# Ili-Ishar

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King of Mari

Ili-Ishar 𒀭𒄿𒊬 Brick with inscription of "Ili-Ishar, Shakkanakku of Mari", commemorating a canal-building project[1] King of Mari Reign c. 2085 - c. 2072 BC Predecessor Iddi-ilum Successor Tura-Dagan Died c. 2072 BC Dynasty Shakkanakku dynasty Father Apil-kin

Mari

Location of Mari

**Ili-Ishar**, also **Ilum-Ishar** (𒀭𒄿𒊬, *Il3-Ishar*; died c. 2072 BC), was a ruler of the city of [Mari](/source/Mari%2C_Syria), northern [Mesopotamia](/source/Mesopotamia), after the fall of [Akkad](/source/Akkadian_Empire) c. 2085-2072 BCE.[2] His father was [Apil-kin](/source/Apil-kin), and his brother was [Tura-Dagan](/source/Tura-Dagan), who succeeded him.[3]

He held the title of [Shakkanakku](/source/Shakkanakku) (military governor), which was borne by all the princes of a dynasty who reigned at [Mari](/source/Mari%2C_Syria) in the late third millennium and early second millennium BC. These kings were the descendants of the military governors appointed by the kings of [Akkad](/source/Akkad_(city)).[4] He was contemporary of the [Third Dynasty of Ur](/source/Third_Dynasty_of_Ur), and probably their vassal.[5]

Several brick inscriptions in the name of Ili-Ishar have been found in Mari, describing the building of a canal:

"Ilum-išar, šakkanakku of Mari, made the Ḫubur go down to Bāb-Mēr"

— Mari inscriptions of Ili-Ishar.[6][7]

On some of his inscriptions, Ili-Ishar uses the title *dannum'* ("the Great") in front of his function *[Shakkanakku](/source/Shakkanakku)* ("Military Governor"), a practice which is first attested at Mari from the inscriptions of Apil-Kin, and was initially introduced by [Naram-Sin](/source/Naram-Sin_of_Akkad) of [Akkad](/source/Akkadian_Empire).[8]

		- Inscription "Ili-Ishar Shakkanakku Mari-ki" (𒀭𒄿𒊬 𒄊𒀴 𒈠𒌷𒆠, "Ili-Ishar, Military Governor of Mari") on the brick

		- Inscriptions of Ilum-Ishar, excavated in Mari

Ili-Ishar of Mari Regnal titles Preceded by Iddi-ilum King of Mari c. 2085 - c. 2072 BC Succeeded by Tura-Dagan

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)** Leick, Gwendolyn (2002). [*Who's Who in the Ancient Near East*](https://books.google.com/books?id=3A2GAgAAQBAJ&pg=PT94). Routledge. p. 94. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-134-78795-1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-134-78795-1).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** Leick, Gwendolyn (2002). [*Who's Who in the Ancient Near East*](https://books.google.com/books?id=3A2GAgAAQBAJ&pg=PT36). Routledge. p. 78. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-134-78795-1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-134-78795-1).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-GL_3-0)** Leick, Gwendolyn (2002). [*Who's Who in the Ancient Near East*](https://books.google.com/books?id=nAGFAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA168). Routledge. p. 168. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-134-78796-8](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-134-78796-8).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** Louvre. "The Statuette of Iddi-Ilum," Department of Near Eastern Antiquities: Mesopotamia. Accessed December 1, 2014. [http://www.louvre.fr/en/oeuvre-notices/statuette-iddi-ilum](http://www.louvre.fr/en/oeuvre-notices/statuette-iddi-ilum) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20150216193353/http://www.louvre.fr/en/oeuvre-notices/statuette-iddi-ilum) 2015-02-16 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** Unger, Merrill F. (2014). [*Israel and the Aramaeans of Damascus: A Study in Archaeological Illumination of Bible History*](https://books.google.com/books?id=qw6vCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA5). Wipf and Stock Publishers. p. 5. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-62564-606-4](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-62564-606-4).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** Loisel, Anne-Caroline Rendu. ["Ilum-Isar et Apil-Kin, deux nouvelles inscriptions de Mari/Tell Hariri"](https://www.academia.edu/3891160). *In L. Feliu / J. Llop / A. Millet Alba / J. Sanmartin (Ed), Time and History in the Ancient Near East, Proceedings of Rencontre Assyriologique Internationale 56, Barcelone, Juillet 2010, Pp.633-643*.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** THUREAU-DANGIN, F. (1936). "TEXTES DE MÂRI". *Revue d'Assyriologie et d'archéologie orientale*. **33** (4): 177–179. [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [0373-6032](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0373-6032). [JSTOR](/source/JSTOR_(identifier)) [23284100](https://www.jstor.org/stable/23284100).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** Loisel, Anne-Caroline Rendu. ["Ilum-Isar et Apil-Kin, deux nouvelles inscriptions de Mari/Tell Hariri"](https://www.academia.edu/3891160). *In L. Feliu / J. Llop / A. Millet Alba / J. Sanmartin (Ed), Time and History in the Ancient Near East, Proceedings of Rencontre Assyriologique Internationale 56, Barcelone, Juillet 2010, Pp.633-643*: 649.

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