# Indura

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**Indura** ([Belarusian](/source/Belarusian_language): Індура; Russian: Индура; Polish: *Indura*; Yiddish: אמדור) is a village in the [Grodno District](/source/Grodno_District) of the [Grodno Region](/source/Grodno_Region) of Belarus.

The town's name in Yiddish is Amdur, which lends its name to the [Amdur Hasidic dynasty](/source/Amdur_(Hasidic_dynasty)) founded by [Chaim Chaykl of Amdur](/source/Chaim_Chaykl_of_Amdur).[1]

## History

The first mention of Indura appears in the 16th century, when the settlement was under the rule of Jan Dovojnovich, who, in 1522, built a wooden church of the Holy Trinity in Indura. Between the 16th and 17th century, Indura was under the rule of [Radziwiłł](/source/Radziwi%C5%82%C5%82_family), [Pac](/source/Pac_family), and [Kiszka](/source/Kiszka_family) families, later being owned by the [Ogiński](/source/Ogi%C5%84ski_family) and [Massalski](/source/Massalski_family) families in the 18th century. Following the [third partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth](/source/Third_Partition_of_Poland) in 1795, Indura became a part of the [Russian Empire](/source/Russian_Empire) in the Grodno district and was under the rule of the Brzhostovsky family.

In 1815, a stone church was built in the town and in 1881 the Orthodox church of St [Alexander Nevsky](/source/Alexander_Nevsky) was built, which still stands to this day. In 1885, a synagogue was built which also stands to this day. According to the [Riga Peace Treaty](/source/Riga_peace_treaty) of 1921, Indura fell into the interwar [Polish Republic](/source/Second_Polish_Republic), within which it was administratively located in the [Białystok Voivodeship](/source/Bia%C5%82ystok_Voivodeship_(1919%E2%80%931939)). In the 1921 census, 64.9% people declared Jewish nationality, 33.1% people declared Polish nationality, and 1.8% declared Belarusian nationality.[2]

On 17 September 1939, after the [Soviet invasion of Poland](/source/Soviet_invasion_of_Poland) at the start of [World War II](/source/World_War_II), Indura became part of the [USSR](/source/Soviet_Union), since 1940 it has been the center of the village council. From June 1941 to 21 July 1944 it was under [German occupation](/source/Occupation_of_Poland_(1939%E2%80%931945)). The Jews of the village (about 2,000 people) were herded into a [ghetto](/source/Jewish_ghettos_established_by_Nazi_Germany), and in 1942 they were sent to [death camps](/source/Death_camps).[1][3][4]

## Attractions

- Church of the Holy Trinity, 1815.
- Orthodox Church of Saint Alexander Nevsky, 1881.
- Amdur Synagogue, 1885.
- Noble estate, 19th century, the manor house and farm buildings have been preserved.
- Jewish cemetery.

## References

1. ["Indura"](https://vedaj.by/index.php/en/towns/grodno/gro/indura). *vedaj.by*. Retrieved 26 December 2020.

1. *Skorowidz miejscowości Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. Tom V* (in Polish). Warszawa: Główny Urząd Statystyczny. 1924. p. 30.

1. ["Geographic coordinates of Indura. Latitude, longitude, and elevation above sea level of Indura, Belarus"](https://dateandtime.info/citycoordinates.php?id=556386). *dateandtime.info*. Retrieved 3 October 2022.

1. ["INDURA (Amdur): Grodno | Belarus | International Jewish Cemetery Project"](http://iajgscemetery.org/eastern-europe/belarus/indura). *IAJGS Cemetery Project*. Retrieved 26 December 2020.

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Indura](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indura) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indura?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.