# In re

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{{Short description|Latin for 'in the matter of'}}
{{Globalize|1=article|2=United States|date=October 2023}}
{{italic title}}
'''{{lang|la|In re}}''', [Latin](/source/Latin) for {{gloss|in the matter [of]}}, is a term with several different, but related meanings.

==Legal use==
In the [legal system in the United States](/source/Law_of_the_United_States), {{lang|la|In re}} is used to indicate that a [judicial proceeding](/source/Legal_case) may not have formally designated adverse parties or is otherwise uncontested. {{lang|la|In re}} is an alternative to the more typical [adversarial](/source/Adversarial_system) form of [case designation](/source/Case_citation), which names each case as "''[Plaintiff](/source/Plaintiff) v.'' (versus) ''[Defendant](/source/Defendant)''", as in ''[Roe v. Wade](/source/Roe_v._Wade)'' or ''[Miranda v. Arizona](/source/Miranda_v._Arizona)''.

{{lang|la|In re}} is commonly used in case citations of [probate](/source/probate) and [bankruptcy](/source/bankruptcy) proceedings, such as the [General Motors Chapter 11 reorganization](/source/General_Motors_Chapter_11_reorganization), which was formally designated ''In re General Motors Corp''. in court papers.<ref name="Pettersso">{{cite news|author=Edvard Pettersso|date=June 2, 2009|title=General Motors Asks Judge to Void Seven Corporate Jet Leases|work=Bloomberg.com|url=http://bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601103&sid=ayXMRo33_6YU|url-status=dead|access-date=June 2, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090122224028/http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601103|archive-date=January 22, 2009|df=mdy-all}}</ref> The term is also sometimes used for consolidated cases, as with ''[In re Marriage Cases](/source/In_re_Marriage_Cases)''. It was adopted by certain U.S. states, like [California](/source/California), when they adopted [no-fault divorce](/source/no-fault_divorce) to reflect the fact that the modern proceeding for dissolution of marriage was being taken out of the adversarial system. It is also used in [juvenile court](/source/juvenile_court)s, as, for instance, ''[In re Gault](/source/In_re_Gault)''.

The ''[Bluebook](/source/Bluebook)'', a legal citation and style guide used by American lawyers and law schools, describes {{lang|la|In re}} as a "procedural phrase", and requires that citations use {{lang|la|In re}} to abbreviate {{gloss|in the matter of}}, {{gloss|petition of}}, {{gloss|application of}}, and similar expressions.<ref>{{cite book | publisher= [Columbia Law Review](/source/Columbia_Law_Review); [Harvard Law Review](/source/Harvard_Law_Review); [University of Pennsylvania Law Review](/source/University_of_Pennsylvania_Law_Review); [Yale Law Journal](/source/Yale_Law_Journal) | title=[Bluebook](/source/Bluebook) | edition=19th | isbn=9780615361161 |chapter=Case Names 10.2| year=2010 }}</ref>

== See also ==
{{Portal|Law}}
* [Reference question](/source/Reference_question)

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{wiktionary inline}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:In Re}}
Category:Latin legal terminology

{{Latin-legal-phrase-stub}}

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [In re](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In_re) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In_re?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.