/source/Inocybe_praetervisa)''. [Rolf Singer](/source/Rolf_Singer) considers ''Marginatae'' a [section](/source/Section_(botany)) in subgenus ''Inocybe'', but he placed ''I.&nbsp;godeyi'' in the section ''Geophyllinae'' (in the [subgenus](/source/subgenus) ''Inocibium'') along with species including ''[I.&nbsp;agglutinata](/source/Inocybe_agglutinata)'' and ''[I.&nbsp;pudica](/source/Inocybe_pudica)''. A 2002 [phylogenetic](/source/phylogenetic) study found that Singer's ''Geophyllinae'' is probably [monophyletic](/source/monophyletic) (that is, the taxa all come from a common, recent ancestor) and suggested that ''I.&nbsp;godeyi'' forms a [clade](/source/clade) with species including ''I.&nbsp;abietis'', ''[I.&nbsp;corydalina](/source/Inocybe_corydalina)'', ''I.&nbsp;agglutinata'' and ''I.&nbsp;pudica''. All species in the clade were "smooth-spored Inocybes with [metuloid](/source/wiktionary%3Ametuloid) [hymenial](/source/Hymenium) cystidia", but there were other species that fit that description, such as ''[I.&nbsp;lacera](/source/Inocybe_lacera)'', that were shown not to be a part of the clade.<ref name="Matheny">{{cite journal |author1=Matheny, P. Brandon |author2=Liu, Yajuan J. |author3=Ammirati, Joseph F. |author4=Hall, Benjamin D. |year= 2002|title= Using RPB1 sequences to improve phylogenetic inference among mushrooms (''Inocybe'', Agaricales)|journal= American Journal of Botany|volume= 89|issue= 4|pages= 688–98 |jstor=4131413 |doi=10.3732/ajb.89.4.688 |pmid=21665669|doi-access=free }}</ref>

==Description==
{{mycomorphbox
| name             = ''Inocybe godeyi''
| whichGills       = adnexed
| capShape         = conical
| hymeniumType     = gills
| ecologicalType   = mycorrhizal
| sporePrintColor  = reddish-brown
| howEdible        = poisonous
}}
''Inocybe godeyi'' produces [mushroom](/source/mushroom)s each of which features a [cap](/source/pileus_(mycology)) of {{convert|2|to|5|cm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} across. The cap is initially cone-shaped, but expands outward, and flattens somewhat. In younger mushrooms, it is a cream colour, but as the fruit bodies mature, it changes to an [ochre](/source/ochre) to [tan](/source/tan_(color)) colour; however, the cap can sometimes become entirely red, the colour it turns when bruised. The cap surface of younger specimens is smooth and silky.<ref name="Phillips"/> The surface of older caps becomes increasingly fibrous, and cracks often develop, beginning at the cap margin and moving towards the centre. There is usually a small [umbo](/source/umbo_(mycology)).<ref name="Sterry">{{cite book |title= Complete Guide to British Mushrooms & Toadstools |author1=Sterry, Paul |author2=Hughes, Barry |year=2009 |publisher=[HarperCollins](/source/HarperCollins) |isbn=978-0-00-723224-6 |page=192}}</ref> The [stem](/source/stipe_(mycology)) attaches to the center of the cap, and measures {{convert|40|to|60|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} by {{convert|3|to|8|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}}. Towards the base, the stem surface is covered in fine grains, and at the very base, there is an obviously defined "bulb". In colour, the stem is an off-white, becoming redder as the mushroom ages. The [flesh](/source/trama_(mycology)) is white, but gradually turns red when it is exposed. The [gills](/source/lamella_(mycology)) begin as an off-white, but become gradually the colour of [cinnamon](/source/cinnamon).<ref name="Phillips">{{cite book |title= Mushrooms and Other Fungi of Great Britain and Europe|author= Phillips, Roger|year= 1981|publisher= [Pan Books](/source/Pan_Books)|location= London|isbn= 0-330-26441-9|page=148}}</ref> They are adnexed, which means that only part of the depth of the gills attaches to the stem, and crowded.<ref name="Sterry"/>

===Microscopic features===
''Inocybe godeyi'' leaves a [snuff](/source/Snuff_(tobacco))-brown [spore print](/source/spore_print), while the individual [spore](/source/spore)s themselves are smooth and [almond](/source/almond)-shaped. The spores measure 9 to 11.5 by 5.5 to 7&nbsp;[micrometre](/source/micrometre)s.<ref name="Phillips"/> Each [basidium](/source/basidium) bares four spores.<ref name="Jordan"/> Both the cheilocystidia ([cystidia](/source/cystidia) found on the edges of the gills) and the pleurocystidia (cystidia found on the faces of the gills) are [spindle](/source/Spindle_(textiles))- or [bottle](/source/bottle)-shaped, with some kind of encrustation at the tip. They have thick [cell wall](/source/cell_wall)s.<ref name="Phillips"/>

===Similar species===
It is sometimes mistaken for the deadly ''[Inocybe erubescens](/source/Inocybe_erubescens)''.<ref name="Pegler"/> The rarer ''I.&nbsp;erubescens'', like ''I.&nbsp;godeyi'', bruises red, though it is lighter in colour to begin with. The most distinguishing feature is that ''I.&nbsp;erubescens'' lacks a bulbous base.<ref name="Kibby">{{cite book |title=Mushrooms and Toadstools of Britain and Northern Europe |last=Kibby |first=Geoffrey |year=2003 |publisher=[Hamlyn](/source/Hamlyn_(publishers)) |isbn=978-0-7537-1865-0 |page=97}}</ref>

==Edibility==
''Inocybe godeyi'' flesh has a strong smell, which has been variously described as "unpleasant",<ref name="Phillips"/> "earthy or mealy",<ref name="Pegler">{{cite book |title= Mushrooms and Toadstools|last= Pegler|first= David N.|year= 1983|publisher= Mitchell Beazley Publishing|location= London|isbn= 0-85533-500-9|page= 98}}</ref> and "not distinctive".<ref name="Jordan"/> The flesh has an acrid taste. The mushrooms are known to be poisonous,<ref name="Phillips"/> containing toxic compounds of [muscarine](/source/muscarine).<ref name="Kibby"/> Consumption of the mushroom could lead to a number of physiological effects, including: [salivation](/source/salivation), [lacrimation](/source/lacrimation), [urination](/source/urination), [defecation](/source/defecation), [gastrointestinal problem](/source/gastrointestinal_problem)s and [emesis](/source/emesis) (vomiting); this array of symptoms is also known by the acronym [SLUDGE](/source/SLUDGE_syndrome).<ref name="Hall">{{cite book |title= Edible and Poisonous Mushrooms of the World|last= Hall|first= Ian Robert|author2= Buchanan, Peter K.|author3= Stephenson, Steven L.|author4= Yun, Wang|author5= Cole, Anthony L. J.|year= 2003|publisher= [Timber Press](/source/Timber_Press)|isbn= 978-0-88192-586-9|pages= 108–9}}</ref> Other potential effects include a drop in [blood pressure](/source/blood_pressure), [sweating](/source/sweating) and death due to [respiratory failure](/source/respiratory_failure).<ref name="Hall"/>

==Distribution and habitat==
''Inocybe godeyi'' can be found in Europe.<ref name="Phillips"/> It is found in deciduous woodland on the ground,<ref name="Kibby"/> particularly on [chalky soil](/source/chalk).<ref name="Phillips"/> The species is [ectomycorrhizal](/source/ectomycorrhizal),<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Tedersoo, Leho |author2=Pellet, Prune |author3=Kõljalg, Urmas |author4=Selosse, Marc-André |year= 2007|title= Parallel evolutionary paths to mycoheterotrophy in understorey Ericaceae and Orchidaceae: ecological evidence for mixotrophy in Pyroleae|journal= Oecologia|volume= 151|issue= 2|pages= 206–17 |jstor=40210520 |doi= 10.1007/s00442-006-0581-2 |pmid= 17089139|bibcode=2007Oecol.151..206T |s2cid=12529846 }}</ref> favouring [beech](/source/beech).<ref name="Phillips"/> Mushrooms are encountered in the autumn months of August to November,<ref name="Phillips"/><ref name="Pegler"/> solitarily or in "trooping groups". While the mushrooms can be locally common,<ref name="Jordan">{{cite book |title=The Encyclopedia of Fungi of Britain and Europe |author=Jordan, Michael |author-link=Michael Jordan (mycologist) |year=2004 |publisher=[Frances Lincoln](/source/Frances_Lincoln) |isbn=978-0-7112-2378-3 |page=291}}</ref> the species is typically uncommon.<ref name="Phillips"/><ref name="Kibby"/>

==See also==
*[List of ''Inocybe'' species](/source/List_of_Inocybe_species)

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q3914313}}

godeyi
Category:Fungi described in 1874
Category:Fungi of Europe
Category:Poisonous fungi
Category:Taxa named by Claude Casimir Gillet
Category:Fungus species

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Inocybe godeyi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inocybe_godeyi) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inocybe_godeyi?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.