# Incarvillea

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***Incarvillea*** is a [genus](/source/Genus) of about 16 species[1][2] of [flowering plants](/source/Flowering_plant) in the family [Bignoniaceae](/source/Bignoniaceae), native to central and eastern [Asia](/source/Asia), with most of the species growing at high altitudes in the [Himalaya](/source/Himalaya) and [Tibet](/source/Tibet). The most familiar species is *[Incarvillea delavayi](/source/Incarvillea_delavayi)*, a garden plant commonly known as **hardy gloxinia**[note 1] or **Chinese trumpet flower**. Unlike most other members of Bignoniaceae, which are mainly tropical woody plants, species of *Incarvillea* are herbaceous perennial plants from temperate regions.[2]

[Genetic analysis](/source/Genetic_analysis) supports the division of the genus into five [clades](/source/Clade): the subgenus *Niedzwedzkia*, the subgenus *Amphicome*, the subgenus *Incarvillea*, the subgenus *Pteroscleris*, and the species *I. olgae*, which does not fit into a subgenus. It may be given a subgenus of its own in a future study.[2]

*Incarvillea* is named after the French [Jesuit missionary](/source/Society_of_Jesus) and [botanist](/source/Botany) [Pierre Nicholas Le Chéron d'Incarville](/source/Pierre_Nicolas_d'Incarville).[3]

Species include:

- *[Incarvillea altissima](/source/Incarvillea_altissima)*
- *[Incarvillea arguta](/source/Incarvillea_arguta)*
- *[Incarvillea beresowskii](/source/Incarvillea_beresowskii)*
- *[Incarvillea compacta](/source/Incarvillea_compacta)*
- *[Incarvillea delavayi](/source/Incarvillea_delavayi)*
- *[Incarvillea dissectifoliola](/source/Incarvillea_dissectifoliola)*
- *[Incarvillea emodi](/source/Incarvillea_emodi)* ([Royle](/source/John_Forbes_Royle) ex [Lindl.](/source/John_Lindley)) [Chatterjee](/source/Debabarta_Chatterjee)
- *[Incarvillea forrestii](/source/Incarvillea_forrestii)*
- *[Incarvillea lutea](/source/Incarvillea_lutea)*
- *[Incarvillea mairei](/source/Incarvillea_mairei)*
- *[Incarvillea olgae](/source/Incarvillea_olgae)*
- *[Incarvillea potaninii](/source/Incarvillea_potaninii)*
- *[Incarvillea semiretschenskia](/source/Incarvillea_semiretschenskia)*
- *[Incarvillea sinensis](/source/Incarvillea_sinensis)* (syn. *I. variabilis*)
- *[Incarvillea younghusbandii](/source/Incarvillea_younghusbandii)*
- *[Incarvillea zhongdianensis](/source/Incarvillea_zhongdianensis)*

## Chemistry

*Incarvillea sinensis* contains the alkaloid [incarvillateine](/source/Incarvillateine).[4]

## Notes

1. even though *Incarvillea* is not closely related to *[Gloxinia](/source/Gloxinia_(genus))* and *[Sinningia](/source/Sinningia)* ("florist *Gloxinia*"), which are [Gesneriads](/source/Gesneriads).

## References

1. [*Incarvillea*.](http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=116396) Flora of China.

1. Chen, S. et al. (2005). "Molecular phylogeny of *Incarvillea* (Bignoniaceae) based on ITS and \[bu100\)TRN\(cmL-Fsequences.". *Am. J. Bot.*. **92** (4): 625–33. [doi:10.3732/ajb.92.4.625](https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.92.4.625). [PMID 21652440](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21652440)

1. [*Incarvillea sinensis* 'Cheron Pink'.](http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/gardens-gardening/your-garden/plant-finder/plant-details/kc/f255/incarvillea-sinensis-cheron-pink.aspx) Missouri Botanical Garden.

1. Nakamura, M.; Chi, Y. M.; Yan, W. M.; Nakasugi, Y.; Yoshizawa, T.; Irino, N.; Hashimoto, F.; Kinjo, J.; Nohara, T. (1999-09-01). "Strong antinociceptive effect of incarvillateine, a novel monoterpene alkaloid from Incarvillea sinensis". *Journal of Natural Products*. **62** (9): 1293–1294. [Bibcode:1999JNAtP..62.1293N](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1999JNAtP..62.1293N). [doi:10.1021/np990041c](https://doi.org/10.1021/np990041c). [ISSN 0163-3864](https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0163-3864). [PMID 10514316](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10514316)

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Incarvillea](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incarvillea) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incarvillea?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.