# Index Seminum > Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Index_Seminum > Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Index_Seminum.md > Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_Seminum > Source revision: 1309201907 > License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) {{Short description|Annual catalogue of seeds}} {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2021}} {{italic title}} '''Index Seminum''' meaning in [Latin](/source/Latin) "seed index", is a [catalog](/source/cataloging) of [seed](/source/seed)s of wild or cultivated plants offered free of charge or in exchange of seeds of equivalent value by [botanical gardens](/source/botanical_gardens) or [arboretum](/source/arboretum)s. It is published annually or biennially by these institutions, traditionally in [A5 format](/source/A5_format) (148 × 210 mm). Seeds presented in Index Seminum are readily available and kept in [seed bank](/source/seed_bank)s. More than 1000 institutions from 48 countries publish Index Seminum with the intention of establishing a free and fair exchange.{{in lang|es}} Juan Armada [https://books.google.com/books/about/El_Real_Jard%C3%ADn_Bot%C3%A1nico_de_Madrid_1755.html?id=c_xuAAAACAAJ El Real Jardín Botánico de Madrid (1755–2005): ciencia, colección y escuela] 245 pages, Lunwerg, 2005, {{ISBN|8497852559}}, {{ISBN|9788497852555}} The exchange of [seed](/source/seed)s and [spore](/source/spore)s constitutes one of the main ways of increasing the living collections of botanical gardens, and is also a way of obtaining material for the development of research work. == Components of an ''Index Seminum'' == Generally there are several items that are included in the listings: * Complete botanical garden references, name, address, etc. * A concise but complete presentation of the botanical garden. * The general [climatology](/source/climatology) of the botanical garden referred to. * [Geographical location](/source/Geographical_location) of the botanical garden. * A [page](/source/page_(paper)) of information explaining useful services related to the operation of the activity related to seeds. * A list of the plants of the towns near the botanical garden. * Occasionally, a list of available species brought from tropical or other locations. * A [bibliography](/source/bibliography) of the [reference work](/source/reference_work)s. * Sometimes a list of the people dedicated to caring for the [seedbed](/source/seedbed) and exchanges is attached. The classification of plant species is made by alphabetical order of the families to which they belong, and another by [genus](/source/genus). The seeds collected in the botanical garden itself must have a separate classification. It is important that the origin of the seeds is well specified, clarifying whether they were collected outside or inside the botanical garden itself. == History == Tradition of collecting and exchanging seeds dates back to 18th century.The first '' Index seminum '' is the ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=dk0-AAAAcAAJ Viridarium Florentinum]'' published by [Saverio Manetti](/source/Saverio_Manetti), director of the [Orto Botanico di Firenze](/source/Orto_Botanico_di_Firenze), in 1751. In the 21st century this tradition is reexamined in the context of the conservation of [biodiversity](/source/biodiversity) and the fight against [invasive species](/source/invasive_species). In terms of [nomenclature](/source/nomenclature), the old '''Index Seminum''' are precious because they sometimes contain the description of new species such as '' [Telanthera bettzickiana](/source/Alternanthera_bettzickiana)'', described in 1862 by [Eduard August von Regel](/source/Eduard_August_von_Regel) in the ''Index Seminum'' of the [Saint Petersburg Botanical Garden](/source/Saint_Petersburg_Botanical_Garden).[https://www.ipni.org/n/61458-1 ''Telanthera bettzickiana''] [International Plant Names Index](/source/International_Plant_Names_Index) In Spain The preparation of the catalog of the seeds available in a botanical garden is a traditional activity, which began in Spain at the beginning of the 19th century, and has remained in the same conditions to this day. In 1800 [Casimiro Gómez Ortega](/source/Casimiro_G%C3%B3mez_Ortega) published the first Index SeminumGómez Ortega, Casimiro (1800), Index seminum plantarum, quae in R. Matr. H. desiderantur, anno MDCCC., Madrid: Royal Botanical Garden. 12 pp. of the [Royal Botanical Garden of Madrid](/source/Royal_Botanical_Garden_of_Madrid). The [Botanical Garden of Valencia](/source/Botanical_Garden_of_Valencia) published its first seed catalog in 1862. Every year the [Ibero-Marcaronesic Network of Botanical Gardens](/source/%3Aes%3AAsociaci%C3%B3n_Ibero-Macaron%C3%A9sica_de_Jardines_Bot%C3%A1nicos) offers the ''Index Seminum pro mutual commutatione'' of the twenty one gardens associated with this network. The '''Index Seminum''' of the [University Botanical Garden of Granada](/source/%3Aes%3AJard%C3%ADn_Bot%C3%A1nico_Universitario_de_Sierra_Nevada) in [Sierra Nevada](/source/Sierra_Nevada_(Spain)) offers the seeds of the 1980s [Endemism](/source/Endemism)s of the Sierra. == References == {{Reflist}} == External links == === Conservation International === * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080906190806/http://www.biodiv.org/ The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)] * [http://www.fao.org/inicio.htm The global Plan of Action for the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929080753/http://www.fao.org/inicio.htm |date=29 September 2007 }} * [http://www.unesco.org/ The World Heritage Convention] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071002063050/http://www.ecnc.nl/doc/europe/legislat/bernconv.html The convention on the conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats (Bern Convention) ] * [http://www.cites.org/ The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna] ([CITES](/source/CITES)) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20040204010551/http://europa.eu.int/comm/environment/nature/habdires.htm Habitats and Species Directive 92/43 / EEC] * [http://www.strategyguide.org/ The Pan-European Biodiversity and Landscape Diversity Strategy] * [http://www.ramsar.org/ The Convention on Wetlands of International Importance] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060418043636/http://biodiversity-chm.eea.eu.int/ The European Community Biodiversity Strategy] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070925113832/http://www.unesco.org/mab/ UNESCO Man and the Biosphere program (MAB)] === In Spain === * [http://www.mma.es/conserv_nat/biodiv/especies/index.htm Ministry of the Environment] * [http://www.uam.es/otros/consveg/ Bulletin of the Plants Commission of the Spanish Committee of IUCN] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070911142111/http://www.uam.es/otros/consveg/ |date=11 September 2007 }} * [http://www.mediterranea.org/cae/real_decreto_1997-1995_biodiversidad.htm Royal Decree 1997/1995 on biodiversity] * {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20051030104427/http://www.plant-talk.org/Pages/14micros.html Micro-reserves capture Valencia’s special flora]}} * [http://www.cma.gva.es/ Conservation within the Community] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071002065144/http://www.cma.gva.es/ |date=2 October 2007 }} Category:Botanical gardens Category:Seeds --- Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Index Seminum](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_Seminum) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_Seminum?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.